以甲基丙烯酸-N,N-二甲基氨基乙酯为亲核试剂,分别与4-溴甲基二苯甲酮和4,4’-二（溴甲基）二苯甲酮在20℃下反应,并过简单的过滤,得到了两种水性可聚合二苯甲酮类光引发剂：4-[N-（2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基）二甲基溴化铵甲基]二苯甲酮（收率79.2%）和4,4’-双[N-（2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基）二甲基溴化铵甲基]二苯甲酮（收率79.7%）。产物用NMR、IR和元素分析进行了表征。

Two novel water-soluble polymeric benzophenone photoinitiators were efficiently synthesized at 20℃by using 2-( Dimeth-ylamino)ethyl methacrylate,4-bromomethyl benzophenone,and 4,4′-di(bromomethyl)benzophenone as reactants,respectively.The yield of 4-[N-(2-methacyloxylethyl)dimethylammonium methyl]benzophenone was 79.2%,and that of 4,4′-bis[N-(2-methacylox-ylethyl)dimethylammonium methyl]benzophenone was 79.7%.The products were characterized by IR,NMR and EA.

目的研究17β雌二醇对氯胺酮所致原代培养皮质神经元凋亡的影响及其机制。方法原代培养皮质神经元,体外培养7 d,随机分为空白对照组(给予相同体积的DMSO),雌二醇组(17β雌二醇终浓度为0.1μmol·L-1),氯胺酮组(氯胺酮终浓度为100μmol·L-1),氯胺酮+雌二醇组(氯胺酮,17β雌二醇终浓度分别为100μmol·L-1,0.1μmol·L-1)。噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测神经元存活率,Hoechest33258染色法检测皮质神经元凋亡,Western-blot法测定cleaved-Caspase-3及Bcl-2蛋白表达。结果氯胺酮组神经元存活率(54.02±7.78)%,明显低于空白对照组;氯胺酮+雌二醇组神经元存活率(88.09±6.54)%,明显高于氯胺酮组。神经元经Hoechest33258染色在荧光显微镜下观察,氯胺酮组神经元凋亡[凋亡率(49.50±4.34)%]较空白对照组明显增加,氯胺酮+雌二醇组[凋亡率(15.74±3.40)%]较氯胺酮组神经元凋亡下降。氯胺酮组cleaved-Caspase-3表达明显增加,Bcl-2明显下降,而氯胺酮+雌二醇组较氯胺酮组cleaved-Caspase-3表达明显下降,Bcl-2表达明显升高。结论 17β雌二醇通过抑制神经元凋亡对抗氯胺酮诱导的皮质神经元损伤,产生保护作用。

Objective To investigate the protective effect and the mechanisms of 17β-estradiol on ketamine-induced apoptosis on primary cultured rat cortical neurons. Methods Cortical neurons were primarily cultured for seven days,then divided into four groups :control group ( treated with equal valume of DMSO ),estradiol-treated group ( treated with 0.1 μmol·L-1 17β-estradiol),ketamine-treated group(treated with 100 μmol·L-1 ketamine),ketamine plus 17β-estradiol-treated group( treated with 0. 1 μmol·L-1 17β-estradiol+100μmol·L-1 ketamine). The neurons were treated for 24 hours. The neuron viability was determined by MTT. Neuroapoptosis was measured by nuclear morphometry after Hoechest 33258 dying. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression levels of cleaved-caspase-3 and Bcl-2protein. Results The neuron viability in the ketamine group was(54. 02±7. 78)%,significantly decreased from the control group,whereas ketamine plus 17β-estradiol increased the cell viabi

探讨高血压脑出血患者血清雌二醇、睾酮水平与病情程度及预后的相关性。方法:检测168例高血压脑出血患者(脑出血组)及60例对照组血清雌二醇、睾酮的含量,按美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表标准对患者进行评分,再按病情轻重及病程评分的差值分组比较。结果:男性脑出血组雌二醇和睾酮与对照组差异均有统计学意义(P0.01和P0.05),男女脑出血组雌二醇/睾酮比值与对照组差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。男性患者轻度病情组血清雌二醇含量较中、重度组升高(P0.05),男性3种病情组雌二醇/睾酮比值差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。男性患者少量出血组血清雌二醇和睾酮含量均较中量出血组升高(P0.05),男性3种出血组雌二醇/睾酮比值差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。女性脑出血组雌二醇与对照组差异无统计学意义(P0.05),女性脑出血组睾酮与对照组差异有统计学意义(P0.05),女性患者轻度病情组血清睾酮含量均较中、重度组显著升高(P0.01),女性轻度病情组雌二醇/睾酮比值均较中、重度组低(P0.01和P0.05)。女性患者少量出血组血清睾酮含量均较中、大量出血组明显升高(P0.01),女性患者血清雌二醇和雌二醇/睾酮比值不同出血量组差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。男、女性患者显著好转组雌二醇含量均较无变化组及恶化组升高(P0.05~P0.01),男、女性患者显著好转组睾酮含量均较无变化组及恶化组下降(P0.05~P0.01),男、女性患者显著好转组雌二醇/睾酮比值均较无变化组及恶化组升高(P0.05~P0.01)。结论:高血压脑出血患者血清雌二醇、雌二醇/睾酮比值测定有助于判断预后。

Objective:To investigate the serum levels of estradiol and testosterone in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and their relations with illness severity and prognosis. Methods:The serum levels of estradiol and testosterone in 168 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage ( cerebral hemorrhage group ) and 60 healthy people ( control group ) were determined. All patients were scored by U. S. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and compared in two groups. Results:The differences of the serum levels of estradiol and testosterone in male between two groups were statistically significant(P 0. 05). The serum level of estradiol in male patient with mild illness was moderate,and high in severe patients(P 0. 05). The serum levels of estradiol and testosterone in male patients with small amount of bleeding were higher than those in male patients with median amount of bleeding(P 0. 05). The difference of the estradiol serum level in female between two groups was n

建立了分散液液微萃取（ dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction，DLLME ）-在线衍生化-气相色谱-质谱（ GC-MS）方法，将其用于环境水中6种二苯甲酮类紫外吸收剂（ BPs）（二苯甲酮、2，4-二羟基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、4-羟基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-辛氧基二苯甲酮、2，2′-二羟基-4，4′-二甲氧基二苯甲酮）的检测。系统优化了在线衍生化的条件（如进样口温度、不分流时间、衍生化试剂用量）以及 DLLME 萃取条件（如萃取剂种类、分散剂种类、萃取剂与分散剂比例、样品体积、样品溶液离子强度及 pH 值）等。在最优的条件下，所考察的6种BPs检出限为0.011~0.15μg/L，重现性（ RSD）为0.7％-16.6％。该方法结果准确可靠，操作简单，富集效果好，成本较低，环境友好，在实际样品检测中具有一定的应用前景。

A method of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction( DLLME)combined with online derivatization-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS)was developed for the determi-nation of benzophenone-type ultraviolet( UV)filers( BPs)in environmental aqueous samples. It is found that the online derivatization was superior to the off-line derivatization with its simplicity,high reaction efficiency and less consumption of potential poisonous reagents. The influential factors for online derivatization,including the temperature of the injection port,the splitless time,the proportion of derivatization reagent and sample solution,were initially opti-mized. In addition,the influential factors for DLLME,including the type of the extractant and dispersing solvent,the proportion of the extractant and the dispersing solvent,the volume of sample solution,the pH and the salt concentration of the sample solution were individually optimized in detail. Under the optimized derivatization and DLLME co

摘要：以对叔丁基杯[4]芳烃为原料脱除叔丁基得到杯[4]芳烃，再经醚化、缩合两步反应首次合成25，27-二（α，γ-二酮苯丁氧基）-26，28．二羟基杯[4]芳烃，其结构经1HNMR、13CNMR、MS及元素分析表征。研究表明，目标化合物中的α，γ-二酮结构存在酮醇异构现象，在溶液中其酮醇异构体比例近似为1：2。

25,27-Di(α,γ-diketophenylbutoxy)-26,28-dihydroxy calix[4]arene was synthesized by a two-step reaction of etherifica-tion and condensation from calix [4] arene,which was prepared by p-tert-butylcalyx [4] arene as the raw material via dealkyla-tion.The structure of title compound was characterized by 1 H NMR,13 C NMR,MS and elemental analysis.The results also indicated that keto-enol tautomerism of the α,γ-diketo motif of the title compound was observed and the ratio of the keto-enol isomer approxi-mately was 1:2.