研究了苗期不同光温条件下培育的烟苗移栽到大田后,其生育期、生长速率、理化指标及其产量的变化。结果表明,烤房人工光源育苗、大棚恒温补光育苗、大棚恒温育苗移栽大田后,其生育期、生长速率和成熟期的农艺性状均优于大棚常规育苗,其中有效叶数和茎高的差异均达到极显著水平;初烤烟叶的宽长比、单叶重、厚度、干物质重和单位面积质量等物理指标均极显著优于对照;但烤房人工光源育苗和大棚恒温补光育苗处理的初烤烟叶总糖及还原糖极显著低于对照和其余处理;主要经济性状表现为烤房人工光源育苗大棚恒温补光育苗大棚恒温育苗大棚常规育苗。因此,苗期采用增温补光处理不仅可显著改善烟苗素质,而且对烤烟大田生育期的烟叶理化指标和产量有显著影响。

treatments in other light and temperature;The main economic traits showed that the artificial light seedling in flue-curing barn> the isothermal and fill light seedling in the greenhouse>the isothermal seedling in the greenhouse>the normal seed-ling in the greenhouse.So, the seeding period under warming light could not only improve its qualities but also significantly affected the physico-chemical indicators and quantities of the tobacco of growth stages in the field.

育苗播种流水线是烟草工厂化漂浮育苗的关键环节,可以极大地提高育苗的整体性和均匀性,降低人工的劳动强度提高育苗的效率,具有巨大的发展潜力。为此,介绍了流水线的关键技术,分析了国内外烟草育苗播种流水线的研究现状,并指出了烟草育苗播种流水线的发展趋势。

The sowing pipeline of tobacco floating system is the key link of tobacco industrial seedling , which could in-crease the integrity and uniformity of seedling , reduce the labor intensity and improve the efficiency greatly , it has the huge development potential.The text introduced the key parts of the pipeline and analysed the research status and development of tobacco sowing pipeline in the domestic and foreign countries , described the trend of the tobacco sowing pipeline .

为提高育苗存活率,并获得较为稳定的育苗效果,本研究通过增加恒温流水装置改良孵化设施,利用遮光挡雨设施保持室外大型水泥池相对稳定的育苗水体条件,开展点蓝子鱼室外大水泥池育苗试验。结果显示,3批次人工催产,孵化率在原有不足80%的基础上获得有效提高,分别达89.4%、92.1%和91.2%,育苗存活率分别为23.5%、30.4%和28.5%。通过这种室外大型水泥池育苗模式,克服了室内水泥池出苗量不足及传统池塘育苗受自然环境影响大等缺点,育苗效果稳定、良好,可操作性强。

In order to increase breeding survival rate and get stable breeding results , the breeding trial of Siganus guttatus in outdoor cement pool was carried out , in which the running water unit with constant temperature was used to improve the incubation facilities and shielding facilities were applied to maintain stable breeding water environment in outdoor large cement pool .The results showed that the hatching rate of Sigansu guttatus was effectively increased with the hatching rate of 89 .4%, 92 .1% and 91 .2% in three batches , while it was less than 80%in the traditional way.82 000(3.8 cm in total length), 174 000 (3.5 cm in total length) and 179 000 (3.4 cm in total length) fries were gained in the three batches, with the breeding survival of 23 .5%, 30 .4%and 28 .5%respectively .The results of the trail indicated that the new breeding model of outdoor cement pool avoided the disadvantages of low seed production volume in indoor cement pool system and uncontrollable environments of

目前,河南地区蔬菜的机械化移栽种植还处于初步推广水平,人工育苗移栽仍是大面积采用的方式,致使育苗移栽的普及受到了限制。因此,结合河南省的实际移栽技术现状,在参考了大量国内外移栽机的基础之上,介绍了各种移栽机的基本原理和结构特点等。根据河南蔬菜种植的农艺特点,引进适宜的机型进行试验,表明吊篮式移栽机适合河南地区育苗移栽,并提出改进建议和措施。

So far, transplanting technology in Henan province was still in the promotion stage .Because transplanting areas were mainly artificial , it seriously restricted the development expand of the productive scale .To that end , it was consistent with the actual situation in the Henan region , against Henan region current application , a general situation of domestic and international transplanting machine was introduced .This paper objectively discussed the working principle , structure and characteristics of all kinds of transplanters and typical machines .According to the agronomic characteristics of vegetable cultivation in Henan area , appropriate model was introduced to test .The experiments showed that the dibble-type transplanter was suitable for nursery transplant in Henan area and improve measures were proposed .

利用自然海水和天然饵料,采用无泥砂采苗方法,在天津沿海成功开展了青蛤工厂化育苗。幼虫初始壳长(120±1.28)μm,壳长平均日增长5.05μm,成活率23.0%;第19~31d为变态期,壳长平均日增长14.1μm,变态率32.9%;变态后至第53d,壳长平均日增长32.5μm,成活率82.3%。本次育苗试验充分利用天津沿海水质条件与环境特点,改进育苗方法,建立了适于天津海区的青蛤人工育苗工艺,共得到双水管稚贝约1.25亿枚。

Factory breeding of Cyclina sinensis was successfully carried out in Tianjin coast by the u-sing natural sea water ,natural food and settlling without mud and sand .In the larval stage ,the initial shell length of larvae was 120 ± 1 .28 μm ,the average daily growth of shell length was 5 .05 μm ,the survival rate was 23 .0% ;During 19~31 day in which larvae were in metamorphosis stage ,the average daily growth of shell length was 14 .1μm ,metamorphosis rate was 32 .9% ;From metamorphosis to 53 day ,the average daily growth of shell length was 32 .5 μm ,the survival rate was 82 .3% .The breeding experiments take advantage of water quality conditions and environmental characteristics in the Tianjin coast ,improve breeding methods ,and establish the Cyclina sinensis breeding method in the Tianjin coast .In total ,about 125 million double siphon juveniles were harvested .