利用SDE-GC/MS联用技术分析17种凤凰单丛成品茶的挥发性成分,以凤凰水仙群体种乌龙茶和石古坪乌龙茶为对照进行比较.结果表明,依据香型相似率大于或等于95%可以进行归类的标准,将17种凤凰单丛成品茶的香型归结为黄栀香、杏仁香、蜜兰香、芝兰香、玉兰香和香型名称未定的锯朵仔、贡香共7个类型.不同香型凤凰单丛成品茶之间的香型相似度存在明显差异,与凤凰水仙群体种的香气组分及香型也存在差异,这可能与凤凰单丛茶的自然杂交变异及其加工工艺有关.通过分析同一香型不同凤凰单丛茶的香气组分差异,可以发现不同香型的单丛茶之间既存在共性成分的含量差异,又具有个性组分的差异,比如：芝兰香型凤凰单丛茶的异丁香酚,黄栀香型的α-杜松醇,蜜兰香的榧烯醇、β-紫罗酮、石竹烯以及锯朵仔单丛的4-萜烯醇和贡香单丛的氨茴酸甲酯等,这些成分可能是所对应品种（系）凤凰单丛茶的特征香气成分,可作为凤凰单丛成品茶香型分类的重要依据之一.

The volatile compositions of 17 kinds of Fenghuang Dancong Tea with different aromatics were analyzed using a combination of simultaneous distillation extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SDE-GC/MS), then compared with their ancestor, narcissus series tea, and the non-narcissus series tea. The results showed that according to the aroma pattern similar to or higher than the rate of 95%, they are classified into seven aroma patterns: Huangzhi aroma(gardenia Magnolia fragrance), Xingren aroma(almond fragrance), Milan aroma (honey-orchid fragrance), Zhilan aroma(iris orchid fragrance), Yulan aroma(magnolia fragrance), Juduozai whose aroma pattern was not identified and Gong aroma. The similarity are different not only between each aromatics and varieties, but also between each aromatics and their original variet y. By analyzing the difference in the aroma components of different Fenghuang Dancong tea with same aroma pattern, it showed that Dancong tea with differe

为了解凤凰县烤烟化学成分特征,采用比较分析、聚类分析和模糊优先相似比分析等方法研究了凤凰县与国内外主要烟区的烟叶化学成分差异和相似性。结果表明：凤凰县烟叶具有糖高、钾较高、氮和氯低、烟碱适宜的特点,烟叶化学成分与中间香型的黔西南兴义最相似,其次与清香型产区的大理祥云、曲靖罗平相近,与浓香型产区的郴州桂阳、许昌襄县及国外烟叶津巴布韦、巴西差异较大。可推知凤凰县烤烟属于中偏浓香型。

The chemical components of flue-cured tobacco between Fenghuang and main domestic and overseas were studied by comparative analysis, clustering analysis and fuzzy preferred ratio in order to know the characteristic of chemical components of flue-cured tobacco in Fenghuang. The results showed that comparing with main domestic and overseas leaves, Fenghuang leaves were higher sugar, slightly higher potassium, lower nitrogen, lower chlorine and suitable nicotine. The similarity of chemical components of flue-cured tobacco was the highest between Fenghuang County and Xingyi City, southmest of Guizhou of pure-sweetness type, followed by Xianyun County, Dali and Luoping County, Qujing of fresh-sweetness type. The difference of chemical components of flue-cured tobacco was more between Fenghuang County and Guiyang County, Chenzhou, Xiang County Xuchang of burnt-sweetness type, and Zimbabwe and Brazil of overseas leaves. It was deduced that the aroma types of flue-cured tobacco in Fenghuang be

为能够快速、准确地对不同品种（系）凤凰单丛茶进行鉴定,建立不同品种（系）凤凰单丛茶的DNA指纹图谱,本研究利用ISSR分子标记技术,以4份凤凰单丛茶品种为材料,对UBC802~UBC899等58条ISSR引物进行筛选,得到了12条多态性好的ISSR引物。在确定引物最佳退火温度后,利用这12条ISSR引物对39份凤凰单丛茶进行了扩增,结果显示,从其中筛选出的6条核心引物共扩增出84条带,平均每个引物扩增出14条带,其中多态性条带78条,多态性条带比例为92.86%,多态信息量平均为0.9456,其中引物UBC843多态性最为丰富,品种相似性系数在0.4063-0.9836之间;为将39份凤凰单丛茶品种全部区分开,本研究对6条核心引物进行了组合,发现其中UBC827/UBC846的组合鉴别效率最高;通过综合品种名称、国家地区编号、采样地点、高效核心引物组合名称以及ISSR数据代码,本研究建立了39种凤凰单丛茶的DNA指纹代码。之后,通过整合软件录入如品种指纹图谱代码、香型、海拔、ISSR-PCR扩增数据图片等更多相关信息,形成指纹图谱二维编码,构成凤凰单丛茶的DNA指纹图谱,为凤凰单丛茶品种权益保护及信息平台的建立提供数据支持。

The aim of this study is to quickly and accurately identify different cultivars (or lines) of Fenghuang Dancong tea in which would construct a DNA fingerprint in different cultivars (or lines) of Fenghuang Dancong tea based on ISSR molecular marker. Firstly, 58 ISSR primers were screened with 4 cultivars, indicating 12 of which are polymorphic. After screening the optimal annealing temperature, 12 ISSR primers were used to amplify 39 Fenghuang Dancong tea resources. The results showed that by using 6 reliable ISSR primers, 84 DNA fragments, among which 78 DNA bands were polymorphic, of all 39 tea accessions were amplified. And the polymo rphic proportion of DNA bands (PPB) was 92.86%, including the primer UBC843 with the richest polymorphic, and the average number of DNA bands amplified by each primer was 14. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.9456, and the genetic similarity coefficient of the 39 accessions ranged from 0.4063 to 0.9836. In order to iden

采集三亚市凤凰镇耕地土壤样本260个,分析土壤pH值、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量。结果表明:三亚市凤凰镇耕地土壤pH值平均为5.27,土壤样本整体呈酸性,土壤酸化严重;有机质含量中等偏下,平均值为2 mg/kg;碱解氮含量丰富,平均值为98.59mg/kg;有效磷含量极为丰富,平均值为39.685 mg/kg;速效钾含量缺乏,平均值为80.78 mg/kg。结合凤凰镇的作物种植状况及土壤养分含量特征提出施肥建议。

260 samples of farmland soil of fenghuang town in Sanya City were collected. The soil reaction,the content of organic matter,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were tested. The result showed:the average value of the pH of the farmland soil was 5.27,in general,the soil was acidic,the acidification of the soil was really serious. The content of organic matter was deficient ,the majority of it was in the middle level and the average value was 2 mg/kg.Alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen was secondly abundant ,its average value was 98.59 mg/kg.Available phosphorus was really abundant,the average value was 39.685 mg/kg.Available potassium was deficient,the average value was 80.78 mg/kg.According to crop planting conditionas and soil nutrient charcteristics ,suggestions of fertilization were put forward for refernce.

先秦两汉时,在同一文献内部,都既有朱鸟,又有凤鸟。朱鸟是南方宿名,表方位;凤凰是灵异之鸟,预太平。只有在《楚辞》及汉墓葬中,朱鸟被赋予灵性,这种富有仙味的意象后来进入道教文化。而在纬书中,预太平的凤鸟,开始与南方之火相配,这成为凤鸟配南方之始,也是二者意象相混的起端。当凤鸟也进入道教,最终实现了二者意义的完全混淆。在道教文献中,凤凰大多已不再是祥瑞,而朱雀也不仅指方位,二者成为性质相同的仙鸟,在修道成仙后会出现。所以,至宋以后的文献注解中,朱雀、凤凰都可指南方,也都是神鸟,已无须辨别。而道教则成为混淆朱雀与凤凰意象的关键环节。

In the pre-Qin and Han dynasties,there were rosefinch and phoenix in the same document.Rosefinch was the name of stars of South,standing for direction.?Phoenix?was a magical bird,indicating peace.Rosefinch,which entered into Taoism culture later,was given the spiritual just in Chuci and in the Han tombs.However,phoenix,standing for peace,was matched with the fire of the south in the prophetic-mixed literature.This was the beginning of the phoenix with south,and the origin of image confusion of rosefinch and phoenix.When the phoenix was also integrated into Taoism,they achieved the final confusion.In the Taoism literature,phoenix is no longer the auspicious sign,and rosefinch does not just stand for orientation. They become birds of the same nature,appearing after the?immortal.Therefore,in the Song dynasty literature annotation,there had not been distinction between rosefinch and phoenix,which are both immortal birds and stand for the south.Taoism culture is the critical step