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双语推荐:吸附生长

利用微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MPCVD)法在碳纤维上制备了碳纳米管,并在此基础上系统地研究了微波功率、反应时间、催化剂前驱体的吸附时间以及吸附浓度对碳纳米管生长的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品的表面形貌进行表征。结果表明,微波功率、反应时间对碳纳米管的形貌有很大影响,此外,随着吸附时间的增加,碳纳米管的生长速度快且产量高;吸附浓度很大时,碳纤维表面上产生了大量的无定形碳和石墨,严重影响了碳纳米管的生长质量。
In this paper,carbon nanotubes were synthesized on the surface of carbon fibers by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition methods. The effects of the microwave power,reaction time,adsorption time and adsorption concentration of catalyst precursor on carbon nanotubes growth were systematically investigated. Surface morphology of the sample was detected by SEM. The results showed that microwave power,reaction time has a great influence on the morphology of carbon nanotubes. With the prolong of adsorption time,the growth rate of carbon nanotubes increase and their yield improve;however,a large amount of amorphous carbon and graphite produce on the surface of carbon nano-tubes as a result of excessive adsorption concentration of catalyst precursor,which makes the quality of carbon nanotubes lower seriously.

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建立了 SrO/GaN(0001)2×2表面吸附模型,采用基于第一性原理的密度泛函理论平面波超软赝势方法对 SrO 分子的吸附生长进行了计算,详细研究了 SrO 分子在表面的吸附位置、吸附能及表面化学键特性。计算发现,SrO 分子在 GaN(0001)表面吸附不会发生分解,最稳定吸附位为 Ga 桥位,吸附能达到7.257~7.264 eV。通过电荷布居数和态密度分析, SrO 分子吸附后 O 与表面的一个 Ga 原子形成的化学键表现出共价键特征,电子由SrO 转移给表面部分Ga原子,GaN(0001)仍存在表面态。
The adsorption of SrO on GaN (0001)2×2 surface was theoretically calculated employing the density functional theory within a plane-wave ultrasoft pseudopotential scheme.The adsorption orientation,the adsorp-tion energy,and the bonding characteristics of SrO molecule were studied.The simulated results showed that SrO adsorbs on GaN(0001)surface mainly in the form of undissociated molecule and the most stable position of SrO on surface was at the bridge site of Ga,and the chemical bonding energy was achieved to be 7.257-7.264 eV.The charge population and PDOS reveal that the chemical bonding of Ga-O shows a covalent bonding property.After adsorption,electrons of SrO transfer to part Ga atoms of the GaN(0001)surface,and the sur-face exists still the surface state.

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杂质可以影响结晶过程中晶体的成核与生长,其影响一般由杂质在晶面上的吸附而导致的溶质固液界面能改变引起。本文基于表面活性剂双亲结构所具有的界面效应,以丁二酸冷却结晶体系作为研究对象,考察了表面活性剂对晶体生长过程的影响。发现表面活性剂可以明显地抑制晶体的生长速率;运用Malkin提出的描述过饱和度和晶体生长速率关系的理论模型对表面活性剂的影响过程进行分析,发现在表面活性剂存在下晶体表面被吸附的溶质分子的密度要明显小于纯水体系。
Impurity can influence the crystal nucleation and growth progress. The influence usually attributed to the adsorption of impurity on face of crystal, which is the key factor to change solid-liquid interface energy. In this work succinic acid was selected as model system and the surfactants was used as the impurity due to its interfacial effect which is caused by its amphiphilic structure. The cooling crystallizations were conducted in the presence of three surfactants separately, and the crystal growth rates were measured respectively in the presence of different surfactants. Results show that the presence of surfactants inhibits the crystal growth obviously. The mechanism underlying the effect of three surfactants on crystal growth was further studied with the theoretical model proposed by Malkin which describes the relation between the face growth rate and the degree of supersaturation in the surface integration step. It shows that the three surfactants decrease the density of adsorb

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采用批平衡实验方法,研究了氧四环素(oxytetracycline, OTC)在褐土、红壤与森林土壤中的吸附/解吸行为,同时以大肠埃希菌(Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, E. coli ATCC 25922)作为实验菌株,研究了土壤吸附态的氧四环素的生物活性。结果表明, Freundlich和Langmuir模型均可以对OTC在三种土壤中的吸附和解吸曲线数据进行良好的拟合, OTC 在褐土中的吸附/解吸等温线呈线性,而在红壤与森林土壤中的吸附/解吸等温线呈非线性,且 Langmuir 方程拟合效果优于 Freundlich 方程。OTC 在三种土壤上的解吸过程均存在明显的滞后性。土壤吸附态抗生素对细菌生长的抑制作用表明, OTC与土壤发生吸附作用之后,依然具有生物有效性。
This study investigated the adsorption and desorption of OTC in three different soils by using batch equilibrium tests, and assessed the biological activity of soil-adsorbed OTC by using E.coli ATCC 25922 as the experimental strain. The results showed that the data of adsorption and desorption for OTC on all soils were well fitted with both Freundlich and Langmuir models. Both adsorption and desorption isotherms of OTC on the Cinnamon soil were linear, while those for the Forest soil and Red soil were nonlinear. The Langmuir model gave better fitting than Freundlich model for all three soils. An adsorption-desorption hysteresis phenomenon was observed in all the three soils. The bioavailability experiments with E. coli showed that the adsorbed OTC was still active against bacteria.

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本实验从降低成本的角度出发,利用从市场上购置的30种不同的国产树脂,从中选出两种吸附效果好的混合树脂:大孔吸附树脂XD-5与强碱性阴离子交换树脂D202以7∶3混合使用,可以使纤维堆囊菌So2161的埃博霉素A和B的产量较单一的大孔吸附树脂XAD-16分别提高252%和262%。进一步的研究结果表明,大孔吸附树脂XD-5对纤维堆囊菌发酵过程中的杂质吸附能力较XAD-16弱,从而能更好的吸附埃博霉素;强碱性阴离子交换树脂D202可以显著促进纤维堆囊菌的生长,进而提高了埃博霉素的产量。
From the perspective of reducing production cost of epothilones ,the effect of 30 different resins on epothilones yield of Sorangium cellulosum So2161 was surveyed.The mix of different advantageous resins has better effect on epothilone yield than single one.Exclusively,the mix of resin XD-5and D202 with the ratio of 7 to 3 could improve yields of epothilone A and B by 252%and 262%respectively .As the adsorption of impurities,the capacity of macroporous adsorption resin XD-5 is inferior to the resin XAD-16,strongly basic anion exchange resin D202 can promote the growth of Sorangium cellulosum, because of which ,the productivity of epothilone could be increased .

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对入侵病毒的最大化吸附可以有效保证网络安全,提高入侵容忍系统的安全防护性能。传统的入侵容忍系统检测和吸附病毒的方法采用链节点的随机运动生长模型,当入侵病毒为非均匀增长状态时,对病毒的吸附能力不好。提出一种基于高分子链的病毒优化吸附方法,采用线性规划技术进行入侵容忍系统状态数据融合,把入侵容忍系统描述为马尔科夫链的5个状态,进行入侵容忍系统安全属性分析,采用链重叠检测和向量化运算模拟高分子链吸附性能,实现对入侵病毒的强力吸附。仿真实验表明,采用该算法能把4类病毒入侵数据有效吸附在高分子链模型表面,聚类效果较好,具有较好的实时性和鲁棒性。
The maximum adsorption of virus can effectively guarantee the network security, and improve the safety perfor-mance of intrusion tolerance system. The traditional method takes random motion chain growth model, when an intrusion vi-rus shows in non uniform growth condition, and the adsorption capacity of the virus is not good. A optimization method of vi-rus adsorption of intrusion tolerance system is proposed based on polymer chain, the data fusion is obtained with linear pro-gramming technique, the intrusion tolerance system is described as five states of Markov chain, the security attributes analy-sis of intrusion tolerance system is obtained, the overlapping detection and vector operation are taken for simulating chain adsorption properties of polymer, the strong adsorption of virus is obtained. Simulation results show that, the algorithm can absorb 4 kinds of virus data on the polymer chain model surface effectively, clustering effect is nice, it has better real-time and

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针对氮化铝异质薄膜的制备,构建了两种AlN/Al 2 O 3(0001)材料生长模型,采用基于密度泛函理论的平面波超软赝势方法,对α-Al 2 O 3(0001)表面吸附AlN进行了模拟计算。分析了AlN在表面的吸附位置及其表面界面结构,发现AlN相对具有氧六角对称结构的最近邻的表面Al-O键发生了30°的偏转,稳定的化学吸附消除了吸附前表面Al-O层的驰豫,从而有利于AlN薄膜的铅锌矿结构的形成。
In view of the AlN thin films preparation, two AlN/Al2O3(0001) growth models have been built. With the plane wave ultrasoft pseudo-potential method based on the density functional theory, the analog computation of the AlN surface absorption ofα-Al 2 O 3 (0001) has been made. The analysis of the AlN surface absorption site and the structures of surface and interface finds that a 30° angle of deflection exists between AlN and the nearest surface. The stability of the chemical absorption eliminates the relaxation surface absorption of Al-O film and therefore benefits the formation of the wurtzite structure of AlN film.

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采用间歇振荡式水热晶化法在活性炭(AC)颗粒表面负载生长了 Silicalite-1分子筛膜。所得到的样品经 XRD、SEM 表征,证明了这种材料是具有类似于以 Silicalite-1为壳、AC 为核结构的包覆型复合分子筛薄膜材料。研究中还以此复合材料为吸附剂,用于苯/均三甲苯混合液为模拟体系的吸附研究。结果表明,此类复合材料对动力学半径较小的苯的吸附能力明显优于均三甲苯,具有显著的选择性吸附特征。
This paper presents a novel intermittent-kettle-shaking in-situ hydrothermal synthesis to prepare a Silicalite-1 membrane on the surface of activated carbon granule.The Sil-icalite-1/AC composites are characterized by XRD and SEM respectively.The results confirm that it has activated carbon core inside and Silicalite-1 membrane outside.The composite mate-rials are also tested in the adsorption of the mixture of benzene and mesitylene as an adsorbent. The composites show an outstanding perm-selectivity adsorption performance to the benzene.

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为提高生物冶金效率,研究了添加异亮氨酸对嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌胞外多聚物组分、嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌生长吸附能力的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,添加异亮氨酸的嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌生长周期明显缩短,Fe2+的耗尽时间缩短,培养后期Fe2+剩余量明显降低。最高菌密度提高17%,环境pH降低20.45%,胞外多聚物中蛋白质组分提高16.84%,多糖组分提高5.05%。培养时间为72h时,添加异亮氨酸的嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌菌液EPS吸附量为54.520 8μg·mL-1,比对照提高了44.05%。整个生长周期中,异亮氨酸对菌液中游离EPS含量影响不大。
In order to improve the efficiency of biological metallurgy ,the effect of isoleucine added to the liquid medium on extracellular polymeric component of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ,growth and adsorption capac-ity were studied .The results showed that compared with CK ,growth cycle of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans with isoleucine and consumption time of Fe2+ were shortened ,the highest cell density increased by 17% ,pH of medium decreased by 20 .45% ,protein content of extracellular polymeric increased by 16 .84% ,polysaccharide content increased by 5 .05% .The adsorption amount of EPS added isoleucine was 54 .520 8 μg·mL-1 for 72 h , increased by 44 .05% than CK .During the whole growth cycle ,isoleucine had little effect on dissociation of EPS .

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采用附晶生长法合成了HY/MCM-41复合分子筛,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、N2吸附脱附、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、智能重量分析仪(IGA)、吡啶原位红外(Py-IR)等技术对其物化性质进行了表征,发现HY/MCM-41复合分子筛具有微孔和介孔的双重孔道分布,且形貌为核壳结构。通过对金属Ce离子改性制得吸附剂的吸附脱硫性能考察,发现固相研磨法改性的吸附剂在空速为5h-1时吸附穿透硫容量可达1.81mg/g,大于液相离子交换法改性的吸附吸附穿透硫容量1.32mg/g。采用静态间歇法时,固相改性的吸附剂的脱硫率可达90.6%,高于液相改性的吸附剂脱硫率81.2%。同时发现,吸附剂表面的B酸对吸附脱硫有着抑制作用,而L酸尤其是弱的L酸的酸量与吸附脱硫性能有着正相关关系。
HY/MCM-41 meso-micro-porous composite materials composed of a core of HY zeolite and a thin layer of MCM-41 have been synthesized by the overgrown crystallization.The samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD),N2 adsorption-desorption,scanning electron microscope (SEM),transmission electron microscope (TEM),Pyridine in situ infrared (Py-IR)and Intelligent Gravimetric Analyzer (IGA)instruments.It was found that the composite material exhibited both properties of mesoporous MCM-41 and microporous HY-zeolite sieves.Adsorptive desulfurization performances of Ce ion supported over the synthesized composites as a sulfur adsorbent were evaluated.It was found that when the adsorbent was prepared by a solid-state grinding method with sulfur capacity of 1.81 mg/g can be obtained.While for the liquid ion exchange method,only 1.32 mg/g sulfur capacity can be reached.Through the batch methods it is found that for the former modified adsorbents the desulfurization degree can be r

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