元前期剧作家郑廷玉精心结撰的讽刺喜剧《看钱奴》包含着极其丰富、深厚的文化意蕴。在前人的研究基础上,细勘元、明刊本,将其文化意蕴归纳为4个方面:对元前期为富不仁、社会不公等罪恶现象的愤怒控诉;深切揭示金钱对人和人类社会的腐蚀;殷切呼唤儒家传统美德;对神佛威力、因果报应等宗教迷信的宣扬。

The satirical comedy Miser,written by Zheng Ting-yu,an early Yuan dramatist,contains ex-tremely abundant and profound connotation.On the basis of the former researches and careful examination of the versions of the Yuan and Ming dynasties,the paper summarizes its cultural connotation as the fol-lowing aspects:a resentful complaint of being rich but immoral,and social inj ustice in the early Yuan Dy-nasty;a deep revelation of the erosion of money on human beings and human society;an ardent calling for the traditional virtues of Confucian school;and an advocate of such religious superstition as power of god and Buddha,and karma.

《了凡四训》是明代影响很大的一部劝善书,该书的《立命篇》阐述了"命由我作,福自己求"的"立命之学"思想。这一"立命"观的思想基础是传统儒家思想和佛教思想。它强调因果报应、端庄态度、清净本心,教导人们通过自己的努力,通过一系列的方法积善成德、改变命运。在当今社会,这一"立命"观对当前良好社会风尚的形成和个人道德的培养具有重要意义。

Four Instructions from Liaofan is an influential book advocating virtues in the Ming Dynasty .The Chap-ter of Desnity in the book expresses the thinking of “grasping destiny and achieving success by oneself”, which is grounded on the Confucianism and the Buddhist thoughts .The ideologies attach great importance to retributive jus-tice, modesty attitude and peace heart , and enlighten people to accumulate merits and change the life through own efforts.It is of great importance to civilize good social morality and personal moral in current times .

在古希腊,"爱神话"与"爱智慧"彼此密切相关,犹如硬币之两面.柏拉图在对话中经常以神话喻说达到"话语转向"的戏剧性效果.在 的结尾处,柏拉图通过讲述厄洛斯魂游冥界的神话故事,一方面喻示因果报应式的道德训诫,另一方面表明哲学作为"爱智之学"对选择人生道路的重要意义,从而以"言有尽而意无穷"的方式彰显出诗性智慧的特有神韵.

The interlink between myth and wisdom in Hellenic heritage is characteristically embodied in the Platonic philosophizing as regards the education and enculturation of the human psyche.As is read in the end of The Republic,the myth of Er turns out to be a philosophical rewriting of poetry to a large degree.For it engagingly reveals Plato''s moral inculcation,philosophical instruction and poetic wisdom in particular,all of which are intended to guide human conduct along the right track for the bliss of the postmortem cycle,and put philosophy learning into first priority for the choice of the future life.Moreover,the transmigrate experience in the mystic overtone of"the Orphic-Pythagorean conglomerate"is discussed with a intercultural reference to the Buddhist doctrines of samsara and karma.

乔治·艾略特的《织工马南传》一向被视作因果报应的道德寓言，其中大量涉及巫术与祛魅的神秘话语却被忽略。这些神秘话语有其深刻的文化意涵，在艾略特的小说叙事中，这一组相互作用的神秘语汇充满传统文化的色彩，微妙地调节着维多利亚时代农村社区的人际模式与道德秩序，是艾略特塑造“快乐英格兰”这一人文理想的必要话语资源。

George Eliot’Silas Marner has always been regarded as a moral fable about Karma,however, the magic and disenchantment discourses in text are neglected correspondingly.The magic discourse has profound cultural connotation and is full of traditional sense in Eliot’s novel,which accommodates subtly the human relationship as well as moral order in rural area .They are important discourse sources for the author to construct the Merry England.

敦煌变文是敦煌文献极其重要的组成部分，在写卷特征上，往往同一变文有多份抄本，这些抄本的残阙情况与命名纷繁复杂；写卷中存在大量的俗字、讹字、假借字、避讳字；同一个变文故事，有时候会出现两套写作模式。敦煌变文追求喜闻乐见，导民向善的编纂效果，具体表现为丰富多样的撰写形式、方言俚语俗语的大量应用、将众多人物的事迹集中于一人、因果报应教导人们向善戒恶、图文并茂。

Dunhuang narrative literature is an important component of the Dunhuang literature. The characteristics of the manuscripts lie in that for a single narrative literature there are multiple transcripts, which are complicated with incomplete volumes and various names. And there are a large number of popular characters, mistaken characters, borrowed characters and taboo characters. Moreover, sometimes a single narrative literary story has two writing modes. Dunhuang narrative literature appeals to interesting and educative compiling effects, which is embodied in the use of colorful writing forms, dialects, slangs and common sayings. And it tends to concentrate various events happened on different people on a single character, and with both text and figure it aims to educate reader karma and goodness.