本文以成长主题为框架,以马克·吐温的代表作《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》为文本研究对象,对小说主人公哈克贝利·费恩的出走、困惑、顿悟进行阐述,揭示哈克的心路成长历程。

This paper, taking the theme of the Bildungsroman as the framework, elaborates on the protagonist Huckleberry Finn’s escaping, confusion and epiphany in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn which is the masterpiece of Mark Twain, pointing out Huck’s process of achieving spiritual growth and maturity.

马克·吐温在其名著《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》中运用了大量的死亡意象。通过这些意象，马克·吐温表达了他对当时美国社会的痛恨，希望它能随着死亡逝去。但从另一方面看，死亡又意味着重生，因此，这些死亡意象同时也表达了马克·吐温对新社会、新理想的追求。然而，面对当时特定的社会环境，马克·吐温虽然表达了他的愿望，但是这个愿望是否能够实现，他对此也陷入了矛盾和迷惘之中。

A lot of death images are used in"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn"written by Mark Twain. By using these death images, Mark Twain expresses his hate towards the American so-ciety, hoping it passes away with its death. On the other hand, death means rebirth. So, these death images also express Mark Twain''s pursuit of a new society and his new ideal. Although he expresses his wish, Mark Twain is in a contradiction and at a loss whether his wish can come true, facing the special social envi-ronment of that time.

尤金·奈达从语言学的角度出发，根据翻译的本质，提出了著名的“动态对等”理论，后发展为“功能对等”理论。功能对等不仅包括词汇意义上的对等，还包括语义、风格和文化的对等，只有当译文从语言形式到文化内涵都再现了源语言的风格和精神时，译作才能被称作是优秀的作品。运用功能对等理论，以《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》两种中译本为研究对象，从意义、风格、文化三个方面对其进行对比分析，探讨如何在文学翻译的过程中实现功能对等，从而论证功能对等理论对文学作品翻译的指导意义。

According to the nature of translation, Eugene A. Nida puts forward the famous theory of Dynamic Equivalence from the linguistic point of view, which later develops into Functional Equivalence Theory. Functional equivalence includes not only lexical equivalence, but also semantic, stylistic and cultural equivalence. A translation can be regarded as a good one only if it achieves functional equivalence in meaning and style. In light of Functional Equivalence Theory, the author makes a comparative study of two Chinese versions of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Through analysis of corresponding excerpts from three per-spectives, namely, meaning, style and culture, the paper discusses how to achieve functional equivalence in process of literary translation and testifies that Functional Equivalence Theory is instructive and meaningful to literary translation.