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双语推荐：平纹织物

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分别对天丝、莫代尔的平纹织物和斜纹织物进行力学性能测试,结果表明:天丝织物的拉伸断裂强度和撕裂强力优于莫代尔织物,但是耐磨性能不如莫代尔织物;对于同种纤维的织物,平纹织物的拉伸断裂性能、耐磨性能优于斜纹织物,而斜纹织物的撕裂强力却优于平纹织物。
This experiment studied the mechanical properties of plain weave fabric and twill weave fabric made of Tencelland Modal, the results showed that the tensile breaking strength and tearing strength of Tencellfabric is better than that of Modal fabric, but the wear resistance is inferior to Modal fabric; For the same fiber fabric, the breaking strength performance and wear-resisting performance of plain weave fabric is superior to the twill fabric, but the tearing strength of twill fabric is superior to plain fabric.

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为探讨不同结构形式织物对复合材料力学性能的影响及其损伤破坏机制之间的差异，通过宏观拉压试验，研究了经编及平纹碳纤维织物增强树脂基复合材料的拉伸及压缩力学性能，并利用声发射对试验过程进行实时监测，对破坏后的断口进行显微镜观察分析，分别给出了两种材料的拉伸和压缩破坏机制。研究结果表明：织物结构形式对复合材料的力学性能有较大影响，与经编织物复合材料相比，平纹织物复合材料的拉伸、压缩强度均较低，且其拉伸、压缩破坏试样的断口相对齐平，分层现象不明显；根据声发射监测结果可以判定两种复合材料损伤过程中的损伤类型，与经编织物相比，平纹织物复合材料拉／压过程中的声发射电压信号相对稳定且整体强度较低。
The tensile and compressive properties of warp?knitting and plain woven carbon fiber composites were studied by the macro tensile and compression test, and acoustic emission analysis and microscopy analysis of the fracture surface of destroyed specimens were adopted to realize the failure mechanism of tensile and compression deeply. The results show that the fabric structural forms have great influence on mechanical performance of carbon fiber composites. Compared with warp?knitting carbon fiber composites, plain woven carbon fiber composites have lower tensile and compressive strength, the fracture of the destroyed specimens were much more regularly, and the stratification phenomena was not obvious. On the acoustic emission analysis, the types of damage can be determined in the process of destruction. Compared with warp?knitting carbon fiber composites, plain woven carbon fiber composites have relatively stable but lower acoustic emission voltage signal.

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选取线密度合适的苎麻纱线,设计二维和三维苎麻机织物结构和参数,制备以二维和三维苎麻机织物作为增强体,增强酚醛树脂作为联结基质,蜂窝夹层作为芯层的复合材料,结果表明复合材料成型良好。以苎麻纤维作为增强体,分析不同的编织方式对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:采用三维缎纹织物作为增强体的复合材料,其抗冲击、抗弯曲和抗拉伸性能要明显高于二维平纹结构夹层材料和三维平纹织物增强的复合材料。
Ramie yarn with proper linear density was selected, 2D and 3D ramie woven fabric structures and parameters were designed . The composite materials using 2 D and 3 D ramie woven fabric as enhancement , reinforced phenolic resin as the coupling matrix and honeycomb sandwich as the core layer were made . The results show that the composites can be made with good shape .The effect of different ways of weaving on the mechanical properties of composite materials was analyzed .The results show that the impact resistance, bending resistance and tensile resistance of the composite material using 3D satin fabric as reinforcement are significantly higher than those of 2 D plain structure sandwich material and 3 D plain fabric reinforced composite material .

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以同样规格的普通涤纶、细旦亲水涤纶、易染涤纶、棉及涤棉混纺平纹织物（共8种）为研究对象,采用织物风格评价系统（KES-FB）对各织物进行拉伸、剪切、弯曲、压缩及表面性能测试和风格研究。结果表明：纯涤纶织物较纯棉、涤棉混纺织物抗形变能力强,回弹性和保形性优良,手感松软、丰满、爽利;纯棉织物的悬垂性、抓握柔感和滑糯感占有优势;细旦亲水涤纶织物较为硬板、爽滑。
This paper took 8 kinds of plain weave fabric as the research objects, including conventional polyester fabric, fine-denier hydrophilic polyester fabric, easy-to-dye polyester fabric, pure cotton fabric and polyester/cotton blended fabric. Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-FB) was used for testing their properties such as tensile, shearing, bending, compressive and surface performance and for studying fabric styles. The results show that the pure polyester fabric has better anti-deformation ability, resilience and shape retention than pure cotton fabric and polyester/cotton blended fabric;the pure cotton fabric is superior in terms of draping property, gripping softness and smoothness, while the fine-denier hydrophilic polyester fabric has harder and more subtle handle.

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为提高织物疵点自动检测的准确度，提出一种基于傅里叶特征谱和相关系数的织物疵点检测算法。以平纹、斜纹织物为研究对象，对织物图像进行傅里叶变换，得到织物图像的频谱图；定位频谱中的特征峰点，提取表征图像灰度、纹理的五个特征值；以正常织物为模板，计算待检图像特征值与模板图像特征值之间的相关系数，确定用于识别织物疵点的阈值，来实现织物疵点检测。实验结果表明：当阈值设定为0.80时，该算法能够实现稀密路、断经、吊经、纬缩、破洞等常见疵点的准确检测。
A detection algorithm based on characteristic spectrum of Fourier transform and correlation coefficient is put forward to improve the accuracy of automatic fabric defect detection. With plain weave and twill fabrics as the researched objects, the frequency spectrum diagram of fabric image can be obtained by Fourier transform. The characteristic peaks in the spectrum are located and five characteristic parameters of image gray and texture are extracted. Correlation coefficients between characteristic parameters of being detected images and the template image are calculated using the faultless fabric as a template, and then the threshold value of defect detection is determined to realize the defect detection. Experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper can achieve accurate detection of common defect, such as weft crackiness, cracked ends, stretched warp, looped weft, holes and so on, when the threshold is set as 0.80.

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为实现织物疵点自动检测,本文应用Mallat算法对织物图像进行小波分解,并根据织物组织结构特点,对纬向子图和经向子图分别提取能量、熵、极差、方差和逆差矩5个特征值,同时以平纹坯布为实验对象,对白杠、断纬、破洞、反丝、杂纤维、掉扣、飞花、色污等多种常见疵点进行特征值提取实验,实验结果表明,织物疵点使织物图像在经纬方向产生不规则纹理,通过提取特征值可得出织物疵点图像在不同特征值曲线处均有明显变化。该研究对判定疵点的存在、分析疵点的走向与"形状"具有参考价值。
In order to realize automatic fabric defect detection,Mallat algorithm has been used to imple-ment wavelet decomposition of a fabric image.According to fabric texture''s structure characteristics,five eigenvalues,namely the energy,entropy,extreme difference,variance and inverse difference,were ex-tracted from weft sub-image and warp sub-image respectively.In this paper,the tabby cloth was cho-sen as experimental obj ect,and the eigenvalue extraction experiments were carried on various common de-fects,such as white streak,weft-lacking,broken hole,anti-silk,miscellaneous fiber,buckle-off, loom fly,unclean color and so on,and the eigenvalue changes caused by different “strip-shape”defects and “area-shape”defects were analyzed,and the correlativity between eigenvalue changes and defect trend.The results showed that the method has the inference value to determine the existence of defects, defect analysis of the direction and “shape”has the reference value.

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经编提花间隔织物是一种三维立体成形织物，一面具有丰富的花纹效应，另一面为平纹或网眼结构。经编提花间隔织物作为文胸面料，不仅服用性能优良，美观时尚，而且可经简单的缝合或模压成形直接制成罩杯。文章围绕经编提花3D文胸面料的设计与开发展开研究，介绍了经编提花3D文胸面料的特点，阐述了该类织物的花型设计和工艺设计方法，结合实例从生产设备、生产原料、组织结构、工艺设计、上机织造和后整理等方面详细说明了3D文胸面料的开发流程。
Warp-knitted jacquard space fabric is a kind of three-dimensional fabric produced on double-needle bed Raschel machine with one jacquard bar. It is composed of upper fabric, lower fabric and interlayer fabric, and one surface is rich in pattern for the jacquard bar’s effect. As brassiere fabrics, warp-knitted jacquard 3D fabrics not only have the characteristics of amenity, beauty, but also can be directly made into brassieres by simple suture or molding. In this paper, the design and development of warp-knitted jacquard 3D brassiere fabrics was researched. Firstly, the characteristics of warp knitted jacquard space fabrics were introduced. Secondly, the pattern design requirements of warp-knitted jacquard spacer brassiere fabrics were explained. Thirdly, the process planning methods of warp-knitted jacquard 3D fabrics for brassiere were described in detail, including knitting machines, the raw materials, stitches, ifnishing and other aspects. Finally, the development proces

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长丝的牵伸倍数是在纺制氨纶包芯纱时的重要参数,包芯纱的捻度、织机筘幅及织物经纬密度都与织物缩率有直接关系。分析了包芯纱捻度、长丝牵伸倍数与缩率的关系。结果表明:其他条件相同时,坯布的缩率会随着捻度的增加而减小,随着氨纶丝牵伸倍数的增加而增加,平纹缩率﹥斜纹缩率﹥缎纹缩率。
The draft multiple of polyurethane fiber is an important parameter in core spun yarn, and there are direct relations among twist of corn-spun yarn, loom reed size and textile density with the shrinkage of textile. The relation among twist, pre-draw multiple and shrink of fabrics were analyzed. The results show that the shrinkage of fabric decreased with the increase of twist, while increased with the draft ratio of polyurethane, and the rangeability of fabric shrinkage was as follow:plain﹥twill﹥satin.

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运用树脂在纤维束内和纤维束间的耦合流动模型，结合Darcy定律，建立平纹织物的单胞模型，模拟预测单胞Z方向的渗透率，并通过改变单胞厚度尺寸参数研究纤维体积分数与渗透率的关系。结果表明：单胞的渗透率随着纤维体积分数的增加而减小，模拟结果与Kozeny－Carman方程对比，二者偏差很小，且在纤维体积分数52．5％处重合，表明该计算方案是合理的。
Simulation resin flow behavior by coupling the inter-tow and intra-tow flows,combined with Darcy''s law,a u-nit cell of the plain fabric was established.The permeability of unit cell was simulated on the Z directions,and changed the parameters of thickness of unit cell to study relationship between fiber volume fraction and permeability.The results show that permeability decreases with the increase of fiber volume fraction,the simulation results compared with Kozeny-Carman equation,the difference is very small,and in the volume fraction 52.5% overlap,indicates that the calculation program is reasonable.

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对特定铺层的5224/CF3052平纹织物复合材料层合板进行了低速冲击和冲击后拉伸、压缩及弯曲试验。探讨了层合板在冲击试验过程中的损伤过程、特征和机理;分析了凹坑深度对层合板冲击后拉伸、压缩和弯曲强度的影响规律。结果表明:冲击后拉伸、压缩及弯曲强度降幅分别为60.9%、50.4%及28.4%,冲击后拉伸强度降幅最大,应引起注意。与冲击后压缩试验结果类似,凹坑深度与冲击后拉伸、弯曲剩余强度关系曲线存在拐点现象。
The tensile、compressive and flexural strength were tested for 5224/CF3052 plain weave composite laminates after impact.The influence of dent depth on the tensile、compressive and flexural strength of laminates was researched .The results show that decreasing amplitude of tensile、compressive and flexural strength were 60.9%,50.4%,and 28.4%,the biggest decreasing amplitude was tensile strength after impact which should be noticed .There is infection in the relation curve of the dent depth and tensile ,compressive,flexural strength.

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