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双语推荐:文化存在

语言与文化密不可分,故翻译活动总是发生于不同的文化之间。在一种文化存在的预设在另一种文化中不一定存在。在翻译成都市温江区景区解说词时,运用了增词、省略和改写等翻译方法对其中的文化预设信息进行了处理。
Since language and culture are inseparable , translation activities unavoidably involve cultural contact .Some presup-positions may be available to native speakers , yet unavailable to people in another culture .Translation methods like addition , omis-sion and paraphrasing are applied to treat cultural presupposition information when translating scenic spots introductions in Wenjiang District, Chengdu .

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对88名高中生跨文化敏感度进行调查发现,大部分高中生的跨文化敏感度属于中等偏上水平。在跨文化敏感度量表五个维度中,差异认同感最高,其次是交际参与度、交际愉悦感、交际专注度、交际信心。交际参与度与跨文化敏感度相关最高,且与其他四个维度显著正相关。跨文化敏感度存在显著的性别差异,女生跨文化敏感度更高。跨文化敏感度存在显著的文理科班差异,文科班学生跨文化敏感度更高。高中生英语成绩与跨文化敏感度存在高度正相关关系。
By investigating 88 high school students’ intercultural sensitivity, it is found that a large propor-tion of high school students’ intercultural sensitivity is above average level. Among the five dimensions of inter-cultural sensitivity, respect for cultural difference ranks the highest, followed by interaction engagement, interac-tion enjoyment, interaction attentiveness, and interaction confidence is the lowest. Intercultural engagement has the highest corelation with intercultural sensitivity, and it also corelates with the four other dimensions of inter-cultural sensitivity. Intercultural sensitivity has significant gender difference. Female students tend to have higher intercultural sensitivity. Intercultural sensitivity also has significant difference between art students and science students. Art students have higher intercultural sensitivity. English achievement has highly positive correlation with intercultural sensitivity.

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无锡在城市文化品牌打造方面虽然取得了一些成就,但也存在诸多不足,本文分析了无锡城市文化品牌建设存在的不足,并提出了无锡城市文化品牌打造的有效路径。
Wuxi has made some achievements in the city culture brand building. However improving space still exists. The paper analyzes the shoutcoming in cultural brand building of Wuxi and proposes an effective path for Wuxi to build its cultural brand.

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体育文化是大学文化甚至是教育文化中的重要组成部分,在长期的历史文化背景下,能够反映出文化的传统性和民族性特征,然而我国大学体育教育还存在较为严重的文化缺失现象,主要表现为思想游离、价值扭曲和精神失衡等。究其根本,可以发现在体育教育过程中的文化存在失范、文化理解偏差和文化表达不畅是其文化缺失的主要归因。这需要通过对文化存在、理解和表达的文化化的梳理和统一,不断构建大学体育教育文化的系统化的科学发展,在继承和发扬优秀传统文化的基础上,实现体育文化与大学的文化的融合和通达,最终为大学体育教育的文化重构提供可能的理论层面的程序化对策性知识体系。
Physical culture is an important component of university culture or even educational culture , and it can reflect the traditional and ethnical feature of culture under the long historical and cultural background. However,there exists a phenomenon of severe culture deficiency in the national physical education ,including dissociation of thoughts , distortion of values and imbalance of spirits among universities . When probing the fundamental sources,we can find the anomie culture in the process of physical education,and it mainly attributes to the understanding deviation and expression unsmoothness of physical culture. Therefore ,this phenomenon can be solved by combing and integrating the existence ,understanding and expression of physical culture and by constructing the scientific development of university physical education system ,so that we can bring about the integration smoothness and of physical and university culture on the basis of carrying forward and promoting the excellent

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文化移植是在民族文化资源开发过程出现的一种文化现象。文化变迁是文化移植的深层原因,民族文化富含生产力是文化移植的直接原因。文化移植现象,主要存在直接移植和间接移植两种途径。通过文化移植,民族文化得到了较好的传承,同时文化移植也使得民族文化发生了变异,出现了表层性的肤浅的文化甚至是出现了虚假的文化现象。文化移植现象必将在民族文化资源的开发中一直存在,在规避其负面作用的前提下,尽量发挥对民族文化的传承功能。
Cultural transplantation is a cultural phenomenon occurred in the development of national culture resources. Cultural change is the deep reason of cultural transplantation, national culture is rich in productivity is the direct cause of cultural transplantation. Cultural transplantation phenomenon, there are two main ways of direct and indirect transplantation transplantation. Through cultural transplantation, ethnic culture better inheritance, and cultural transplantation also makes the national culture and the change of the surface, superficial culture even a cultural phenomenon of false. The phenomenon of cultural transplantation will always exist in the development of national culture resources on the premise, to avoid the negative effects, try to play on the inheritance of ethnic culture function.

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文化创意产业与传统产业存在很大的差异性,主要体现在会计目标,产品成本,智力资本会计,研发支出方面的核算上,在现有会计准则的衡量下,传统产业运用会计制度比较合适,文章通过对文化创意产业存在的若干会计问题进行探究,找出文化创意产业会计存在的问题与解决的方法,提供一些有利于文化创意产业研究的有用信息。①
Cultural and creative industries and traditional industries there is a big difference, mainly reflected in the account-ing objectives, product cost, intellectual capital accounting, R&D expenditures of accounting, under existing GAAP mea-sure, the traditional industries more appropriate use of the accounting system, through a number of accounting issues existing in the cultural and creative industries to explore, identify cultural and creative industries accounting problems and solutions, and provide some useful information conducive to the study of cultural and creative industries.

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从历史经验看,中国古代传统主流文化存在“信仰缺乏症”,带有宗教特征的巫文化与主流文化结合,部分地满足了人们的宗教信仰需求,表现出对传统主流文化的占位效应。在当下中国,由于大量具有宗教情结人口的存在,宗教信仰作为一项次好的选择,能够发挥对邪教的文化挤出效应。
Judging by historical experience, witcheries with religious characteristics partially satisfied people''s religious demands when combined with the mainstream culture as a result of the"belief deifciency"in ancient China. In contemporary China, as a better choice, religious belief has a crowding-out effect on cult because a large number of people have a religious complex.

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文化下乡隶属国家治理体系的有机整体,构成了我国中央顶层设计的重要价值面向。公共文化服务既是文化治理的存在形态,亦是文化扬弃的过程。新型城镇化布局昭示了乡村人口离土时代的到来,随着乡村精英与文化断裂的共荣共生,文化脉络的续延面临着秩序危机和公共性消解的窘境。从公共文化服务的价值演变过程来看,存在从人情文化到契约文化、臣民文化到公民文化,专制文化到民主文化,个体文化到集体文化四重价值赓续理路。因此,要不断消解乡村公共文化发展的惯性认知,建构城乡一体化的公共文化服务共同体。
The culture to countryside is attached to the national governance system,which constitutes the important value of Chinas central top design.Public cultural service is not only the culture management but also the cultural self-development and discarding process.The new urbanization layout predicts the arrival of an era of rural population leaving their homeland.Along with the co-existence of rural elites and culture rupture,the continuation of cultural history has faced a dilemma of crisis of order and public reso-lution.Viewing from the value evolution process of public cultural service,there exist four values evolu-tion logic-human culture to culture of contract,subject culture to the civic culture,cultural tyranny to democracy culture,individual culture to the collective culture.Its necessary to construct the public cul-tural service in the integration of urban and rural community.

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美国梦、中国梦,这两个表面上很相似的文化术语,孕育于美中两国截然不同的文化,不可避免地存在着很大的差异。但它们作为人类文明的成果,或者作为各自不同历史时期的主流文化的代表,也存在着一些相似点。笔者试图通过跨文化的视角,分析两者的不同点和共同点。通过分析,笔者认为,两者在诞生时期、发展趋势、概念内涵、文化背景、倡导的根本价值观方面存在较大差异,但在历史作用、实现途径等方面也存在着某些共同点。
American Dream and Chinese Dream,the two seemingly similar cultural terms,which originate from American and Chinese culture respectively,have got significant differences inevitably.However,being the symbol of their respective mainstream culture,they share certain similarities.From an inter-cultural perspective, the paper is to analyze the differences and similarities between the two Dreams.The author concludes that Ameri-can Dream and Chinese Dream differ significantly in emerging period,development trends,conceptual connotation, cultural background and advocated cultural values,but they do share certain similarities in their own historical roles and realization approaches.

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隐喻不仅是一种修辞手法,而且是一种思维方式和文化反映。英、汉语中存在大量饮食隐喻,英汉饮食隐喻虽有共性,但更多的是存在差异。探讨英汉饮食隐喻存在的差异以及引起这些差异的文化原因,对加深认识隐喻、了解中西文化差异以及成功进行跨文化交际具有积极的意义。
Metaphor is not only a rhetorical technique,but also a way of thinking and a reflection of culture. There are abundant diet metaphors both in English and Chinese who have more differences than similarities. This paper summarizes the differences of diet metaphors between English and Chinese and then further analyzes the causes that result in the differences from a cultural perspective. This study will play a positive role in deep-ening the understanding of metaphor,illustrating the differences between Chinese culture and Western culture and promoting cross-culture communication.

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