研究了当市场中同时存在战略顾客和短视顾客时零售商的最优定价与容量选择问题。零售商在正常销售阶段和出清销售阶段制定不同的销售价格,同时通过容量选择影响战略顾客的购买行为,而战略顾客则根据零售商的定价和容量选择确定最优购买时机。分别分析了零售商在无限容量时的定价决策、固定价格时的容量选择、固定容量时的定价决策以及有限容量下的定价与容量选择四种情形。研究结果表明,零售商在无容量限制时的最优定价决策是制定两阶段定价策略,在固定价格时的最优容量选择依赖于模型的参数,而当零售商的容量固定时,部分满足出清销售阶段的顾客需求始终优于完全满足出清销售阶段的顾客需求。

The retailer’ s optimal pricing and capacity choice problem is investigated when there are both strategic customers and myopic customers in the market .The retailer determines different prices in the regular period and clearance period , and limits the availability of the product by creating rationing risk via capacity choice .The strategic customer times their purchases in respond to the retailer ’ s pricing policy and capacity choice .The four cases , which are pricing policy with infinite capacity , capacity choice with fixed prices , pricing policy with finite capacity and optimizing both prices and capacity , are investigated , respectively .The research illustrates that the optimal pricing policy with infinite capacity is to segment the market by determining different prices in the regular period and clearance period;the optimal capacity choice with fixed prices is dependent on the parameters of the model;and in the case of pricing policy with finite capacity , it is

就一个运营网络购物的供应链，分析物流服务需求方和服务提供方的定价和服务水平决策等问题。在成本共担优化模型中考虑基于顾客购买行为意向的产品需求函数，进而分别给出非合作、准合作和完全合作模式下供应链企业决策间的关系，以及网购顾客重购概率对最优定价策略的影响。结论有：证明三种合作模式下双方最优策略的存在性及存在条件；给出最优产品定价策略和服务定价策略间的数量关系，并证明其与网购顾客行为意向有关。数值分析表明，最优定价策略随服务水平和网购顾客重购概率的变化趋势受成本共担系数的影响；较小的成本分摊系数使最优产品定价随着服务水平和网购顾客重购概率的变化幅度增大。

The paper mainly focuses on pricing and service level strategies in a logistics service supply chain with a service demander , a service provider and online shoppers .Product demand is based on online shoppers ’ repeated purchase probability .The service demander has to determine the product price and a coefficient of sha-ring logistics costs with the service provider .The service provider must make decision on logistics service price . Both firms want to maximize their expected profits .We propose models to analyze the optimal product price , service price and their relationship affected by the repeated buying probability under non -cooperation , perfect-co-operation and quasi -cooperation mode respectively , strategies of service level as well .The existence of the opti-mal strategies is proved .The quantitative relationship between the optimal product price and service price is giv-en,which depends on parameters of customers ’ purchase behavior intention .The numerical e

针对由网络直销渠道和电子零售渠道组成的双渠道供应链进行研究。基于制造商和零售商之间的谈判能力对比,通过博弈建模分析了三种零售价定价模式下供应链成员的价格决策和物流服务水平决策。研究表明,在制造商谈判能力较弱的情况下,制造商统一定价模式是最优模式;在制造商谈判能力较强的情况下,以直销价格为协商基础的分别定价模式是最优模式;在最优模式下,制造商和供应链的利润都显著占优,电子零售商提供的物流服务水平也相应最高,但电子零售商的利润受定价模式的影响不显著,最优模式也是双方接受的均衡策略。

This paper investigated a supply chain with a direct channel and e-tail channel. Under different bargaining power owned by manufacturer or e-tailer, it analyzed the pricing decision and logistic service level decision of supply chain member by using game theory under three pricing schemes. It was found that uniform pricing decided by manufacturer was optimal when the manufacturer''s bargaining power was weak, and unequal pricing scheme with wholesale price negotiated based on direct sale price was optimal when the manufacturer''s bargaining power was strong. Under these optimal pricing schemes, the profit of supply chain and manufacturer was dominant and the logistic service level was highest. The profit of e-tailer was slightly influenced by pricing scheme, so the optimal pricing scheme might be the equilibrium strategies accepted by chain members.

为了研究响应时间对信息系统运维服务定价的影响及不同响应时间下的最优定价，构建了纳什均衡理论模型，利用博弈论的方法，研究了在信息系统运维服务双寡头垄断市场中，且处于不完全信息下，两家信息系统运维服务提供商如何在不同的响应时间下进行其最佳定价行为选择，发现响应时间对信息系统运维服务提供商的影响明显，得出了最优价格和利润的计算模型，为信息系统运维服务提供商的定价提供了一定的参考依据。

In order to study the impact of the response time on the pricing of information system operation and maintenance services and the optimal pricing under the different response times,this paper constructs a Nash e-quilibrium theoretical models,in the duopoly market of information systems operation and maintenance services and in an incomplete information,using the game theory to study the two information systems operation and main-tenance service provider how to make a optimal pricing behavior choice under different response times. We found that the impact of the response time on the information system operation and maintenance service provider was ob-vious,and obtained the best price and profit calculation model. All of this can provide a certain reference for in-formation systems operation and maintenance service provider to pricing.

在资金时间价值影响背景下,以仅有网店渠道的销售商为研究对象,为在期末能将产品销售完毕并最大化其收益,在假设顾客所订商品由卖家免费配送,并且顾客在收到产品之前可以取消订单的前提下,通过建模给出了销售商期初的最优订货量、期内价格调整的最佳次数及每阶段的最优价格的动态定价求解算法。最后的算例分析表明模型和算法是有效的,且动态定价相对于静态定价能带来更大的收益。

Under the context of the time value, a retailer only with the online shop was researched as the object. Thus, in order to sell out all products at the end of the sell time and maximize the revenue, assuming the customer can cancelltheir orders prior to the receipt of the product and the delivery is free. The seller''s optimal order quantity and the dynamic pricing strategy were given through a mathematical model. Finally, Numerical example shows the effectiveness of the model and the algorithm,and the superiority of dynamic pricing strategy compared with the static strategy.