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双语推荐：溴化镧探测器

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用60 Coγ源和搭建的电子学测量系统,测量了自制塑料闪烁探测器、3英寸的溴化镧探测器和电子学系统的时间分辨率,得到了圣戈班公司生产的3英寸溴化镧探测器的时间分辨率为（283.2±0.9）ps.
Using a gamma radioactive source and a self-made electronic apparatus the time resolu-tion of a 3-inch LaBr3 detector made by Saint Gobain Company (France) was measured .During the experiment ,a plastic scintillation detector was used as a trigger ,the time resolution of the plastic scintillation detectors and the electronics were measured respectively .According to the measured re-sults ,the time resolution of the LaBr3 detector was (283 .2 ± 0 .9) ps .

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掺铈溴化镧（LaBr3∶Ce）及掺铈氯化镧（LaCl3∶Ce）是近年来出现的性能优良的新型无机闪烁体。本文对LaBr3∶Ce和LaCl3∶Ce电流型闪烁探测器的性能进行了研究，计算了探测器的相对灵敏度随入射γ射线能量的变化曲线，测定了其对137 Cs和60 Co的灵敏度，并检验了其γ/n分辨本领。结果表明，溴化镧和氯化镧探测器具有较高的γ灵敏度响应和γ/n分辨，适于测量低强度快脉冲中子、γ混合场中的γ射线束。
LaBr3 ∶Ce and LaCl3 ∶Ce which exhibit superior ability in detection of γ-rays have been studied extensively in recent years .The properties for both of the LaBr3 ∶Ce scintillation detector and the LaCl3 ∶Ce scintillation detector were studied .The relative sensitivities to incident γ-rays of different energy were obtained by calculation .The sensitivities of detectors to the 137 Cs and 60 Co sources were measured and the sensitivity ratio of γ-ray to neutron was inspected .The result shows that the LaBr3 ∶Ce and LaCl3 ∶Ce scintillation detectors with high sensitivities to γ-rays and good γ/n discrimination are very appropriate for measurement in the mixed field by neutrons and γ-rays .

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以铈离子激活的溴化澜晶体（ LaBr3：Ce3＋）是近年来发现的一种新型无机闪烁体材料，因其具有较高的光产额、较好的能量分辨率、较快的衰减时间等优良性质，对溴化镧和碘化钠闪烁晶体进行了对比性实验研究，用137 Cs、60 Co等标准源在低本底铅室中测量了γ能谱。通过对比，重点讨论了LaBr3（ Ce）与NaI（ Tl）闪烁探测器的能量分辨率和能量线性等性能指标。
Bromide activated with cerium ions Lan crystal ( LaBr3:Ce3 +) is the recent discovery of a new inor-ganic scintillator material, because it has excellent properties such as high light yield, good energy resolution, faster decay time, making it as a strong contender with the traditional sodium iodide scintillator material.This paper compares the performance of LaBr3(Ce) and NaI(Tl) and performs the actual measurements,, further validating the excellent performance and its value in applications of the new lanthanum bromide scintillation de-tector.

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针对水中放射性就地测量设备的效率刻度问题,提出一种用点源替代液体源进行效率刻度的方法。通过蒙卡计算,分别得到溴化镧探测器对点源和体源的光电峰计数概率,并建立起点源与体源效率刻度的对应关系,以便于在实际应用中简化水中放射性监测设备的效率刻度。
To address the problems in efficiency calibration of in-situ radioactivity measuring equipment ,an approach to efficiency calibration was presented using point source in lieu of liquid volume source .Through Monte Carlo calculation , photoelectric count efficiency of lanthanum bromide detector to point and volume sources are obtained respectively and the relationship of calibration efficiency were established between point and volume sources for simplified use of efficiency calibration in practice .

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通过堆外探测器的读数反演堆芯内的通量分布情况，通常需了解堆芯内各部分对探测器的贡献度。本文介绍了一种新方法来研究堆芯内各部分对探测器的贡献情况，通过编写蒙特卡罗程序实现中子输运模拟过程中记录中子的产生位置和反应位置，从而在进行探测器响应模拟时记录探测器吸收的中子的来源分布情况，得到堆芯内各处对探测器计数的贡献度。研究结果表明，探测器吸收的中子主要来自靠近探测器的3层组件，因此这3层组件中的通量对堆外探测器的计数影响最大。最外层组件、次外层组件和第3层组件对探测器的贡献度分别约为77％、20％、3％，该结果受通量分布影响较小，说明空间效应在各组件对探测器的贡献度问题中占主要作用。
It is necessary to know the contribution of each assembly when the in-core flux distribution based on the response of the ex-core detector is sdudied .A new method to study the contribution of each part in core to ex-core detector was introduced in this paper . The producing and reacting position of neutron in simulation neutron transportation was documented through writing Monte Carlo code , the distribution of the source of neutron received by detector in the process of simulating detector response was recorded , and the contribution of each part in core to detector was gained . The research result shows that neutron received by detector is mainly from three assemblies . The flux of these three assemblies has the greatest influence on ex-core detector counting . The contributions of outmost assembly , second assembly and third assembly are about 77% , 20% and 3% , respectively .Flux distribution has little effect on this result and it demonstrates that the spatial effect has an impor

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着火探测系统是民用飞机防火系统的组成部分之一，而感温探测器是该系统的主要设备。本文综述了民用飞机感温探测器的发展，重点对热敏电阻式感温探测器和气动式感温探测器进行了阐述，最后指出了感温探测器未来的发展趋势。
Fire detection system is one of the main subsystem of civil aircraft ifre protection systems, thermal detector is the main instrument of this system. This thesis introduced development of civil aircraft thermal detector, mainly described themistor thermal detector and pneumatic thermal detector, and the development trend of thermal detector in the future.

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CdZnTe（CZT）探测器是近年来迅速发展的新型半导体探测器,具有体积小、分辨率高、可在室温下工作等优点。论文通过分析探测器的噪声组成,并经过实验数据分析,证明了影响探测器性能的主要因素是探测器晶体内电荷收集不完全,并为探测仪器设计时的成形时间选择提供了参考。
Cadmium zinc telluride ( CZT) detector is a new type semiconductor detector, which develop rapidly in recent years.Thanks to the relatively high atomic number, high density and wide band-gap, CZT detector can possess sharp energy resolution and high detection efficiency without cryogenic cooling.This article proved that the main factors influencing the performances of the detector is the probe of charge incompletely collection via analysis of the noise of the CZT detectors and the experimental datum.Meanwhile provide a reference to choose shaping time in instrument design.

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红外焦平面探测器是一个主要由引线基板、硅读出电路、铟柱和探测器芯片组成的多层结构。由于材料层间热膨胀系数的差异,低温时探测器中会产生相当大的热应力,对探测器温度循环可靠性影响严重。为了考察红外焦平面探测器低温下的热应力情况,建立了探测器结构的有限元分析模型;利用该模型分析了引线基板热膨胀系数、弹性模量,及其厚度分别对Si、CdZnTe衬底类型的探测器热失配应力和形变的影响;根据对这两种类型探测器的分析结果,分别提出了相应的改进方法,并对方法进行了计算验证。
Infrared focal plane array detector has a multilayer configuration which is mainly composed of electrical lead board,Si-ROIC,indium bumps and detector chip. Substantial thermal stress is generated in the IRFPA packaging as-sembly at cryogenic temperature due to the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE)of various materials in the assembly,which affects the thermal cycling reliability significantly. A finite element analysis model for investiga-tion of thermal stress distribution in detector at cryogenic temperature is established. This model is utilized to analyze the influence of CTE,Young′s modulus and thickness of electrical lead board on thermal stress and warpage for Si and CdZnTe substrate detectors;Some improved methods are presented respectively according to the analytical results for two kinds of detectors,and these methods are verified by calculation.

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利用激光干涉光刻技术制备大面积表面微结构的方法对探测器表面进行处理，实验与测试表明，此方法能够增加探测器对信号的吸收率及提高探测器的光电转换效率，达到提高探测器灵敏度的目的。
The laser interference lithography technique was used to prepare large area surface microstructure to process the detector surface. The experiments and tests show that the method can increase the signal absorptivity of detector and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of detector,and then improve detector sensitivity.

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对激光损伤四象限探测器对制导武器的影响进行了研究。首先,简述了激光硬损伤光电探测器机理和四象限探测器目标探测定位原理;接着,建立四象限探测器模型,针对不同损伤情况,计算了归一化探测曲线和探测器偏移量;然后,将不同损伤情况下的角偏差信号送入激光制导炸弹运动控制模型,得到了不同四象限探测器损伤状态下激光制导炸弹弹道曲线;最后,分析了四象限探测器不同损伤距离下激光制导武器的脱靶量。研究表明,四象限探测器损伤程度和损伤距离都会对激光制导武器产生影响。该研究结果对大功率激光压制半主动激光制导武器效果评估有一定帮助。
Analysis of laser damage quadrant detector(QD) for laser guided weapon was presented in this paper. Firstly, the principle of laser damage photoelectrical detectors and QD detection theory were shown, detection bias and normalized detection curve were calculated based on the quadrant detector model. Then, Laser guided bomb trajectory simulated by weapon control model in different laser damage level were studied. Finally, undershoot value of laser guided bomb was discussed in different QD’s laser damage distance. The research indicates that QD’s laser damage level and damage distance influencing the laser guided weapon, and the result will be helpful for the effect evaluation of blanket jamming to laser guided weapon.

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