目的比较三种灵芝(霍芝1号、韩芝、日芝)不同药用部位的总多糖、总三萜、灵芝酸A及灵芝酸B的含量差异,为全面评价灵芝药材及孢子粉的质量及其药用成分的合理利用提供依据。方法采用苯酚-硫酸法测定总多糖含量;香草醛-冰乙酸-高氯酸显色法测定总三萜的含量;HPLC法测定灵芝酸A、B的含量。结果每种灵芝不同药用部位的总多糖含量由高到低依次为:孢子粉菌盖菌柄;每种灵芝不同药用部位的总三萜含量由高到低依次为:菌盖菌柄孢子粉;每种灵芝不同药用部位的灵芝酸A和灵芝酸B含量由高到低依次为:菌盖菌柄孢子粉,且灵芝酸A的含量均明显高于灵芝酸B。结论该研究为全面评价灵芝子实体及孢子粉的质量及其药用成分的合理利用提供依据。

Objective To compare the contents of total polysaccharides,total triterpenes,ganoderic acid A and ganoderic acid B in different medicinal parts of three Ganoderma lucidum and to provide evidence for the quality evaluation and rational use of Ganoderma lucidum. Methods To measure the total polysaccharides content by sulfuric acid-phenol method;To measure the total triterpenes content by vanillin-acetic acid-perchloric method;To measure the content of Ganoderic acid A and B with HPLC method. Results The content of total polysaccharides in different medicinal parts of each Ganoderma lucidum ranked from great to small as follows: spores,pileus,stipe;but the content of total triterpenes of different parts ranked from great to small as flows:pileus,stipe,spores;the content of ganoderic acid A and B in different medicinal parts of each Ganoderma lucidum ranked from great to small as follows:pileus,stipe,spores.The content of ganoderic acid A was significantly higher than ganoderic acid. Concl

目的探讨灵芝孢子油及灵芝提取物孢子油对人源高恶性乳腺癌血管生成调节因子的作用。方法不同剂量的灵芝孢子油、灵芝提取物孢子油分别刺激体外培养的人源高恶性乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-231细胞及MDA-MB-231细胞制作的荷廇小鼠,Western blotting检测表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)的蛋白表达变化,Real-time PCR检测肿瘤血管生成相关因子EGFR、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)、血小板反应素-1(TSP-1)、血小板衍生因子(PDGF)、成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)转录水平的基因表达变化。结果灵芝孢子油、灵芝提取物孢子油均可在体内和体外抑制人源高恶性乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231的EGFR蛋白表达,且有剂量依赖性;均可在体内和体外抑制VEGF RNA表达,增强血管生成抑制因子TSP-1 RNA表达;灵芝提取物孢子油比灵芝孢子油的作用更为显著。结论灵芝孢子油、灵芝提取物孢子油均有抑制肿瘤血管生成因子表达和促进血管生成抑制因子表达的作用,其中灵芝提取物孢子油比灵芝孢子油的作用更为显著。

Objective To study the role of ganoderma lucidum spore oil and ganoderma lucidum extraction spore oil in neovascularization of human high malignant breast cancer .Methods Human high malignant breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 and tumor-bearing nude mice established with MDA-MB-231 were treated with different doses of ganoderma lucidum spore oil and ganoderma lucidum extraction spore oil .Epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) expression level was examined by Western blotting and the RNA expression levels of neovascularization related molecules such as EGFR , vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), metalloproteinases(MMPs), thrombospondin(TSP-1), platelet derived growth factor( PDGF) , fibroblast growth factor ( FGF) were detected by Real-time PCR.Results Both ganoderma lucidum spore oil and ganoderma lucidum extraction spore oil inhibited the expression of EGFR in vitro and in vivo in a dose-dependent way.Both compounds induced down-regulation of VEGF and up-regulation of TSP-1 at RNA

为建立一种灵芝子实体中灵芝酸A的高效液相色谱(HPLC)定量测定方法,通过对灵芝子实体萃取物分离效果的影响因素进行对比试验,确定了灵芝中灵芝酸A的分离条件:色谱柱为ZORBAX SB-C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm);流动相组成(A:1.0%醋酸水溶液,B:甲醇),A∶B比例为40%∶60%,流速0.5 mL/min,柱温25℃,进样量5μL;在此条件下,灵芝子实体萃取物中灵芝酸A的HPLC保留时间13.619 min,分离度1.5;绘制的标准曲线为y=8.802 1x-1.45,r2=0.990 2;其测定结果的重现性、精密度和加标回收率(99.58%)均较佳,RSD均小于2%。因此,该方法可作为灵芝子实体中灵芝酸A的HPLC定量测定方法。

In order to establish a quantitative measurement method to dertermine the ganoderic acid A from Ganoderma lucidum by HPLC, the comparative experiments were used to study the effects of several influencing factors on separation of ganoderic acid A and the separation condition was determined. The results showed that, the optimum HPLC separation was accomplished through ZORBAX SB-C18 column (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5μm), taking 1.0%acetate buffer and methanol (40%:60%) as mobile phase, 0.5 mL/min as flow rate, 25℃as column temperature and 5μL as injection volume. Under the HPLC separation condition, the retention time of the ganoderic acid A was 13.619 min and the resolution was larger than 1.5. The standard curve was y=8.802 1x-1.45 (r2=0.990 2). The repeatability, precision and recovery(99.58%) of the quantitative measurement method were all good, and relative standard deviation(RSD) of all results were less than 2%. Therefore, the obtained HPLC method could be used as the quantita

灵芝多糖是灵芝的主要有效成分之一。主要就近年来灵芝多糖的提取、分离纯化、含量测定、结构分析、硒化修饰和抗氧化、免疫调节、降血糖、抗肿瘤活性等方面的研究进行了综述。

Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides,one of the main active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum,has the function of antitumor,immune regulation,hypoglycemia,antioxidation,blood lipid-lowering and anti-ageing.With the increasing value in its development and utilization,Ganoder-ma lucidum polysaccharides has become a research hotspot in recent years.The paper systematically summarizes the research on Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides,including the extraction,separation and purification,assay,structural analysis,selenium modification and biological activity,etc.

灵芝作为我国历史悠久的传统珍贵药材，有着极其不菲的药用价值。其中，三萜类化合物，作为灵芝中的主要活性物质之一，在抗HIV、抗炎、保肝护肝、抗肿瘤等方面发挥了其特有的生物活性；同时，灵芝三萜类化合物也是鉴定灵芝相关商品质量及品质的重要指标和保证，其应用前景非常可观。本文主要就近年来灵芝中三萜类化合物的提取、检测分析和药理活性等方面的研究现状及进展进行归纳总结。

Ganoderma lucidum is a famous medicinal mushroom that has been used as a traditional medicine for a long time in China.The triterpenes,a major group of constituents in this mushroom,can be regarded as clinical drugs for the prevention and treatment of HIV,arthritis,hepatopathy,and cancer. Triterpenes from Ganoderma lucidum is a key point for products to have reliable quality guarantees . Therefore ,it is very significant to go a further research on the function and extraction method of ganoderma lucidum triterpenes.This article mainly explains the ganoderma lucidum triterpenes on the fields of extraction,functional composition tests and biological activity.