老舍的短篇小说创作延续了传统小说的市井特色。在其短篇小说里,老舍塑造了职业特色各异的市井小民形象,并表达了对他们的同情与观照;在日常化的书写策略下采取底层视角,对市井小民的日常生活进行审视,并使用说书人的叙事笔法对这些市井小民的世俗情趣进行展示和书写,体现着老舍短篇小说独特的美学价值。对老舍短篇小说强烈的故事性和传奇色彩的探究,也为研究老舍短篇小说的市井特色寻找到了历史源头。

Laoshe’s short story creation lasted the characteristics of traditional novels. Laoshe created occupation characteristics vary philistine image, and expressed their sympathy and care in his short stories; take the bottom perspective in daily writing strategies, on the daily life of ordinary people to examine, for the ordinary people of the secular life and use the storyteller ’s narrative style to display and writing, embodies the unique aesthetic value of short stories. The research on the storytelling and legendary of Laoshe ’s short stories con-tribute to us to find the historical sources for the market characteristics of the short story.

自上世纪三十年代至今，沙汀短篇小说的研究大致经历了三个阶段：20世纪三四十年代带有强烈的政治色彩的批评；新时期到来至20世纪八十年代末注重系统地分析其艺术特征的审美批评；20世纪八十年代末至今叙事学、心理学等理论方法在沙汀短篇小说研究上的运用和在比较研究方面取得的成绩。纵览历史发展线索，扫描沙汀短篇小说研究的得失，并勾勒出其运动轨迹，不仅可以推动沙汀短篇小说研究向更深层次发展，也将有助于整个现代文学的研究。

Since the thirties of the last century , Sha Ting short stories roughly experienced three stages:criticism with strong po-litical overtones in 1930s and 1940s;aesthetic criticism focusing on the systematic analysis of its artistic features from the new era to the late 1980s;since the late 1980s, application of narratology and psychology theory to Sha Ting short stories , and the a-chievements in comparative research .The survey of the historical development cues , the scanning study the pros and cons of Sha Ting short stories and the outline of its trajectory , not only can promote Sha Ting short stories study to develop deeply , but also contribute to the whole of modern literature .

艾萨克·巴什维斯·辛格被誉为＂伟大的寓言家和短篇小说大师＂以及＂当代最会讲故事的小说大师＂。辛格的短篇小说如同一个微缩的世界、一个神奇的魔盒,真实朴素的犹太人民,离奇曲折的故事情节,寓意深刻的道德阐释,全都汇聚于此,这也是其文学成就所在。本文运用叙事学的相关理论,分析辛格短篇小说中的第一人称叙述者,探讨其蕴含的文化哲理及其精湛的叙事技巧。

Isaac Bashevis Singer is considered as the great fabulist and the master of short stories as well as a consummate storyteller.Singer''s short stories are just like a miniature world and a magic box, where the traditional Jews live, the supernatural events happen and the profound stories are narrated.And these short stories are regar-ded as the great achievement in literature.The paper analyzes the first-person narrator in Singer''s short stories with the relevant narrative theories for the culture,philosophy and narrative skills.

欧·亨利的短篇小说虽然与同时代马克·吐温的小说具有相似性，但他的叙事语言独到，结局安排巧妙，处处透露出幽默诙谐，读者在捧腹的同时又陷入深深思考中。本文仅以他的短篇小说《财神与爱神》为例，从语言和情节安排角度来探析欧·亨利式的幽默。

The short stories of O. Henry had many similarities with those of Mark Twain, however, the former''s narrative was very unique and the ending was ingeniously arranged, which make the stories full of humor and readers laugh with pondering. Exemplified by O. Henry''s short story "The Mammon and the Archer", this paper intends to analyze his humor from the aspects of language and the arrangement of the plot.

奇幻小说是世界短篇小说大师莫泊桑的作品的一个重要组成部分,其中的奥尔拉更被西方文学评论界认为不仅是莫泊桑短篇小说创作的巅峰更是奇幻文学的杰作之一。莫泊桑的奇幻小说是对西方传统奇幻小说的革新,通常关注人的精神世界中的病态现象,游走于理性与非理性的边缘。短篇小说奥尔拉即通过对主人公逐渐陷入疯癫过程的精细记录,显示了人类理性在面对浩瀚宇宙中的奇异现象时的无力和恐惧,表达了莫泊桑对人类理性力量的怀疑和悲观思想。

Les nouvelles fantastiques occupent une partie importante dans les ?uvres de Maupassant, parmi lesquelles Le Horla est considérée par les critiques littéraires occidentaux non seulement comme la meilleure nouvelle de Maupassant mais aussi comme l’un des chefs d’?uvres de la littérature fantastique occidentale. En portant son regard sur les aberrations mentales de l’homme, en sondant la profondeur de l’ab?me de l’esprit humain, Maupassant a innové la littérature fantastique traditionnelle. Dans Le Horla, histoire d’un homme obsédé par un être invisible et sombrant peu à peu dans la folie, il dépeint l’impuissance et la peur de l’homme face aux phénomènes inexplicables par la loi naturelle et exprime son doute et sa vision pessimiste sur la puissance de la raison humaine.