目的：分析聚合瓷嵌体修复活髓牙大面积牙体缺损的临床疗效及感染预防。方法选取活髓后牙大面积牙体缺损患者42例患牙48颗，随机分为实验组（24颗牙）和对照组（24颗牙）。其中实验组牙体预备，聚合瓷嵌体修复；对照组应用金属烤瓷冠修复，应用RelyX Unicem 树脂黏接剂随诊2年并评价疗效，分析感染预防方法。结果实验组在颜色匹配、形态匹配、继发龋、边缘适合性、磨损与断裂方面均较对照组有优势，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论应用聚合瓷嵌体修复活髓牙大面积牙体缺损的临床疗效优良，患者随访2年后在形态、颜色匹配与功能方面均作用优良。

Objective To analyze the living polymerization porcelain inlay restoration dental pulp large clinical efficacy of dental defects and infection prevention. Methods Forty-two cases patients with dental defects after the live pulp tooth of large teeth 48, were randomly divided into experimental group (24 teeth) and the control group (24 teeth). The experimental group tooth preparation, polymerization porcelain inlay restoration; Control group metal ceramic crowns, resin adhesive application RelyX Unicem 2-year follow-up and evaluated of the efficacy analysis infection prevention methods. Results The color matching, shape matching, secondary caries, marginal fit, wear and fracture strengths in the experimental group were better than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Living polymerization porcelain inlay restoration dental pulp excellent clinical efficacy large area of dental defects, pa-tients followed up show functions fine roles in shape

比较光固化复合树脂或聚合瓷改良马里兰桥的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析在本院进行口腔美容修复的100例患者的临床资料,患者随机分成两组,观察组采用光固化复合树脂或聚合瓷改良马里兰桥进行口腔修复,对照组采用传统的合金材料进行修复,术后通过定期回访,比较两组患者的临床效果、并发症以及满意程度进行比较。结果:观察组患者的临床效果显著优于对照组,观察组并发症占总数的6.00%(3/50),与对照组的8.00%(4/50)的并发症率相比差异不显著(P0.05),观察组患者满意率为96.00%(48/50)与对照组的80.00%(40/50)相比差异显著(P0.05),差异具有统计学意义。结论:光固化复合树脂应用到口腔美容修复中能获得较高的满意率,其并发症发生情况与聚合瓷改良马里兰桥差异不显著,值得临床推广使用。

Objective:To compare the clinical effect of light-cured composite or the polymerization modified Mali lanqiao Porcelain. Methods:Retrospectively analyzing the clinical data of 100 patients of oral cosmetic repair. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. The observation group was treated with light-cured composite resin or porcelain polymerization modified Mali lanqiao porcelain, and the control group was treated with traditional alloy material. The follow-up visit was done regularly. The clinical effect, complications and satisfaction degree of two groups were compared. Results:Clinical effect of the observation group was superior to the control group significantly. In the observation group, the complication rate was 6.00% (3/50), and in the control group, that was 8.00% (4/50). There was significant difference (P>0.05). Satisfaction rate in the observation group was 96.00% (48/50) and in the control group, that was 80.00% (40/50). There was significant difference (P<0.05).

目的：观察全酸蚀牙本质粘结剂不同固化方式对Ceramage聚合瓷嵌体微渗漏大小的影响。方法：选择20个离体前磨牙在近远中分别制备长方体形邻牙合面洞，Ceramage聚合瓷制作嵌体后，近中为对照组，采用牙本质粘结剂常规光照固化后树脂水门汀粘结嵌体；远中为实验组，采用牙本质粘结剂涂布后不单独固化，在树脂水门汀粘结嵌体后同时光照固化。品红染色后金刚砂片平行于牙体长轴沿近远中方向将修复体纵向剖开2次，体视显微镜下测量染料渗入轴壁、龈壁的深度。结果：实验组微渗漏低于对照组，但差异无统计学意义（轴壁t＝0．304，龈壁t＝0．408，P＞0．05）；同组间龈壁微渗漏程度均显著高于轴壁（实验组t＝2．766，对照组t＝2．392，P＜0．05）。结论：全酸蚀牙本质粘结剂不单独固化组和常规固化组相比具有同样的抗微渗漏能力；轴壁抗微渗漏能力好于龈壁。

AIM:To observe the effects of different curing methods of total etching dentin adhesive on the microleakage of Ceramage polymerization porcelain inlay.METHODS:Class II cavities on mesial-occlusal and distal-occlusal surfaces were prepared on 20 extracted premolars.Ceramage polymerization porcelain inlays were made. The mesial cavities(control group)were etched with total etching dentin adhesive and the adhesive was cured by tradi-tional curing method,then inlays were adhered by resin cement.The distal cavities(experiment group)were etched with total etching dentin adhesive,inlays were adhered by resin cement,then both adhesive and resin were light -cured simultaneously.After fuchsin staining,the teeth were splited twice and the depth of dye penetration was observed under optical microscope.RESULTS:The microleakage of the experiment group was lower than that of the control group,but with no statistic difference (P>0.05).The microleakage of gingival wall was significantly highe

平均聚合度和聚合度分布是决定聚合物产品质量的一个重要指标。平均聚合度直接表征聚合产品的分子量的大小，它的大小又决定高分子材料的性能，因此，研究平均聚合度具有重要的理论意义和实际意义。聚合反应按机理分类，可分为链型聚合和逐步聚合，链型聚合又分为自由基聚合、离子聚合、配位聚合，逐步聚合又分为缩聚和加聚反应。本文以自由基聚合、离子聚合、配位聚合以及缩聚的聚合机理为主线，对不同聚合机理对应的平均聚合度的公式进行推导和讨论，并加深理解，掌握其内涵。旨在提高学生对平均聚合度的认识和把握。

The average degree of polymerization and polymerization degree distribution are important indices for deciding the quality of polymers. The average degree of polymerization represents the size of the molecular weight of polymers and decides the performance of polymeric materials directly, so the study of the average degree of polymerization has important theoretical and the practical significance. According to the polymerization mechanisms, polymerization reaction can be classified into chain polymerization and stepwise polymerization. Among them, chain polymerization includes free radical polymerization, ion polymerization and coordination polymerization; and stepwise polymerization includes polycondensation and addition polymerization. For helping students to understanding and grasping the concept of the average degree of polymerization, the formulae of the average degree of polymerization are derived and discussed based on the polymerization mechanisms.

介绍和探讨了目前聚丙烯酰胺的几种常见聚合方法,包括水溶液聚合、反相乳液聚合、分散聚合、光引发聚合和微波引发聚合,简述了各方法的优缺点,并分析了各方法的发展前景。

Several kinds of the current common polyacrylamide polymerization methods were introduced and discussed,including aqueous solution polymerization,inverse emulsion polymerization,dispersion polymerization,photo-initiation polymerization and microwave polymerization. The advantages and disadvantages of these polymerization methods were discussed,and the prospect of these methods were analyzed.