聚酰亚胺纤维是一种典型的高性能纤维,由于其良好的耐热性能和强度性能,在原子能工业、航空航天等重要领域得到了广泛的应用,一些发达国已经将聚酰亚胺纤维推广应用到了造纸领域。本文主要结合聚酰亚胺纤维的特性,介绍了聚酰亚胺纤维纸的研究状况、研发过程中的技术难点及未来可能的研究方向。

Polyimide fiber is a typical kind of high performance fiber, due to its excellent heat resistance and strength, has been widely used in the atomic energy industry, aerospace, and other important areas, and some developed countries have done some research and exploitation on polyimide fiber in papermaking field, This paper combined the characteristics of the polyimide fibers, the devlopment of polyimide fiber paper, technical difficulties in the research process and possible research directions in the future were mainly introduced.

利用聚酰亚胺纤维保暖特性设计织造了聚酰亚胺纤维与中空涤纶混纺的保暖絮片，将其与市场常用絮片进行通透性、压缩性及保暖性对比测试。聚酰亚胺纤维絮片透气性达到优等保暖絮片等级的同时取得最小值，透湿性满足人体日常需求，蓬松度和压缩率较涤纶絮片稍差，回复率保持较高水准，保暖性能明显优于市场常用絮片。

In this paper, a polyimide ifber/hollow polyester ifber blended lfoccules is designed and woven by making use of the warmth retention property of polyimide fiber, and a test for comparing the above-mentioned floccules with its counterparts available on market in terms of air/moisture permeability, compressibility and warmth retention property is carried out. The test results show that the air permeability of the former can reach the top level for thermal insulation waddings, the moisture permeability can meet the need for comfortable feeling of wearer, the bulkiness and compression ratio are poorer than polyester ifber-based lfoccules, the recovery rate keeps at a high level and the thermal insulation performance is obviously better than latter.

以聚酰亚胺( PI)纤维为前驱体,经800~2800益连续高温处理,制备出不同性能的聚酰亚胺基炭(石墨)纤维。采用元素分析、SEM、HRˉTEM、Raman、纤维强力仪、电阻率仪等分析手段研究热处理温度对炭纤维( CF)元素含量、结构形貌、力学性能、传导性能等方面的影响。结果表明,随着热处理温度的升高,聚酰亚胺基炭纤维中碳含量从78.97%(800益)提高到99.72%(2800益),非碳原子含量降低；聚酰亚胺基炭纤维表面缺陷数目增加且尺寸增大。同时,纤维的微观结构也从二维乱层石墨结构向有序的三维层状结构发展,表现为石墨化程度的提高及石墨微晶尺寸的增大；炭纤维拉伸强度先增加后降低,最大拉伸强度924.4 MPa,断裂伸长率降低,电阻率减小,热导率增加,2800益石墨化处理后纤维热导率为228.4 W·m-1·K-1,是800益处理后的50.4倍。

Polyimide( PI) ˉbased carbon fibers with different properties were prepared by carbonization of PI fibers at 800 ℃, folˉ lowed by heat treatment from 800 to 2 800 ℃. The effect of heat treatment temperature ( HTT) on elemental composition, surface morphology, mechanical properties, and the thermal and electrical conductivities of PIˉbased carbon fibers were investigated by eleˉ mental analysis, SEM, HRTEM, Raman spectroscopy, mechanical testing, and electrical and thermal conductivity measurements. Results showed that as a result of HTT the carbon content increased from 78. 97% to 99. 72%, the tensile strength exhibited a maxiˉ mum of 924. 4 MPa, and the degree of graphitization and the size of graphite crystallites were both increased. Distinct reductions in strainˉtoˉfailure and electrical resistivity were observed with increasing HTT. The thermal conductivity can reach 228. 4 W·m-1·K-1 after heat treatment at 2 800 ℃. PI fiber may be a good precursor for carbon

研究硅橡胶与聚酰亚胺纤维织物、聚酰胺纤维织物、聚酯纤维织物、玻璃纤维织物、聚四氟乙烯及金属等骨架材料的粘合性能。偶联剂VTPS、开姆洛克608、偶联剂KH-550/A-151并用体系和偶联剂A-151/间苯二酚并用体系是硅橡胶与骨架材料的良好粘合剂,能有效提高硅橡胶与聚酰胺纤维织物、聚酯纤维织物、玻璃纤维织物、聚四氟乙烯、不锈钢和铝合金的粘合强度。在骨架材料表面处理胶浆中,粘合剂含量为10%,硅橡胶与骨架材料的粘合强度较高,粘合剂增粘效果较佳。聚酰亚胺纤维类织物与硅橡胶的粘合性能很差,只有使用开姆洛克608作表面处理胶浆粘合剂,聚酰亚胺纤维织物与硅橡胶才可获得良好的粘合性能。

The adhesion properties of silicone rubber and reinforcing materials were investigated. The reinforcing materials included polyimide fiber fabric; polyamide fiber fabric, polyester fiber fabric, glass fiber fabric, PTFE, metals such as stainless steel and aluminum. Coupling VTPS, Chemlok 608, blend of coupling agent KH-550 and A-151, and blend of coupling agent A-151 and resorcinol could effectively improve the adhesion strength between silicone rubber and reinforcing materials except for polyimide ifber fabric. The optimum binder content of the adhesive was 10%. For polyimide ifber fabric, it was recommended to use Chemlok 608 which could provide good adhesion strength between silicone rubber and polyimide ifber fabric.

以普通石膏为基体，聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺（PMI）泡沫为填料复合制备半互穿高频吸声材料。考察了水灰比、制孔剂掺入量和聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺（PMI）掺入量等因素对复合材料吸声性能的影响；采用驻波管、Micromeritics ASAP 2020仪器对样品的吸声系数、比表面积、孔容和孔径进行测试和表征；采用SEM观测了样品孔结构。实验结果表明：当水灰比为0.60，制孔剂0.04%，聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺（PMI）掺入量为6%时材料高频平均吸声系数为0.57，SEM显示吸声材料中石膏结晶自编织形成半互穿纤维多孔结构，孔隙分布均匀，孔型规整，其比表面积为26.0750 m3/g，孔容为0.971835221 m3/g，孔径为118.3581?。

In this experiment, the high-frequency sound-absorbing material is based on the ordinary plaster, filled with the PMI foam. The experiment elucidates the factors of the water-cement ratio, sodium carbonate, and the incorporation of hydrochloric acid and PMI etc.on the absorption properties of composite materials. The wave tube and the Micromeritics ASAP 2020 are used to test and characterize the absorption coefficient, surface area, pore volume and pore diameter of the samples. The samples of the pore structure are observed by the JSM6460LV electron scanning microscope. The relationship between the configuration and the properties of the materials is discussed.