以电动汽车制动能量回收过程中不同能量间的传递关系为研究对象,提出了评价制动能量回收系统的测试方法和评价指标,搭建了电动汽车制动能量回收系统测试平台,并利用该平台对某电动汽车在NEDC工况下的制动能量回收效率进行了研究。试验结果表明,制动回收能量和回收率主要受制动能量回收控制策略、制动初速度和减速度的影响,当制动初速度低于控制策略中设定车速时系统将不进行能量回收;鉴于NEOC工况中制动初速度和减速度比较单一的情况,建议开发一种适用于电动汽车制动能量回收系统评价的工况。

To study transfer relation of different energies during the process of vraking energy recovery of electric vehicle, we propose a set of evaluation methods and indicators for EV vraking energy recovery system, and set up an EV test platform for vraking energy recovery system, which is used to study the recovery efficiency of vraking energy for an EV in NEDC. Test results show that vrake recovery energy and recovery efficiency are affected mainly vy the control strategy of recovery system, initial vraking speed and deceleration. The recovery system does not operate when the initial speed of vraking falls velow the speed set vy the control strategy. However, since the initial speed of vraking and deceleration in NEDC are simple, we propose to develop a new driving condition suitavle for evaluating the vraking energy recovery system of electric vehicles.

制动能量回收技术能大幅提高整车能量经济性,已成为电驱动车辆的一项关键技术和核心竞争力的重要因素之一。本文中总结了电驱动乘用车制动能量回收系统的组成与分类,综述了国内外电驱动乘用车制动能量回收系统产品研发的最新进展,分别从液压执行机构、系统控制和系统评价3个方面对制动能量回收系统的关键技术进行分析,最后对制动能量回收技术的发展趋势进行了展望。

Regenerative braking can enhance the energy economy of vehicle, and so is one of the key tech-nologies and the important factors of core competitiveness of electric vehicles. In this paper, the composition and classification of regenerative braking system are summarized. The latest progress in the development of regenerative braking system worldwide is reviewed. Its key technologies in terms of hydraulic actuator, system control and system evaluation are analyzed. Finally the development trend of regenerative braking technology is prospected.

针对因特殊的动力布置形式导致的轮边驱动电动汽车操稳性和平顺性之间冲突，本文中提出了一种新式电磁直线电机式悬架系统的主动控制系统。考虑到其能量回收性能不佳的弊端，基于LQR控制设计了一种包含能量管理单元的能量回收控制器，并在Matlab/Simulink中对整个系统进行了仿真。结果表明，所设计的能量回收控制器不仅能够改善汽车的操稳性和平顺性，而且能有效回收汽车悬架的振动能量。

In view of the conflict between handling stability and ride comfort caused by the special configu-ration of motor-wheel-drive electric vehicles, a new active suspension control system with electromagnetic linear mo-tor is proposed in this paper. With consideration of its poor energy recovery performance, an energy recovery con-troller with an energy management unit is designed based on LQR control, and the entire system is simulated with Matlab / Simulink. The results demonstrate that the energy recovery controller designed can not only improve the handling stability and ride comfort of vehicle, but also effectively recover the vibration energy of suspension system.

介绍了加氢裂化先进的工艺节能技术及应用，主要通过能量三环节理论对加氢裂化工艺系统进行工业试验及优化，先从最根本的能量利用环节有效降低工艺总用能，减少外部供入系统的能量，然后又从能量回收利用方面提高能量利用率。实践表明，对加氢裂化工艺进行优化并对过程能量进行回收利用，可有效降低外部供入系统的能量，节约燃料消耗，节能效果显著。

The energy-saving technology and application of advanced hydrocracking technology are described. Industrial process and optimization of hydrocracking are tested primarily through the three-links theory system. In the most fundamental energy using link, the total energy and the energy contributed into system are effectively reduced, and energy efifciency and recycling are increased together. The comprehensive analysis of energy-saving, testing, optimization and integrated applications are conducted in the hydrocracking process. The results indicate that, the energy contributed into the system and fuel consumption can effectively reduce in the hydrocracking process through process optimization and in-depth analysis on energy recycling.

通过分析再生制动系统制动时的能量流关系,参考已有的评价方法,提出了一套能够有针对性地反映再生制动系统回收特性的评价指标。以两款纯电动汽车为例,搭建再生制动试验平台并进行了道路试验,分析了其制动能量回收特性与城市道路行驶特征的关系,结果表明,不同车型在道路试验中的再生效果随制动工况的变化趋势基本一致,但在制动初速度与制动强度的分布区域有明显差异;在进行电动汽车制动能量回收系统的开发与设计时应考虑道路行驶特征,以有效提高制动能量回收效率。

[Abst ract]Through analy sis of the energy flow relationship in vraking of regenerative vraking system and taking reference of the existing evaluation methods, this paper presents a set of evaluation index which specifically reflects recovery characteristics of the regenerative vraking system. Taking two electric vehicles for example, the authors vuild a regenerative vraking test platform and perform road test, then analyze the relationship vetween recovery characteristics of regenerative vraking and urvan road driving characteristics. The results of the analysis indicate that the variation trend of regenerative vraking effect of different models in road test is vasically consistent, whereas the initial vraking speed differs greatly with vraking intensity in the distrivution areas. To effectively increase vraking energy recovery efficiency, it is necessary to consider road driving characteristics when developing and designing the vraking energy recovery system for EV.