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双语推荐：香

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目的探明香稻专用肥对香稻光合物质生产特征的影响．方法设置施用香稻专用肥与常规施肥2个处理，以常规香稻品种桂香占、农香18、象牙香占和美香占为材料进行大田对比试验，对不同施肥处理间的香稻SPAD值、叶面积指数、净光合速率、光合势、群体生长率、干物质积累量、收获指数和稻谷产量等进行系统的比较研究．结果和结论与常规施肥比较，香稻专用肥显著提高了4个香稻品种生育后期的SPAD值、叶面积指数、净光合速率和干物质积累量．香稻专用肥处理的收获指数和稻谷产量普遍高于常规施肥处理，其中桂香占、象牙香占和美香占的稻谷产量显著高于对照，增产达16．46％～22．33％．香稻专用肥处理的香稻品种光合生产能力在生育后期优势明显，香稻专用肥促进了香稻后期的物质生产和积累，最终使香稻产量得到提高．
Objective]To investigate the effects of special fertilizer for aromatic rice on characteristics of photosynthesis and matter production of aromatic rice .[Method] A field contrast experiment was conduc-ted with four conventional aromatic rice cultivars , Guixiangzhan , Nongxiang 18, Xiangyaxiangzhan and Meixiangzhan, to evaluate the effects of special fertilizer for aromatic rice (SF) and conventional fertilizer (CK) on relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), leaf area index (LAI), net photosynthetic rate, photo-synthetic potential , crop growth rate , dry matter accumulation of population , harvest index and grain yield.[Result and conclusion]The results showed that compared with CK , special fertilizer for aromatic rice could significantly increase SPAD , LAI, net photosynthetic rate and crop growth rate of four aromatic rice cultivars at the later growth stage .SF could generally improve harvest index and grain yield , inclu-ding a significant yield increase of Guixiangzhan ,

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为明确浓香型烟叶风格特征与品质特征之间的联系,以8个浓香型产区2011—2012年的264份烟叶样品为材料,运用灰色关联度分析、偏相关分析和逐步回归分析等方法分析了感官评价中的香韵指标(焦甜香、焦香、正甜香、干草香、木香、坚果香、辛香)与烟叶香气质量及香型之间的关系。结果表明:(1)香韵对香气质影响以焦甜香、干草香为最大;香韵对香气量影响以干草香、焦甜香为最大;香韵对香型影响以焦甜香、正甜香为最大。(2)干草香与香气质呈显著正相关,焦甜香与香气质呈显著负相关;干草香与香气量呈显著正相关;正甜香与香型呈显著正相关,焦甜香与香型呈极显著正相关。(3)通过逐步回归模型,建立了香韵各指标与香气质量及香型的最优回归方程,可以利用回归方程来预测香气质量及香型。
Statistical analysis, including gray correlation analysis, partial correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis, were conducted to identify the relationship between style and quality characteristics of aromatic flue-cured tobacco. Total of 264 tobacco samples from 8 provinces of production areas with aroma style tobacco were used to analysis the relationships of note indicators, aroma quality and aroma type. The results showed that the note which influenced the quality of aroma the most was burnt-sweetness aroma and hay incense. The note which influenced the quantity of aroma most was hay incense and burnt-sweetness aroma. The note that influenced the type most was burnt-sweetness aroma and pure-sweetness aroma. Partial correlation analysis showed that the hay incense and burnt-sweetness aroma were significantly related with sweet temperament, hay incense was significantly related with aroma quantity, pure-sweetness aroma was significantly related with aroma type, burnt-sweet

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为明确湖南烟叶的香型和香韵区域分布特征,对来自湖南烟区的44个烟叶样品进行了感官评价。结果表明:①湖南烟叶浓香型风格尚显著至较显著;香韵以干草香、焦甜香与焦香为主。②不同地区之间浓香型和焦甜香差异显著,干草香、正甜香、坚果香、焦香、辛香差异不显著。③浓香型、焦甜香、焦香、辛香有从南部向北部递减的分布趋势,干草香有从西北部向南部递减的分布趋势,正甜香有从西部东南部递减的分布趋势,木香、坚果香呈斑块状分布。
Forty-four leaf tobacco samples from Hunan province were collected and tested by sensory evaluation to study regional distribution characteristics of flavor types and notes. Spatial distribution of various flavors and aroma scales was drawn by inverse distance weighting (IDW) method. Results showed that:1) strong flavor type was from little to prominent, with hay incense, burnt sweetness aroma and burnt aroma as the principal notes. 2) significant differences were found between strong flavor type and burnt-sweetness type among different regions, with non-significant differences for hay incense, pure-sweetness aroma, nutty aroma, burnt aroma and spicy flavor. 3) IDW map indicated that scales of strong flavor type, burnt-sweetness aroma, burnt aroma and spicy flavor decreased from south to north, and the same for hay incense from northwest to south, and for pure-sweetness aroma from west to east. Nutty aroma and woody aroma were distributed in spots.

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通过香根草和香茅草的水溶液培养，研究不同浓度的铜和锌对香根草、香茅草的生理和生态的影响。结果表明：香根草对重金属铜和锌的耐性指数大于香茅草的耐性指数，香根草和香茅草对锌的耐受能力比对铜的耐受能力要强，富集的重金属主要部位是根部。
through water solution:vetiver and lemon grass cultivation,the effects of different concentrations of Cu and Zn on Vetiver grass and fragrant grass physiological and ecological effects. The results show that:the index of tolerance of Vetiveria zizanioides to Cu and Zn than Lemongrass tolerance index,vetiver and lemongrass tolerance the comparison of the zinc copper tolerance ability is stronger,the main part is the root of heavy metals enrichment.

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采用“香味轮廓分析法”对毕节烤烟香韵进行评价。结果表明：（1）毕节不同海拔烤烟烟叶评吸出15种香韵。高海拔烟叶香韵数量丰富；中海拔烟叶无酒香香韵；低海拔无豆香、花香和酒香香韵。（2）依据香韵强度，干草香、清甜香、正甜香为毕节烤烟烟叶的主体香韵。（3）随海拔升高清甜香香韵强度加强，而正甜香香韵强度减弱；（4）毕节地区烤烟烟叶风格在整体上保持中间香型风格，但依据主体香韵强度的不同可以分为西部高海拔清甜香风格区和中东部低海拔正甜香（醇甜香）风格区。
Flavour notes of flue-cured tobacco from different altitude regions in Bijie, Guizhou province were evaluated by flavor profile analysis. Results showed that:(1) Fifteen types of flavour notes were identified through panel test. There were rich flavour notes in high altitude region and no wine-aroma note in mid-altitude and no beans, floral and wine-savory notes in low altitude region. (2) Flavour notes of hay, pure-sweetness and clear-sweetness were identified as main notes based on intensity. (3) With increase of altitude, clear-sweet note was strengthened while pure-sweet note was weakened. (4) Bijie prefecture in general was a neutral flavor type growing area with its western high altitude region featuring clear-sweet note and central-eastern low altitude region featuring pure-sweet note.

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基于对标本和文献的比较研究,确认豆科香槐属(Cladrastis Raf.)中小叶香槐(C.parvifolia C.Y.Ma)、藤香槐(C.scandens C.Y.Ma)、秦氏香槐(C.chingii DuleyVincent)与本属分布最广的翅荚香槐[C.platycarpa(Maxim.)Makino]为同种植物。其中,小叶香槐被处理为翅荚香槐的一变种,即C.platycarpa var.parvifolia(C.Y.Ma)Z.Q.Song,D.X.XuS.J.Li,藤香槐与秦氏香槐被处理为翅荚香槐原变种的两个新异名。同时讨论了翅荚香槐的分类地位及其散布。
Examinations of literatures and specimens in herbaria have shown that three Chinese species of the genusCladrastisRaf. (Leguminosae), viz.C. parvifoliaC. Y. Ma,C. scandensC. Y. Ma andC. chingiiDuley &Vincent, are conspeciifc withC. platycarpa(Maxim.) Makino, a species distributed widely in China and Japan.C. parvifoliais here treated as a variety, namelyC. platycarpavar.parvifolia(C. Y. Ma) Z. Q. Song, D. X. Xu & S. J. Li,comb. et stat. nov., whileC. scandensandC. chingiiare reduced to new synonyms ofC. platycarpa. Finally, The taxonomic position and the geographic dispersal of the speices were discussed.

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植物间存在着化感作用,适当的种植群落结构可以改善作物的品质。本研究根据烟草与不同香原料植物间作后致香物质的变化情况,探索一种丰富烟叶香气,提高烟叶质量的新途径。烟草与香原料植物（薰衣草,迷迭香,香叶天竺葵,猫薄荷和玫瑰花）间作后,用固相微萃取（SPME）及气相色谱-质谱联用（GC/MS）分析对其叶片中致香物质的变化,在烤烟与香原料植物间栽的小环境动态生态系统中,烟草和香原料植物的致香成分都有变化。与对照烟叶相比,烤烟致香物质的变化呈现了3种不同情况：香原料植物特有的致香成分转移至处理烟叶;香原料植物、对照、处理烟叶共有致香物质含量出现变化;间栽后烤烟出现新的致香成分。进一步研究烟草和香原料植物间相互作用情况,寻找到植物间化感作用影响烟叶致香成分变化的规律,可为丰富烟叶致香成分,构建良性烟田生态系统,建立以烟为主、香原料为辅的耕作制度提供理论支撑,对探索生产绿色、安全的烤烟具重要意义。
Agronomic measures mainly affected physiological and biochemical metabolism of tobacco growth and development, and fatherly affected the content and proportion of aromatic matters. In order to explore the intercropping application in the tobacco field, we contrasted the effect of monoculture of tobacco with inter-cropping effect of K326 and four aromatic plants of Lavandula pedunculata, Rosmarinus officinalis, Pelargonium roseum, Nepeta cataria, Rosa rugosa respectively. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectra/Olfactory (GC-MS/O) was applied in this dissertation. GC-MS/O is a powerful way in screening aroma compounds in tobacco leaves effectively, which was combined GC-MS to Olfactory. The result showed that the change of flue-cured tobacco aroma substances presented three different situations in the small dynamic ecosystem environment that tobacco intercropped with different fragrant plants: some specific aroma components of fragrant plants transferred to experimental group; the pro

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目的：探讨醋炙法炮制香附增强疗效的作用原理。方法：对香附生品、醋炙品中总皂苷含量和挥发油中r-香附酮进行定量对比测定分析。结果：实验测得香附生品总皂苷含量为2.340%,醋炙品总皂苷含量为3.000%,香附醋炙后总皂苷含量提高了28.21%;生品香附r-香附酮为0.174 mg/mL,醋炙后为0.208 mg/mL,香附醋炙后r-香附酮溶出量提高了17%。结论：香附炮制后总皂苷和r-香附酮含量明显升高。
Objective:To explore the principles of enhancing curative effects of processed XiangFu (Cyperus rotundus) by stir-baking with vinegar. Methods:The contents of total saponins and r-cyperolone in crude XiangFu and processed XiangFu were compared, detected and analyzed quantitatively. Results:The experiments showed that the content of total saponins in crude XiangFu reached 2.340%, and total saponins in processed one was 3.000%, af-ter the processing, the contents of total saponins was increased to 28.21%;the concentration of r-cyperolone in crude XiangFu was 0.174 mg/mL, after the processing, it was 0.208 mg/mL, dissolved content r-cyperolone was raised by 17%. Conclusion:The contents of total saponins and r-cyperolone in processed XiangFu are raised obviously.

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目的：建立红外光谱技术，快速鉴别不同产地藿香的方法。方法采用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术和二维相关红外光谱法鉴定石牌广藿香（牌香），高要广藿香（肇香），海南广藿香（南香），湛江广藿香（湛香）等四种药材。结果四种不同产地的广霍香（南香、湛香、牌香、肇香）的一维红外光谱和高分辨的二阶导数谱的结果相一致，确切地佐证了南香药材与其它三个产地药材相比具有明显的差异性，很好地解释了南香属于广藿香伪品的论证。二维红外相关谱表明：肇香在940 cm－1的自动峰最强，而牌香和湛香在947 cm－1为最强峰，两者相差了7个波数。湛香1151 cm－1的自动峰明显强于牌香的自动峰，另外湛香947 cm－1的交叉峰也明显强于牌香的交叉峰。凭借自动峰和交叉峰的强弱既可以作为鉴别相似度较大的牌香和湛香的依据。结论红外光谱、二阶导数谱和二维相关红外光谱等三谱技术可以相互补充，相互佐证，可以鉴别四种广藿香的产地，同时也可以看到肇香与牌香、湛香的品质相近，但不完全相同，品质最差的是南香，即海南产的广藿香。
Objective To establish the infrared spectroscopic technique to identify pogostemon ca-blins from different areas .Methods Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy analysis were used to identify pogostemon cablins , including Paixiang , Zhaoxiang , Nanxiang and Zhanxiang .Results The results of one-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy were consistent with those of second derivative spectroscopy , which indicated that Nanxiang was markedly differ-ent from the other three varieties , leading support to the argument that Nanxiang was a fake pogostemon ca -blin.The result of two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy suggested that the strongest automatic peak of Zhaoxiang was at 940 cm-1 while that of Paixiang and Zhanxiang was strongest at 947 cm-1 .More-over, the auto peak of Zhaoxiang was stronger than that of Paixiang at 1151 cm-1 and the cross peak of Zhaoxiang was stronger than that of Paixiang at 947 cm-1

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为探明水杨酸和盐对香稻和非香稻幼苗生理特性的影响,以香稻品种农香18和非香稻品种华航丝苗为材料,设置水杨酸（SA）0,1 mmol/L和盐（NaCl）0,50 mmol/L浸种处理,测定了幼苗叶片和茎鞘超氧化物超化酶（SOD）活性、过氧化物酶（POD）活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量及香稻香气2-AP含量。SA、盐以及两者的混合溶液浸后,香稻2-AP含量均显著增加。1 mmol/L水杨酸与50 mmol/L盐混合溶液处理显著提高香稻幼苗脯氨酸含量而对非香稻品种无显著影响;50 mmol/L盐溶液处理可显著提高香稻和非香稻幼苗茎鞘POD活性及香稻幼苗茎鞘SOD活性;1 mmol/L水杨酸处理显著提高香稻和非香稻幼苗叶片脯氨酸含量及香稻幼苗POD活性。SOD、脯氨酸和POD是水稻幼苗响应水杨酸和盐浸种处理的主要生理特性指标。盐胁迫下香稻2-AP含量增加,SA可缓解盐胁迫,同时可提高香稻2-AP含量。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of salicylic acid ( SA) and salt on some phys-iological characteristics of aromatic and non-aromatic rice seedlings .Aromatic rice Nongxiang 18 and non-aromatic rice Huahangsimiao were used as materials ,seed pre-soaking treatments were SA treatment ( Seeds soaked in 0 and 1 mmol/L of SA) and salt treatment(Seeds soaked in 0 and 50 mmol/L of NaCl).The SOD activity,POD activity, soluble protein content ,proline content ,MDA content in leaves and culm and sheath of rice seedling and 2-AP con-tent in leaves and culm and sheath of aromatic rice were studied .The results showed that SA ,NaCl and SA+NaCl treatments significantly increased 2-AP content in aromatic rice seedling .The 1 mmol/L SA +50 mmol/L NaCl treatment significantly increased proline content in aromatic rice seedling ,no significant difference was observed in non-aromatic rice;50 mmol/L NaCl treatment significantly increased POD in culm and sheath of aromatic

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