根据不同地幔粘滞度的冰川均衡调整(glacial isostatic adjustment,GIA)模型,研究了地球内部各个圈层对GIA粘性重力扰动速率的贡献,检验了粘性重力扰动速率与径向位移速率的近似关系及其是否独立于地幔粘滞度,同时利用绝对重力和GPS(global positioning system)径向位移数据从实测角度对Wahr的近似关系进行比较和验证.结果表明:岩石圈对GIA重力扰动速率和大地水准面异常速率的贡献都超过了86%,而岩石圈以下5个圈层的总贡献不大于14%;利用近似关系,由重力信号转换的径向位移速率与有限元模拟的结果相对差异大约为15%,且相对差异的大小不依赖于地幔粘滞度的变化;根据北美绝对重力和GPS径向位移数据得到实测的粘性重力-径向位移比值为0.141±0.014μGal/mm,与Wahr的理论值(0.154μGal/mm)非常接近,相对差异仅为9.2%.因此,定量给出了粘性重力-径向位移近似关系的不确定性为9.2%~15.0%,为利用此近似关系分离GIA和现今地表质量变化粘弹信号的不确定性估计提供了重要参考.

Based on glacial isostatic adj ustment (GIA)models of different mantle viscosities,the contribution from different layers in the earth?s interior to the GIA viscous gravity perturbation rates is investigated,and the approximate relation between GIA gravity perturbation rate and uplift rate and whether it is independent of the mantle viscosity are validated in this paper. Furthermore,the Wahr?s approximate relation with the data from absolute gravimetry and global positioning system (GPS) was checked.It is found that the contribution of the lithosphere to GIA gravity perturbation rate and geoid anomaly rate is more than 86%,the contribution of the five layers under the lithosphere to GIA gravity signal is less than 14% yet.The relative difference between GIA uplift rate calculated by using approximate relation and that by the finite element method is about 1 5%, and the difference does not depend on changes in the mantle viscosity.The ratio of gravity versus uplift obtained by ground-ba

利用南极大陆12个累积观测数据超过3年的GNSS跟踪站的监测序列,比较分析了其径向的形变趋势与GIA(Glacial Isostatic Adjustment)模型预测形变,并且与GRACE(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment)估计的径向位移结果进行相关性分析。GNSS结果显示跟踪站的径向形变多呈现上升趋势,少量出现下降的跟踪站多分布在东南极沿海区域,下降速度较小。与GRACE计算结果相比,两者的相关系数在0.241—0.663之间,表明两种观测手段得到的结果总体呈现较强的相关性。GNSS形变趋势与最新的GIA模型(W12a)预测形变趋势有一定的偏差,但总体吻合。

The GNSS monitoring time series of 1 2 GNSS stations in Antarctica,each of which spans at least 3 years,are analyzed to calculate their vertical deformations and the results are compared with those predicted by GIA (Glacial Isostatic Adjustment).We also computed the correlations between GNSS and GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Cli-mate Experiment)data.The results derived from GNSS data show that the vertical deformations of most stations are on the rise,and the stations with slowly descending rates are located along the coast of East Antarctica.The vertical deformations derived from GNSS and GRACE data are significantly correlated with the correlation coefficients from 0.241 to 0.663.Although biases exist in the GNSS estimated deformation and GIA predicted trends,they show o-verall agreement with each other.

RFID作为物联网中的重要技术，近年来以其低廉、安全、高效的特点得到广泛的关注和研究。文中提出了一种基于超高频RFID的智能车辆管理系统（即车联网）。该系统由RFID硬件系统、CDMA系统、GIA系统、数据处理系统构成，可以实现车辆的智能化识别、定位、跟踪、测速、监控和管理，以解决当前严峻的道路拥堵、车辆超速超载、车辆盗窃及公务车管理等问题。

As one of the important technology of IOT, RFID gets more and more attention and has been more and more widely used for its cheap, safty and high-efifciency. An intelligent vehicle management system based on UHF RFID is provided, which is also called the Internet of Vehicle. The system is made up of RFID hardware, CDMA, GIA system and data processing center. This new technology can achieve many functions such as intelligent identiifcation, vehicle location, vehicle tracking, speed detection, vehicle monitor and manage. It can solve the problem of traffic jam, overdrive and over speed of vehicle, pilferage of vehicles and private use of official vehicles.

目的：探讨改良腹腔镜辅助Duhamel结肠次全切除术治疗长段型先天性巨结肠症（ Hirschsprung disease ，HD）的并发症和疗效。方法回顾分析2010年3月～2014年1月12例长段型HD资料，男7例，女5例，中位年龄8月（5月～6岁）。其中移行区位于降结肠近端8例，横结肠2例，结肠肝曲1例，升结肠1例。7例行结肠造瘘。手术主要改良之处：经肛门齿状线上方直肠后壁切口将结肠拖出至肛门外，用Endo－GIA肛门外切断并封闭，保留直肠残端4～5 cm。然后结合Deloyer技术将升结肠拖下与原直肠后壁端侧吻合，再将Endo－GIA切缝器两肢分别放入原直肠和新直肠，切开两段肠管间隔并行侧侧吻合。观察术中术后并发症及排便功能。结果12例均在腹腔镜辅助下完成次全结肠切除升结肠Duhamel拖出术，平均手术时间170 min（125～240 min），未出现术中并发症，无吻合口漏。4例诉肛周疼痛，1例术后5天便血，保守治疗治愈。大便频率2周以内4～15次／天，恢复到正常排便频率（1～2次／天）时间平均3．5月（2．2～5个月）。平均随访时间32个月（3～46个月），2例术后小肠结肠炎，1例早期有便秘症状，均保守治疗治愈。无闸门综合征和粪石发生，无大便失禁。结论改良腹腔镜辅助Duhamel结肠次全切除术治疗长段型HD安全有效，排便频率恢复正常快。肛门外处理直肠盲端简单可靠，腹壁创伤小。

Objective To discuss the efficacy of modified laparoscopic Duhamel subtotal colectomy for extended Hirschsprung’s disease (HD). Methods Between March 2010 and January 2014, 12 children (male, 7 cases;female, 5 cases) with extended HD underwent a modified laparoscopic Duhamel subtotal colectomy .The median age at operation was 8 months old ( 5 months-6 years).The level of the transition zone was in the proximal descending colon in 8 cases, the transverse colon in 2 cases, the hepatic flexure of the colon in 1 case, and the ascending colon in 1 case, respectively.Seven children received a colostomy .During the operation , extracorporeal low rectal transection was performed by using Endo-GIA through the incision in the posterior rectum above the dentate line, with short rectal stump 4 -5 cm in length.Then the ascending colon was pulled down to perform an end-to-side anastomosis with the rectum by using the Deloyer artifice .Finally, a side-to-side anastomosis was conducted betw

目的总结20例完全腹腔镜肝切除术手术经验,阐述其技术要点和效果。方法回顾性分析2011年4月至2013年11月间我院20例完全腹腔镜肝切除术患者的临床资料。其中肝左叶部分切除15例,肝右叶部分切除5例。术前应用肝功能Child分级、ICG R15评估肝储备功能及CT三维成像评估肝肿瘤周围血管情况,术中根据肝脏病灶部位选择手术径路,应用超声刀、钛夹、LigaSure、Endo-GIA等多种断肝方法行完全腹腔镜肝部分切除。结果 20例患者均成功施行完全腹腔镜下肝部分切除术,手术时间105~215 min,出血量50~500 ml,术中未出现严重并发症,术后均顺利恢复,术后平均住院日为7.5 d。除2例原发性肝癌患者分别于术后随访5个月、12个月发现肿瘤复发外,其余原发性肝癌患者尚未见复发,良性病变患者无症状再发。结论术前进行肝功能及影像学评估、术中选择合适的手术入路及灵活应用各种断肝器械是成功施行完全腹腔镜肝部分切除术的保证。

Objective To summarize the experience of 20 cases of total laparoscopic partial liver resection and introduce the surgical technique. Methods From April 2011 to November 2013,20 cases of laparoscopic partial liver resection in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively,including 15 cases of partial left liver resection and 5 cases of partial right liver resection. Using liver function Child classification and ICG R15 to evaluate hepatic functional reserve preoperatively and three-dimensional CT imaging to assess the anatomical structure surrounding liver tumor such as blood vessels, intraoperative surgical approach is selected according to the liver lesion site and using ultrasonic knives,clip,LigaSure,Endo-GIA and other laparoscopic equipments to dissection liver and complete partial hepatectomy. Results Totally laparoscopic partial liver resection were carried successfully on 20 cases , with operative time between 105 to 215 min,blood loss between 50 to 500 ml. All patients recovered