采用硫酸锰两步法合成高纯四氧化三锰,研究水解物的生成及洗涤条件对水解物及四氧化三锰中硫酸根含量的影响。测定不同加料方式、氨锰比、硫酸锰浓度、反应温度、氨水滴加速度条件下生成的水解物及其四氧化三锰产品的硫酸根含量,并对水解物分别使用稀氨水硝酸铵溶液和水洗涤,测定匀浆及淋洗两种洗涤方式下水解物的硫酸根含量。结果表明:在硫酸锰浓度0.5 mol/L、温度60℃、氨水滴加时间20 min、氨锰比为3:1的条件下,采用向硫酸锰溶液中滴加稀氨水的加料方式,四氧化三锰产率可达86.1%;采用匀浆洗涤方法能明显降低水解物的硫酸根含量,其效果优于淋洗方法;使用2%稀氨水匀浆洗涤两次所得四氧化三锰的硫酸根含量可降低至0.09%。

The effects of preparation and rinsing conditions for hydrolysate on sulfate content of MnSO4 were investigated in the process of high-purity Mn3O4 prepared by two-step method from MnSO4. The sulfate contents of hydrolysate and Mn3O4 prepared under different feeding sequences, ratio of ammonia to manganese, concentration of manganese sulfate solution, reaction temperature and feeding rate of ammonia solution were determined. The hydrolysates were washed with ammonia, ammonia nitrate solution and water, respectively, and their sulfate contents of hydrolysate washed by homogenate and rinsing method were determined. The results show that, under the following conditions of MnSO4 concentration of 0.5 mol/L, temperature of 60℃,ratio of ammonia to manganese of 3:1, feeding time of 20 min, using the feeding sequence of adding ammonia to manganese solution, the yield of Mn3O4 is 86.1%. Using homogenate washing method can sharply decrease the sulfate content of hydrolysate, which is better than

从计算机网络到目前的物联网，网络形式发生了变化。从因特网发展中面临的问题，提出物联网对计算机网络及因特网的改进。论述计算机网络、因特网、物联网各自的发展对社会生活产生的影响，分析三者之间的辩证关系。提出物联网发展中需要解决的问题。

The computer network form has been changed into the internet of things. It has been put forward that the internet of things has improved the computer network and Internet. This paper discusses the developments of the network, Internet and in-ternet of things and the impact on community. This paper analyses dialectical relation among three networks. Problems of the in-ternet of things development have been put forward.

氧化甘油三酯和甘油三酯聚合物含量同油脂氧化程度相关联，结合极性组分分离技术和高效体积排阻色谱技术，建立了食用油中甘油三酯聚合物含量测定方法，对天津市常见42种食用油中氧化甘油三酯和甘油三酯聚合物含量进行了测定，结果显示虽然甘油三酯聚合物平均含量接近（1.43%～1.85%），但不同类食用油中甘油三酯二聚物与寡聚物含量比相差较大，以此为基础通过进一步优化方法和扩大样品数据量，所建立的深度氧化劣质食用油鉴别方法，将具有良好的应用前景。

The lipid oxidation degree is related to contents of oxidized triglycerides (O-TG) and triglycerides polymers (TGP). A determination method for O-TG and TGP in edible oil was established by combination of polar group separation technology and high-performance size exclusion chromatography technology. 42 oil samples common in Tianjin city were determined , and the results showed that although the average contents of TGP were similar (1.43%-1.85%), but the ratios of TGD to TGO (ωTGD/ωTGO) were significantly different. Based on this research results, a method can be established to identify edible oil of poor quality after further optimization and sample data expansion , and it will have a good application prospect.

运用超滤分离技术将水合三氯乙醛前体物含量最高的夏季水样中溶解性有机物分为四个部分,采用三维激发-发射矩阵荧光光谱对不同分子量有机物组分进行表征,并对20种氨基酸、牛血清白蛋白等模式化合物进行氯化试验,以找出水合三氯乙醛的主要前体物成分。结果表明MW1 k Da的水合三氯乙醛生成势含量最高,为24.81μg/L,其次为10 k DaMW0.45μm(17.49μg/L)、3 k DaMW10 k Da(8.16μg/L)和1 k DaMW3 k Da(5.50μg/L),其中MW1 k Da和10 k DaMW0.45μm两部分有机物占水合三氯乙醛前体物含量的75.55%。三维激发-发射矩阵荧光光谱结果表明水合三氯乙醛的主要前体物可能为类芳香性蛋白质和类微生物代谢产物等物质而非类富里酸和类腐殖酸。丙氨酸、天冬酰胺、天冬氨酸、半胱氨酸、组氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、牛血清白蛋白、鲱鱼精DNA等模式化合物是水合三氯乙醛主要前体物,其水合三氯乙醛生成量均大于30μg/mg C。

Dissolved organic matter (DOM ) from the representative summer sample with the highest chloral hydrate formation potential (CHFP)was fractionated by a series of ultrafiltration membranes into four groups based on molecular weight (MW). Three-dimensional excitation and emission matrix (3D-EEM)fluorescence spectroscopy was employed to characterize different MW fractions. Ultimately,CH yields of model compounds including 20 amino acids (AAs),bovine serum albumin (BSA),etc. during chlorination were investigated,aiming to screen main CH precursors. The results indicate that the highest CHFP occurs in MW<1 kDa fraction, with the value of 24. 81 μg/L,and the next are 10 kDa