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双语推荐：白马

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采用语料库方法，构建了一个具有4500余条词的白马藏语语音库，并做了规范的音标标注。该库涵盖了《藏语方言调查表》91%的词汇，包含了白马藏语固有的语音和词汇特征，完全能够代表白马藏语普遍的语言现象。依据语音库标注信息，从发音部位和发音方法两方面对白马藏语声母和韵母的音位系统进行了统计分析，获得了详细的白马藏语音系数据。同时，按发音方法归纳了声母与韵母的组合规律及其分布特征，总结了白马藏语语音与藏语书面语的对应关系，为今后的白马藏语研究提供了详实的数据和新的研究思路。
A speech database of Baima Tibetan has been constructed by applying corpus-based method. It con-tains more than 4,500 words with standard phonetic symbols, which covers 91%vocabulary of Survey of Tibetan Dialects, so it fully illustates phonetic and lexical features of Baima Tibetan and exhibits the common linguistic phenomenon of it. Based on the speech database, a statistical analysis of the phonological system of Baima Tibet-an has been done in the aspects of place of articulation and manner of articulation of consonants and vowels, which enable us to access to the detailed Baima Tibetan phonological data. Meanwhile, according to manner of articulation, the combination law of consonants and vowels as well as their distribution characteristics have been concluded, and the correspondence of spoken and written Baima Tibetan has been summarized, which offers data and new ideas for the further sudies of Baima Tibetan.

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白马藏族民间故事是在其特有的生活环境和社会习俗上形成的,这也决定了其自身的文化特质与存在的特殊性,本文通过分析白马藏族民间故事的内涵、特质、形成背景等,对白马藏族民间故事在民间、文化、现代人生活的功能影响和流传限制进行了总结。
Baima Tibetan folk story is on its unique living environment and social customs, which also determines its own cultural characteristics and the particularity of existence. This article through the analysis of the connotation, characteristics of baima Tibetan folk stories, forming background, etc., in baima Tibetan folk stories, folk culture and modern life function influences and restrictions are summarized.

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人是时间与空间的二维存在。在传统的农业社会里，村落是一个民族存在的特定生活空间，这一生活空间的建构总是遵循着民族的文化个性。就白马藏族的村寨而言，白马部族聚居空间的历史性、聚族而居的族群意识以及“血缘-姻缘”并重的传统伦理价值规范，共同构成了白马藏族村落建构的文化逻辑所在。
Human beings are two-dimensional existence of the time and space.In the traditional agricul-tural society,village is often specific living space of a national existence.And the construction of this living space always follows a national cultural personality.As for the village of Baima Tibetan,the historic signifi-cance of their living space,the ethnic consciousness of their clan lives,and the same importance of“blood and marriage”in the traditional ethics constitute j ointly the cultural logic of the construction of Baima Ti-betan villages.

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白马藏族的"面具舞"是"藏彝走廊"上极具民族特色的文化"活态"载体之一。本文拟在对白马藏族面具舞相关研究的学术回顾的基础上,梳理不同阶段所取得的相应学术成果及各自的学术关照点,进而归纳学术界关于白马藏族面具舞研究40年中存在的问题,以期为未来的相关研究提供必要的学术参照。
The mask dance of Baima Tibetans is a kind of living culture with ethnic characteristics .All the studies on mask dance of Baima Tibetans in recent forty years are reviewed in this article , and the a-chievement and academic ideas in this period are summarized , too.From these review, we can find the problems on mask dance of Baima Tibetans in this period , and can provide some references for the schol-ars in the future .

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陇南白马藏族民间故事在流传过程中具有版本差异性和情节共生性,题材来源虽然多种多样,但归纳其主要的类型,分别是族群历史的艺术呈现、底层意识的口传记录和地域叙事的民间色彩。这些重要故事题材类型,表现着白马藏族神奇丰富的想象力和艰难民族生活史的再现,格调或热情奔放、或忧愁哀怨,内容饱含欢乐、寂苦、坚韧、不懈进取等丰富经历和价值取向,为人们认识白马藏族独特的文艺生命力、复杂而多变的生存状态提供了指针,从而加深了人们对白马藏族文学与文化方面的多维理解。
Longnan Baima Tibetan folk tales have difference in version and symbiosis in plot in the process of spreading.Although the themes derive from a variety of sources,the main types can be classified as ethnic history,presentation of art,the oral record of consciousness of the bottom and geographical narrative with characteristic folk flavor.The important types and themes of the stories show the magical imagination of the Baima Tibetan and reproduce the history of their hard life.The styles of the stories are either passionate or dis-tressed and aggrieved,with their contents squeezing a message of happiness,loneliness and bitterness,tough-ness,and relentless enterprising.Their rich experiences and values gives people deep insight into their status of existence,which is of unique theatrical vitality,very complex and changeable,thus deepening the multi-dimensional understanding of Baima Tibetan literature and culture.

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白马山小岩体位于白马山金矿区内,构造位置上属南秦岭成矿亚带,岩体与矿床具有密切的空间关系。岩体的岩性以石英闪长岩为主,边缘为少量的黑云母二长花岗岩。地球化学特征表明,白马山Ⅰ型石英闪长岩属于高钾钙碱性岩石系列,为＂C＂型埃达克岩。早—中三叠世南秦岭地区处于板内伸展阶段,埃达克岩和喜马拉雅型花岗岩在空间上共存,说明三叠纪白马山岩体与俯冲洋壳关系不大,可能源于陆陆碰撞造成的加厚基性下地壳。下地壳发生变质作用转变为榴辉岩相,岩石圈地幔拆沉,造成软流圈上涌、岩石圈伸展和下地壳部分熔融,岩浆混合形成白马山埃达克岩岩浆,对寻找金铜矿产具有一定的指导意义。
Baimashan small rock,related to the gold deposit in spacial,is located in the Baimashan gold deposit area,the South Qinling ore-forming sub-belt.It is dominanted by the granodiorite and minor biotite monzonite at the marginal part.Geochemical characters indicate that Baimashan quartz diorite belong to the high K calc-alkalic series,however,they also have more similar geochemical characters to the“C”type adakite than the“O”type adakite.The tectonic nature of lithosphere in South Qinling was characterized by transition from compression to extention in the Early-Middle Triassic period.The granites of adakite in the South Qinling area may resulted from partial melting of the mafic lower crust(basalts) in the thickened lower crust,and mixing with the mafic magma, due to the lithospheric stretching and the asthenosphere upwelling,which can provide some clues to the collision between the North China Plate and the Qinling micro-plate,and also direct copper-gold prospecting.

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根据白马寺水文站1965-2010年实测大断面资料,点绘1982年大水汛前和汛后河道断面变化图、河底逐年变化趋势图,进行洛河白马寺河段河道断面冲於分析。结果表明,一场大水河道冲刷7m左右,小水年份河槽逐渐淤积,受人为采沙影响,河道下切严重。结论为洛河治理和岸坡防护提供了依据。
Based on the measured large cross section data in Baimasi hydrological station from 1965 to 2010 ,the variation-diagram of river-section and river-bottom-elevation were protracted before and after flood in 1982 ,and the scouring and siltation of the section in Luohe River was analyzed .The results show that ,the river is scoured about 7 m after flood and the river-channel is silted in the drought year ,and the river-channel is undercutted seriously affected by the artificial sand-extraction .The analysis conclusion can provide the basis for river regulation and Bank protection of Luohe River .

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白马山金矿床位于南秦岭南成矿亚带。矿体呈NE向＂雁列式＂展布,受地层（灰岩、板岩）和NE向次级断裂的复合制约,NE向次级断裂是矿区主要的控矿因素（构造）,矿体赋存于灰岩与大理岩的接触部位以及板岩中。热液蚀变主要为黄铁矿化、大理岩化和绿泥石化。金以显微金为主,偶见自然金。通过对比白马山金矿与大桥和鹿儿坝卡林型金矿的特征发现,这些矿床在Au-Ag-As-Sb元素组合、矿石矿物组合和蚀变矿物组合等诸多方面具有一定的相似性,显示矿床具有＂低温热液成矿＂的特点,因此,白马山金矿床更接近于卡林型金矿,而与造山带金矿、岩浆热液型金矿区别较大。结合南秦岭区域地质背景和卡林型金矿的最新研究进展,推测白马山金矿床可能为断层型（类）卡林型矿床,建议下一步工作应重点围绕NE向次级断裂开展。
The Baimashan gold deposit is located in the south ore-forming sub-belt of the southern Qinling Moutains area.Moutains The Ore body is en echelon distribution taking on NE,and compoundly controlled by the stratum(limestone,slate) and NE to the second-order faults,which is the main ore-controlling factors(structure). Ore bodies occur in contact regions of the limestone and marble and the slate.Hydrothermal alterations are mainly pyrite,marbleization and chloritization.Gold is given priority to with microscopic gold,accidentally see natural gold. By comparing the features of Baimashan gold deposit with the carlin-type gold deposit of Daqiao,Luerba and Shuiyindong,found that these deposits have a certain similarity in Au-Ag-As-Sb elements combination,ore mineral composition and altered mineral combination,and showed the deposit with the epithermal ore forming characteristics.Therefore,Baimashan gold deposits is more close to the carlin-type gold deposit,and has a big difference for the or

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白马崖金矿床处于康滇地轴北,是康定杂岩体内典型的石英脉—蚀变岩型金矿床。矿区出露古老的变质结晶杂岩基底,多呈刚性较强的块状岩石,岩性以斜长角闪岩、黄铁绢英岩、绢英片岩和构造片岩等为主。矿石矿物以石英为主,占90%以上,含少量绢云母、黄铁矿及其他硫化矿物。矿区断裂以近SN向脆—韧性剪切断裂为主,具多期次活动特点。通过矿床地球化学主量元素、稀土元素、硫同位素及流体包裹体的研究,白马崖金矿区围岩与蚀变岩在稀土元素配分曲线上均表现为缓右倾型;白马崖金矿床δ34S变化于-2.1‰~4.4‰之间,均值为1.6‰;含矿石英中流体包裹体以富含CO2为特征。白马崖金矿床断裂构造发育,深部岩浆流体带来成矿物质,并对围岩进行改造,富集成矿,对于进一步的研究和找矿工作具有一定的指导意义。
The Baimaya gold deposit located in north of the Kang-Dian was typical quartz vein-altered rock type gold deposit in the Kangding complex rock mass.Old metamorphic crystalline complex mining area exposed basement and formed strong blocky rock rigidity mainly with amphibolite plagioclase,spun silk the schist as well as tectonic schist,etc.Key component of ore mineral was quartz that accounted for more than 90%,and contained a small amount of sericite,pyrite and other sulfide minerals.Fracture of mining area was seemed to be the SN direction with brittle-ductile shear fracture,which displayed various characteristics of the activity.Through studying the main elements of ore deposit geochemistry,rare earth elements,sulfur isotope,and fluid inclusion, obviously,surrounding rock and altered rock of the Baimaya gold deposit in rare earth elements distribution curve belonged to the right type.δ34S of the gold deposit varied between 2.1‰and 4.4‰ with the average of 1.6‰,and contai

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随着城市化发展,内河旅游开发成为城市旅游开发的热点。福州拥有丰富的内河资源,内河旅游作为一种生态旅游,将是新世纪旅游业重点的发展方向。以福州白马河为例,通过解读福州内河现状,运用战略分析法中的SWOT分析方法,基于白马河旅游的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战,从战略定位、水生态法制、管理体制、资源配置、水污染治理、旅游基础设施建设、旅游项目联动等角度,探索城市内河旅游开发战略。
Along with the development of urbanization, the inland river has become a hot issue in urban tourism development. Fuzhou tourism development has rich resources of inland river, inland river tourism as a kind of ecological tourism, wil be the direction of the new century. This paper takes Fuzhou Baima River as an example, through the understanding of current situation of Fuzhou River, uses strategic analysis method of SWOT analysis method, based on the Baima River tourism advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats, the strategic positioning, water ecological legal system, management system, resource allocation, water pollution, tourism infrastructure, tourism project linkage angle, and explores the city river tourism development strategy.

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