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双语推荐：穹顶

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索穹顶结构是张拉整体思想下产生的新的结构形式,目前应用较多的主要只有Levy型和Geiger型两种形式,但是索穹顶的形式是具有多变性的,本文首先介绍四种新形式索穹顶来说明索穹顶在平面立面上的形式变化,并通过ANSYS软件对四种新形式索穹顶进行初始预应力计算和模态确定,最后说明四种新形式的索穹顶的可行性。
The cable dome is new structures which from the Tensegrity structure, at present mainly used only Levy and Geiger two kind of cable domes, But the form of cable dome is changeable, This paper introduces four new forms of cable dome to illustrate the form of cable dome changes in plane and elevation, and calculate the initial prestress and modal by ANSYS software, at last illustrate the four new forms of cable dome is feasible.

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某港口博物馆有3个透明玻璃采光穹顶,采光顶主体结构为钢结构,龙骨采用铝合金型材,面材选用8＋1.52＋8＋12A＋8双银LOW-E玻璃,穹顶外设氟碳喷涂铝合金装饰构架。穹顶最高建筑高度为35m,距离大厅地面27.5m,穹顶中心与建筑边缘的最小直线距离为50m。重点介绍了玻璃采光穹顶的施工技术。
A port Museum has 3 transparent glass lighting dome, roof for the main structure of the steel structure, keel for the use of aluminum alloy profiles, surface material selection of 8+1.52+8+12A+8 double silver LOW-E glass dome peripherals, fluorocarbon spraying aluminum alloy decoration frame. Dome maximum building height of 35 m, 27.5 m distance from the lobby of the ground, and the construction of the dome minimal distance is 50 m. Mainly introduces the construction technology of glass lighting dome.

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介绍上海月星环球港太阳厅穹顶和花园中厅穹顶的音频设计方案，突出背景音乐的主题内容与环境的搭配。
The sound designs of sun palace dome and central nave dome of the garden in Shanghai Yuexing global port were introduced, aiming to highlighting the collocation between content in background music and environment.

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以南京禄口国际机场二期建设工程为例，通过分析比选，该机场换乘大厅的穹顶采用了弦支穹顶钢结构，并对机场交通中心穹顶工程的结构受力、张拉施工、监测控制等工艺进行了研究，获得了较好的成果，为今后类似工程的施工提供了参考借鉴。
Taking Nanjing Lukou international airport( NKG)phase 2 construction as an example,through analysis and comparison,the dome of transportation exchange hall applies steel suspend-dome. This article makes a series analysis and research about structural bearing,tension appli-cation and monitoring control etc. ,and finally gets a perfect result,which makes it a reference for future similar projects.

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穹顶屋面造型在阿尔及利亚属于比较普遍的一种伊斯兰建筑风格,穹顶屋面一般为半球屋面造型,清真寺祈祷大厅及公共建筑屋面多采用此造型。此种结构大多采用钢筋混凝土结构,各个施工环节难度均大于普通混凝土结构。在实践的基础上,总结了比较完善的穹顶半球屋面施工技术,能够满足结构施工要求。
the dome roof shape belongs to a kind of Islamic architectural style prevalent in Algeria, the dome roof generally is hemispherical roof shape of mosque prayer hall and public buildings roof. The most of structure is the reinforced concrete, it is more difficult for construction technology than normal concrete structure. This paper summarizes a set of construction technology of roof dome hemisphere on the basis of practice, which meets the requirement of structure construction.

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向家坝水电站升船机渡槽段为大跨度穹顶结构，其下部为电站厂房安装间，穹顶施工时也正是机组安装的关键时期。为确保穹顶施工过程中不发生高空掉物和自身的施工安全，将原设计的“贝雷桥架模板支撑体系＋现浇方案”改为“弧形移动支撑样架＋预制弧形拱＋安全防护桁架”的施工方案，有效避免了穹顶模板拼装及上部混凝土施工期间对下部安装间机组安装的干扰，确保了施工安全，缩短了直线工期。
The ship-lift′s aqueduct section of Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station is above the assembly bay of the powerhouse with long-span dome .The dome construction is in the key period of generating unit installation .In order to ensure the construc-tion safety without object falling , the construction scheme of arc -shaped mobile supporting frame plus precast arch and safety protection truss"is adopted to replace the original design of Bailey frame formwork support system plus the cast -in-place.It is proved that the new scheme effectively avoids the interference to the installation of generating units from the dome template assem -bly and the upper concrete construction , so as to ensure the construction safety and shorten the critical construction period .

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文章设计制作了体育馆伸缩穹顶牵引小车机组及其滑动轴承环境因素变形补偿装置,可有效实现伸缩穹顶自如地开闭,确保整套牵引小车机组运行的高耐久性。
This article attempts to design the traction-cart unit for the stadium’s retractable dome and the sliding bearing’s compensation device for environment-factor deformation, which is expected to achieve the smooth opening and closing of the retractable dome as well as ensure the durability of the traction-cart unit.

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常州市体育馆椭圆抛物面钢屋盖采用由Levy索杆系和单层网壳构成的弦支穹顶结构,与已研究的常规弦支穹顶相比,其具有体量大,矢跨比高和外形为椭圆抛物面的特点。将弦支穹顶与单层网壳进行稳定性对比研究,包括构件屈曲、线性屈曲和几何非线性屈曲等,分析了高矢跨比弦支穹顶中索杆系的作用以及对结构设计起控制作用的破坏形式。研究结果表明,索杆系增加了弦支穹顶的整体性,降低了其对初始几何缺陷的敏感性,但对结构刚度、基本自振周期和模态、构件屈曲荷载、线性屈曲荷载、无初始缺陷的非线性屈曲荷载、屈曲模态等影响不大。高矢跨比弦支穹顶仍对初始缺陷较为敏感,稳定性仍是结构设计控制因素之一。此外,由于椭圆抛物面外形,活荷载布置形式对结构屈曲模态影响较大,且满跨活荷载并不一定是最不利的活荷载布置形式。
The steel roof of the Changzhou Municipal Gymnasium is a suspen-dome structure, which consists of levy cable-strut system and single-layer reticulated shell. Compared with conventional suspend-domes, this suspend-dome with an elliptic paraboloid has a greater span(120m) and a rise-span ratio (1/3.7). Through member buckling analysis, linear and geometric nonlinear buckling analysis, comparative studies on stability of suspend-dome and single-layer shell were conducted to understand the influence of cable-strut system on the stability of the suspend-dome of high rise-span ratio, which was the key failure mode. Cable-strut system enhances the structural integrity, decreases the sensitivity to initial geometric defect, but influences little on structural stiffness, fundamental natural period and mode, member buckling load, linear buckling load, geometric nonlinear buckling load without initial geometric defect and buckling modes. The suspen-dome of high rise-span ratio is still sensitive

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中世纪中亚数学家阿尔·卡西在《算术之钥》中不但给出了5种伊斯兰建筑风格拱形门和球形穹顶的设计方案，而且用初等方法计算了其中拱形部分的表面积和体积，遗憾的是，他没有给出球形穹顶部分的表面积和体积的具体计算过程，只用文字叙述了用初等数学方法来计算其中第四类球形穹顶表面积和体积的基本思路，并直接给出了球形穹顶表面积和体积分别与其直径平方和直径立方之比的近似值。讨论了阿尔·卡西的初等算法，并用微积分方法来验证其算法的正确性，同时指出阿尔·卡西得到的数据与实际数据之间的误差。
In his book The Key to Arithmetic ,the central Asian mathematician al-Kashi,who belongs to middle ages,not only designed five types of Islamic arches and spherical domes,but also computed the areas and volumes of their arched parts by using elementary method.Unfortunately,he did not provide concrete algorithm about the computation of area and volume of the spherical dome parts,and only literally stated the basic idea of the computation of area and volume of the fourth type spherical dome part.He also provided the approximate values of the ratio of its surface to the square of diameter and the ratio of its volume to the third power of the diameter,respectively.In this paper,we discussed the elementary algo-rithm of al-Kashi and checked its exact value by using calculus,and at the same time,get the error between the two values.

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乌东德水电站尾水调压井为国内最大的竖井硐室群之一,其单个井身开挖断面为1 450 m2。为解决大跨径对地下硐室稳定带来的不利影响,调压井顶拱设计为球冠状。结合右岸尾水调压井球冠穹顶的实际开挖施工情况,从确保大跨度硐室开挖稳定和利于球冠穹顶成型的角度,系统简述了巨型球冠穹顶的开挖施工技术和方法,以期为今后特殊体型地下硐室开挖施工提供借鉴指导意义。
The tailrace surge tank in Wudongde Hydropower Station is one of the largest shaft chamber group in China , its single excavation section is 1 450 square meters .In order to solve the adverse effect of large span on the stability of underground chamber ,the top arch of surge tank should be designed as a spherical crown .Here ,combined with the ac-tual situation of the tailrace surge tank excavation in the right bank of the spherical dome ,and from the point of view for ensuring the large-span chamber excavation stability and conducing to the spherical dome shaping ,the technique and method of super spherical dome construction were described systematically ,so as to provide some references for the exca-vation construction of special-typed underground chambers in the future .

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