文章以矿业工程特色数据库建设中灰色文献与“类白色”文献的开发与建设的实践经验为例，介绍了灰色文献与“类白色”文献的内涵和类型，阐述了中国矿业大学图书馆收集灰色文献与“类白色”文献的途径，提出了灰色文献与“类白色”文献收集中所应遵循的原则。

Making the practical experience of development and construction of grey literature and “ white literature” in characteristic database of mining engineering as an example, this paper introduces the connotation and type of grey literature and“white literature” and the way to collect them in Library of China University of Mining and Technology .The principle to follow in collection of gray literature and white literature is discussed.

近年来,覆膜种植面积不断增大,农田里残留的各种地膜数量不断增加,造成了农田的"白色污染"。研究农田残膜的回收和再利用是解决"白色污染"问题的有效途径。通过实地调研和文献研究,了解宁夏地区农田残膜回收和再利用工作的基本情况,总结出宁夏农田残膜回收和再利工作中存在的问题。借鉴国内外先进经验,提出:加强宣传,营造氛围;以质量标准规范生产;积极进行研发和选型工作,确定适宜机型;强化财政补贴政策;制定规划、纳入考核项目等农田残膜回收与再利用的方法。并探索确定适宜宁夏应用的残膜机械化回收与加工再利用配套机具技术和长效运行机制。

In recent years, the residual plastic films in the farmlands are increasing continuously with the increase of film-mulching planting area and resulting in "white pollution" in the farmlands. Research on the recycling and reuse of the farmland plastic films is an effective way to solve the "white pollution" problem. Based on the field research and literature study the basic situation of the farmland plastic film recycling and reuse is better known and the problems currently existing in the work of the plastic film recycling and reuse in Ningxia are summarized. Learning from the advanced experiences from both domestic and abroad, it is suggested that the following measures should be adopted: publicity should be strengthened to create an atmosphere; production should be carried out according to the quality standards; researches and selection should be conducted actively to identify the machine models which are suitable for local area; financial subsidy policy should be strengthened; a sch

目的研究2,4-二氯苄醇的消毒性能。方法采用载体定量杀菌实验和文献调研相结合的方式,研究2,4-二氯苄醇有效杀菌浓度和安全性。结果 2,4-二氯苄醇浓度在0.2%~0.3%之间,对大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、金黄色葡萄球菌作用1min,菌落杀灭对数值均3.00。经文献检索,大鼠经口LD50为3000 mg/kg,亚急性毒性结果为阴性;1%的2,4-二氯苄醇对皮肤无刺激。结论 2,4-二氯苄醇可用于皮肤消毒和卫生手消毒,具有良好的安全性。

objective To research the disinfection efficacy of 2, 4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol. Methods The effective bactericidal concentration and safety of 2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol were evaluated by quantitative germicidal test and literature research. Results The average killing log value of 0.2%-0.3%2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans for 1 min were all larger than 3.00. As already reported, the oral LD50 for rats was 3000 mg/kg, the subacute toxicity test showed negative, and 1%of 2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol had no stimulation on the skin. Conclusion 2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol is an effective and safe disinfectant, without toxicity and skin irritation, which is suitable for the disinfection application on skin and hand.

测定了来自江苏省10个市的杂草稻样品的Rc基因序列(全长6.4kb),并整理现有文献中全球166份稻属的Rc基因序列。序列共线性分析表明,江苏杂草稻Rc基因等位基因类型全部为Rc野生型。核苷酸多态性和单倍型分析表明,10份江苏杂草稻Rc基因的核苷酸多态性(π=0.19)和分离位点比率(θw=0.28)均高于56份美国杂草稻(π=0.09;θw=0.07)。单倍型的进化网络和系统进化树分析表明,江苏杂草稻Rc基因并非直接来源于普通白色栽培稻回复突变。此外,发现连云港穞稻和安徽塘稻的Rc基因序列与栽培稻相似,而与江苏目前正在发生危害的杂草稻Rc基因距离较远。

Rc gene(about 6.4 kb)of 10 weedy rice samples from 10 cities in Jiangsu Province was sequenced and 1 66 Rc full-length sequences of Oryza genus in literatures were reviewed.Colinear sequence analysis showed that Rc allele of Jiangsu weedy rice was wild genotype.Nucleotide polymorphism and haplotype analysis showed that Rc nucleotide polymorphism (π=0.1 9)and separation loci ratio (θw =0.28)of 10 weedy rice samples in Jiangsu Province were higher than that of 5 6 weedy rice samples from the United States (π=0.09;θw =0.07).Haplotype network and evolutionary phylogenetic analysis showed that Rc gene of weedy rice in Jiangsu was not directly derived from the revertant mutation of white cultivar.In addition,Rc gene sequences of Ludao from Lianyungang,Jiangsu and Tangdao from Anhui were similar to that of cultivated rice,while genetically distant from weedy rice samples which has been leading to serious infestation in Jiangsu Province.