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双语推荐:人工伴侣

E.coli作为目前应用最为广泛的原核表达系统,在异体表达蛋白质的过程中容易形成无活性的包涵体.蛋白质复性,即如何高效地将无活性的包涵体转变成为有活性的蛋白质,已成为基因工程蛋白产业化的瓶颈.而利用分子伴侣的协助折叠特性进行的蛋白质复性技术正成为这一领域的研究热点.本文针对这一技术,综述了分子伴侣的功能和种类、各种分子伴侣体系的作用原理及在蛋白质复性中的应用情况,并简单介绍了人工分子伴侣.
Inclusion bodies are easily formed when recombinant proteins are expressed in E.coli system, and how to renature these inclusion bodies is now becoming the key problem in the genetic engineering. The protein refolding assisted by the molecular chaperone systems is promised to improve the protein renaturation efficiency. Some kinds of molecular chaperone systems and their functions as well were reviewed in this paper. Meantime, the mechanism and applications of molecular chaperone systems in the renaturation of proteins were presented. The artificial molecular chaperone systems were also briefly introduced.

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目的了解城市育龄妇女人口流产特征、现状,分析避孕失败原因.方法采用连续抽样法,由经过培训的专业医生使用统一调查表对2011年6月至2011年12月到昆明市某两家市级医院进行人工流产的397例妇女进行调查.结果未婚占39.3%,57.7%研究对象曾做过人工流产,其中27.0%有〉12次人工流产史.30.7%在20岁前发生首次性行为.最主要的避孕方法为使用避孕套,避孕知识的正确认知率较低,伴侣双方共同参与避孕意识较高.影响重复流产的因素有年龄、文化程度和获取避孕药具的途径.结论应该采取包括流产后服务(PAC)在内的多种措施,提高城市育龄妇女的避孕知识和能力,降低人工流产率.
Objective To determine the situation of contraceptive use and impact factors among reproductive-age women seeking abortion in Kunming which was in the southwest of China in order to provide information for improving contraceptive use. Methods A hospital-based study was conducted among 397 women of reproductive age, seeking abortion in hospitals of different levels in Kunming from June 2011 to December 2011. They were face to face interviewed by the trained investigators with the questionnaires. Results Among 397 women, 229 cases (57.7%) had experienced induced abortion. Abortion accounted for 61.7% of married women, and unmarried accounted for 39.3%. About 36.3%never used any contraceptives, and only 21.4%of respondents used contraceptives at every intercourse. The main contraceptive before this pregnancy was condom (68.9%) . The use of contraceptives was mainly decided by couple (73.4%) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that respondents'' age, educational level and

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艾滋病,即获得性免疫缺陷综合征,是人类因为感染人类免疫缺陷病毒后导致免疫缺陷,并发一系列机会性感染及肿瘤,严重者可导致死亡的综合征。 HIV感染者和艾滋病患者是本病的唯一传染源。 HIV主要存在于感染者和患者的血液、精液、阴道分泌物、乳汁中,主要传播途径有:①性行为:与已感染的伴侣发生无保护的性行为,包括同性、异性和双性性接触。②静脉注射吸毒③母婴传播。④血液及血制品(包括人工受精、皮肤移植和器官移植)。握手,拥抱,礼节性亲吻,同吃同饮,共用厕所和浴室,共用办公室、公共交通工具、娱乐设施等日常生活接触不会传播HIV。
AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome that is because humans infected with the human immunodeficiency virus that causes immune deficiency after the defect, complicated series of opportunistic infections and tumors, severe cases can result in death syndrome. HIV-infected people and AIDS patients are the only source of infection of this disease. Mainly in HIV infection and the patient''s blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk, the main route of transmission are: sex: with an infected partner unprotected sex, including homosexual, heterosexual and bisexual contact.②Intravenous drug users. ③MTCT intravenous drug use.④blood and blood products (including artificial insemination, skin grafts and organ transplants). Shaking hands, hugging, kissing courtesy, eat and drink, shared toilets and bathrooms, shared offices, public transport, recreational facilities and other daily contact does not spread HIV.

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目的:探讨高危型人乳头瘤病毒感染(HR-HPV)相关危险因素。方法:对360例志愿者进行宫颈HR-HPV检测,并对志愿者一般情况、性生活情况、孕产情况等进行问卷调查。结果:女性月收入情况、伴侣酗酒情况及有无阴道念珠菌感染不是HR-HPV感染的危险因素(P〉0.05),初次性生活的年龄、被动吸烟情况、性伴侣的数目、性伴侣的性对象数目、性生活时避孕套的使用情况及人工流产的次数是HR-HPV感染的危险因素(P〈0.05);初次性生活年龄偏小和性伴侣的性对象数目多是影响HR-HPV感染的独立危险因素。结论:女性宫颈HR-HPV感染与多种因素有关,初次性生活年龄偏小和性伴侣的性对象数目多是独立高危因素。
Objective:To investigate the related high-risk factors of human papilloma virus(HR-HPV).Methods:Detected cervical HR-HPV in 360 volunteers,and conducted a questionnaire survey on general,sexual life,pregnancy of the volunteers.Results:The risk factors of female’s monthly income,mate drinking and no vaginal Candida infection which was not infected with HR-HPV(P>0.05),the age of first sexual life,passive smoking,the number of sexual partners,the number of sexual partners’sex objects,condom usage and the number of induced abortion was the risk factors of HR-HPV infection(P<0.05);That the age of the first sexual activity was too young,and the number of sexual partners’objects was larage were the independent risk factors of HR-HPV infection. Conclusion:HR-HPV infection of the cervix is related to variety of factors,age of the first sexual activity is too young,and the number of sexual partners’objects is larage are the independent risk factors.

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