通过制备添加由磷脂、单甘油脂、Span60两两复配（1：3／1：1／3：1，w／w）月桂酸型代可可脂（CBS）模型巧克力，研究添加复配乳化剂对CBS巧克力物化性质影响。结果表明，复配乳化剂种类和添加量均对CBS巧克力物性产生显著影响；其中，磷脂／Span60复配添加使巧克力表面△WI值增加趋势延缓，具有较好延缓起霜作用。

The effects of the mixed emulsifiers on physico–chemical properties of cocoa butter substitutes(CBS)based chocolate were studied by preparing the mode chocolate adding the mixtures of lecithin,monoglyceride and span 60(1∶3/1∶1/3∶1,w/w),repectively. The results showed that mixed emulsifier types and additive amounts of emulsifiers have significant impacts on physico–chemical properties of CBS based chocolate. The lecithin/span 60 compound made ?WI value of chocolate surface increasing slowly,having good role to delay the chocolate bloom.

自上世纪末以来,中国的可可制品市场一直保持着10%以上的年均增长率,远高于3%的国际平均增长率,已经成为重要的可可制品市场。然而由于历史发展及技术水平等多方面的原因,中国的可可市场基本被外资控制,国内企业在可可种植、加工及销售环节都没有话语权,可可产业的产业安全受到严重威胁。为了寻找适合中国本土企业的可可产业发展道路,从分析国际及国内可可产业情况出发,我们提出了以满足中国市场可可制品个性化需求为导向的中国可可产业发展战略。

China’s cocoa product market has maintained an average annual growth rate of over 10% for more than ten years, much higher than the world average of 3%. Cocoa product market has become more and more important. However, China’s cocoa market is mainly controlled by foreign multinational companies. The industrial security of local cocoa industry is seriously threatened. In order to find the suitable development road for China’s local cocoa companies, based on the analysis of domestic and international market, we propose a personalized China cocoa industry development strategy.

目的建立测定己酮可可碱肠溶片中己酮可可碱含量的方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法测定己酮可可碱含量。色谱柱:COSMILC18柱(4.6 mm×250.0 mm,5.0μm);检测波长:272 nm;流动相:甲醇-0.544%磷酸二氢钾溶液(48∶52);柱温:30℃;流速:1.0 mL/min;进样量:20μL。结果己酮可可碱质量浓度为60.25~140.59μg/mL时峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系(R2=1.000)。3批样品的平均含量分别为99.91%、99.95%、99.89%。结论高效液相色谱方法专属性强、方便、快捷,适用于测定己酮可可碱肠溶片中己酮可可碱的含量。

Objective To establish a method for the content determination of pentoxifylline in pentoxifylline enteric-coated tablets. Methods High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the content of pentoxifylline. The chromatographic column was COSMILC18(4.6 mm×250.0 mm,5.0μm);the detection wavelength was 272 nm;the mobile phase was methanol-0.544%monopotassium phosphate(48∶52);the column temperature was 30℃;the flow velocity was 1.0 mL/min, and the injection volumn was 20μL. Results When the concentrations of pentoxifylline was in the range of 60.25-140.59μg/mL, the peak area had good linear relationship with concentration(R2=1.000). The average contents of pentoxifylline in three batches of samples were 99.91%,99.95%,99.89%respectively. Conclusion The HPLC is specific,convenient and fast,it is suitable for content determination of drugs in pentoxifylline enteric-coated tablets.

建立了测定香精中可可碱的超高效液相色谱方法。以超纯水为萃取剂,采用ACQUITY UPLCRBEH C1(82.1 mmi.d×50 mm,1.7μm);柱温为30℃;流动相为甲醇-水,进行梯度洗脱;流速为0.1 mL/min;检测波长为274 nm,对20种香精样品进行测定。结果表明:可可碱标准品的色谱峰峰型尖锐且对称;在0.16 mg/L~8.00 mg/L范围内呈良好线性关系(r=0.999 8);可可碱相对标准偏差在0.14%～1.58%之间,平均回收率在91.86%～93.70%之间。

@@@@To establish a method for Simultaneous determination of theobromine in tobacco flavor by reversed phase ultra performance liquid chromatography.20 kinds of tobacco flavor samples were extracted by water separated at 30℃on ACQUITY UPLC RBEH C18 (2.1 mm i.d×50 mm,1.7μm) column eluted with methanol-water as the mobile phase .Flow rate was set at 0.1 mL/min and the detection wavelength was set at 274 nm. The results indicated that:The chromatographic peak of theobromine standard samples were sharp and symmetric. The calibration curve of theobromine was linear within the range from 0.16 to 8.00 mg/L(r=0.999 8). The RSD of theobromine were from 0.14 %to 1.58 %in three days,and the average recoveries of theobromine were from 91.86 % to 93.70 %.

确定黑木耳“黑皮病”的病原菌。根据科赫法则，从黑龙江省和吉林省的多个黑木耳主产区采集病原菌样本，经分离纯化得到病原菌菌株，通过对菌落、分生孢子和菌丝等形态观察及鉴定确认，从黑木耳代料栽培袋中分离出的致病病原菌，其形态与可可毛色二孢菌Lasiodiplodiatheobromae最为相似。为进一步确认该病原菌的分类地位，提取其ITS序列并与该属内11个不同品种进行系统分析。将该菌的ITS序列与GenBank中已知可可毛色二孢菌Lasiodiplodia theobromae比对，其遗传距离差异为0.0000，相似度为99.999%，与形态学鉴定结果一致。在东北地区造成黑木耳“黑皮病”的病原菌为可可毛色二孢菌。

To identify the pathogen causing black skin of Auricularia auricular. According to Koch rule, Auricularia auricular pathogens samples were collected in Heilongjiang and Jilin,Pathogn strains were isolated and purified,Through the morphological observation and identification of the colonies, spores and hyphaes,it was confirmed that the morphology of pathogenicbacteria isolated from Auricularia auricular substitute cultivation bag was most similar with Lasiodiplodia theobromae.To further confirm the taxonomic status of pathogenic bacteria, its ITS sequences were extracted and systematic analysis was conducted with the 11 different species within the genus. The ITS sequencesof the bacteria was comparedwith Lasiodiplodia theobromae known in the GenBank,the genetic distance difference was 0.0000,the similarity was 99.999 %, consistent with the result of the morphological identification. In the northeast of China,the pathogen causing black skin of Auricularia auricular was Lasiodip