辛烷值是汽油质量的主要指标之一,提高汽油辛烷值,生产高品质汽油是炼油工业的重要任务。文章综述了提高催化裂化汽油辛烷值方法的研究进展,包括优化催化裂化装置操作条件、添加汽油辛烷值促进剂及采用新工艺技术等,对提高催化裂化汽油辛烷值方法的研究方向进行了展望。

The octane number was one of main quality indexes of gasoline. Improvement of gasoline octane number and produce high quality gasoline was an important task for refining industry. The research progress in the methods of improving octane number of FCC gasoline were reviewed, included optimizing operation conditions of catalytic cracking unit, adding gasoline octane number promoting agent and using new technologies. The research direction of methods of improving octane number of FCC gasoline was prospected.

以规划新建12 Mta加工沙特中质原油的大型炼油厂为例,采用PIMS线性规划模型,以最大化多产清洁汽油为主要目的,比较了方案1(常压渣油加氢脱硫+重油催化裂化)和方案2(渣油加氢脱硫+重油催化裂化+加氢裂化)两种核心总工艺流程。结果表明,在正常的加工模式下,方案1的汽油产量可达到4.474 4Mta,远高于方案2的4.051 6 Mta。在方案1的基础上,通过催化裂化轻汽油醚化、液化气的烷基化以及副产的苯与催化裂化干气中的稀乙烯合成乙苯等措施进一步增产汽油,可增产汽油组分0.718 Mta,同时通过优化汽油池中各调合组分的比例,使混合汽油产品性质满足GB 17930—2013清洁汽油产品质量指标要求。

The grass-root large-scale refinery with a capacity of 12. 0Mt/a processing Saudi Arab medium crude is studied for maximizing clean gasoline production by PIMS linear programming mode. Two typical refining configurations of Case 1 (the combination of ARDS+RFCC)and Case 2 (the combi-nation of RDS+RFCC and VGO HCR)are compared. The results show that the Case 1 with 4. 4744 Mt/a gasoline production is better than the Case 2 with 4. 051 6 Mt/a gasoline. Based on Case 1 selected, more gasoline with the production of 0. 718Mt/a can be further increased by FCC light fraction etherifi-cation,LPG alkylation and ethylbenzene synthesis of benzene and thin ethylene in RFCC. And clean gasoline product meeting the GB 17930-2013 standard can be obtained by optimization of blending ratio of the gasoline pool components.

介绍了中国石油石油化工研究院和中国石油大学（北京）联合开发的 GARDES 技术在中国石油大庆石化公司炼油厂汽油加氢脱硫装置上的工业应用情况。结果表明：催化裂化汽油预加氢处理后二烯值降低到0．45 gI？（100 g）以下，分馏后轻汽油硫醇硫质量分数小于3μg？g，可直接用于汽油调合，无需碱液脱硫醇处理，催化裂化汽油硫质量分数由97～103μg？g 降至26μg？g，脱硫率为74％；产品汽油硫醇硫质量分数小于10μg？g，平均 RON 损失仅为0．3个单位，可以用于生产满足国Ⅳ排放标准的清洁汽油组分。

The application of GARDES technology developed by PetroChina Petrochemical Institute and China University of Petroleum (Beijing)in FCC gasoline hydrodesulfurization unit of Daqing Petro-chemical Company Refinery was introduced. The results show that the diene value of FCC gasoline is less than 0.45 gI?(100 g)after prehydrotreating. The mercaptane sulfur content of LCN is less than 3 μg?g,which can be blended into gasoline directly without alkali sweetening process. The sulfur con-tent of FCC gasoline after HDS is decreased from 97—103 μg?g to 26 μg?g,the sulfur removal rate is 74%. The mercaptane sulfur content in final product is less than 10 μg?g,and the average octane loss is only 0.3 point. The GARDES technology can be used to produce clean gasoline meeting the reguirement of national phase Ⅳ standard.

国内某石化公司1 Mt/a的催化裂化装置出现了重汽油干点偏高的情况。通过分析装置现有操作数据并针对该数据进行了详细核算,找到了导致重汽油干点偏高的具体原因。分析讨论了重汽油干点的影响因素,并提出了降低重汽油干点的调整方案。

The heavy gasoline from 1 Mt/a FCC unit in a domestic petrochemical company has higher end boiling point. In this paper, through analyzing and calculating the existed operating data, specific reasons to cause higher end boiling point were determined. The influence factors of heavy gasoline end boiling point were discussed, and the solutions were put forward.

中国石化石油化工科学研究院在 RSDS-Ⅱ技术基础上开发的催化裂化汽油选择性加氢脱硫催化剂调控技术（RSAT）在中国石化青岛石油化工有限责任公司进行了工业应用，标定结果表明：采用 RSAT 技术可以生产满足国Ⅳ排放标准的汽油（硫质量分数小于50μg？g）和国Ⅴ排放标准的汽油（硫质量分数小于10μg？g），且辛烷值损失小；在生产满足国Ⅴ排放标准的汽油时，采用 RSAT 技术比采用 RSDS-Ⅱ技术得到的产品 RON损失降低0．4个单位，表明 RSAT 技术具有更高的选择性。装置生产运行数据表明，在催化裂化汽油原料硫质量分数变化较大的情况下（391～1580μg？g），产品质量基本保持稳定，且装置可以长周期稳定运转，能够满足炼油厂汽油质量升级的需要。

The commercial results of FCC naphtha selective hydrodesulfurization catalyst regulation technology(RSAT)based on the RSDS-Ⅱ process in SINOPEC Qingdao Petrochemical Co. Ltd. show that the sulfur content of FCC naphtha can be dropped to less than 50 μg?g,meeting the standard of na-tional phase Ⅳ gasoline,or less than 10 μg?g,meeting the phase Ⅴ standard with less RON loss. In the late case,the RON loss is 0.4 point less than RSDS-Ⅱ process,indicating the better selectivity of RAST technology. The commercial data over the long run time demonstrate that the product quality re-mains stable,though the sulfur content of material varies in a large range (391—1 580 μg?g),which is to show that the RSAT technology can meet the requirement of gasoline quality upgrading.