谚语具有很强的民族性。利比里亚作为非洲最为古老的一个黑人共和国,在其漫长的历史年代中创造的谚语满载着精彩纷呈的利比里亚民族文化。利比里亚谚语的来源多样,谚语承载了利比里亚地理环境、时间观念、宗教信仰、饮食习惯、语言特色,以及民族心理等多种民族文化。

There are very strong national characteristics in the proverbs .As the oldest Republic Country in Africa , Liberia has its vast collections of proverbs .This paper explores the various sources of Liberian Proverbs and offers an analysis on national culture contained in Liberian Proverbs for the purpose of unveiling a real Li -beria .

目的 调查北京出发赴利比里亚维和人员的疟疾相关知识及行为选择情况,分析疟疾知识知晓率的影响因素,为指导赴利维和人员的健康教育工作提供依据.方法 对2013年在北京国际旅行卫生保健中心接受预防接种的中国赴利维和人员的疟疾知识及防护措施选择情况进行问卷调查与分析.结果 90.53％的维和人员知晓疟疾主要由蚊子传播,对于紧急备用药品(76.65％)及含避蚊胺(DEET)的驱蚊霜(53.30％)作用的知晓率低.曾赴非人员疟疾知晓率较首次赴非人员高.出国后疟疾防护措施选择长效驱蚊蚊帐(90.75％)的人员最多,选择室内滞留喷洒杀虫剂(62.56％)的最少.结论 应加强对于首次赴利比里亚维和人员的疟疾相关知识培训.赴利部队应注重营区卫生管理,结合多种预防措施全方位防控疟疾.

Objective To investigate the knowledge and behavior of Chinese Peacekeepers to Liberia on malaria prevention,and analyze influencing factors of people''s knowledge on malaria and thus provide evidence for further health education to Chinese Peacekeepers.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to measure Peacekeepers'' knowledge and behavior about malaria prevention.The Chinese Peacekeepers getting vaccination at Beijing International Travel Healthcare Center in 2013 took part in the survey.Results Most peacekeepers knew that mosquito were the major vector of malaria,while only 76.65％ and 53.30％ of them recognized the importance of emergency anti-malaria drugs and DEET repellents,respectively.Peacekeepers that had been to Africa have better knowledge of malaria prevention than those travelling to Africa for the first time.Most people (90.75％) chose long-lasting mosquito nets as first prevention abroad,while least people (62.56％) chose residual spraying of insecticides

2014年,西非地区暴发埃博拉出血热疫情,美国成功将2名在利比里亚感染埃博拉病毒的患者空运后送回本土医院治疗,引起国际社会关注。烈性病原体感染患者的空运后送涉及很多管理和技术难题,美国政府相关部门采取紧急措施,在当地实施紧急救治,评估患者后送可行性,协调实施空运后送,完善接收条件并实施隔离治疗,美国的做法值得借鉴。

In 2014,serious Ebola fever epidemic broke out in West Africa .Afterwards, the US transported two Ebola patients from Liberia by air, which aroused world wide concern .During the aeromedical evacuation , there were lots of tech-nical problems and management procedures involved .First, the US government toke emergency measures for the patients in a local hospital ,which made evacuation possible .Secondly , the US CDC and other government departments coordinated this matter during and after the evacuation .Finally,upon arrival at home the two patients received careful isolation and treat-ment.Thus, the successful aeromedical evacuation is instructive for us .

埃博拉出血热是一种烈性传染病，病死率高达90％。该病自1976年首次在前扎伊尔和苏丹发生流行至今，共发生比较有影响的疫情9次，流行或散发病例多次。今年2月以来，几内亚暴发埃博拉出血热疫情，并逐渐蔓延至利比里亚、塞拉利昂和尼日利亚四国。截至2014-08-13，西非国家累计报告病例2127例，死亡1145例。目前疫情仍在进一步扩散，引起了世界的广泛关注。该文对埃博拉出血热及埃博拉病毒的研究进展进行综述。

The Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EBHF) is a severe infectious diseases,with its high fatality rate up to 90%.There have been 9 times of outbreak about EBHF and some limited epidemic or sporadic cases from 1976 to now.The first time were happened in Former Zaire and Sudan .From February this year , EBHF broke out and spread from Guinea to Liberia, SierraLeone and Nigeria .By August 13,2014,there have been 2 127 cases,1 145 died in West Africa.Nowadays, many people focus on EBHF in the world because further development of the epidemic situa -tion.In this paper, the related research progress of EBHF and Ebola virus (EBOV) were reviewed.

2014年2月以来，埃博拉病毒病在几内亚、利比里亚、尼日利亚和塞拉利昂等西非国家相继暴发，截至8月底已造成3000多人感染、1800余人死亡，引起了全球的广泛关注，世界卫生组织（WHO）等国际组织和有关国家纷纷采取措施应对埃博拉病毒病的蔓延和扩散。目前，WHO已经宣布西非埃博拉病毒病疫情为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。为使国内兽医行业对此次全球埃博拉病毒病的流行及防控有所了解，特从疾病概况、人间流行情况、动物感染情况、防控和研究进展等几个方面对该病进行了介绍。

Since February 2014,Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa (including Guinea,Liberia, Nigeria and Sierra Leone) caused 3000 people infected and more than 1,800 people died (as of 31 August 2014). WHO and some countries pay more attention to this disease and take measures to prevent and control EVD. WHO has already announced EVD in West Africa as a public health emergency of international concern. In order to let veterinarians to learn epidemic and prevention and control of EVD,this article introduces some aspects of EVD,including disease characteristic,EVD epidemic in humans and animal,prevention and control on EVD,etc.