目的 探究我国在专科护士领域的研究现状,为培养和管理专科护理人才提供参考.方法 采用文献计量学方法,对收录在中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)、中文科技期刊数据库和中文科技期刊数据库中与专科护士有关的文献进行检索,对其文献数量、年度变化、文献类别、研究对象等进行分析.结果 共纳入符合标准的文献718篇,最早一篇为1992年综述类文献,而后文献数量逐年递增,文献以经验总结和综述类为主,ICU、手术室、急诊、糖尿病、肿瘤领域专科护士为研究热点.结论 我国关于专科护士的探索已在全国开展,但在定位、培训、认证、岗位管理等方面均缺少统一标准,亟待探索适合我国国情的专科护理人员发展之路.
Objective To describe the current status and existing problems on the specialist nurse in China and provide references for nurse management.Methods The following databases were searched:Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (SinoMed),China Academic Journal database,Chinese Science and Technology journals database,using the key words "specialty nurse","clinical nurse specialist" and "advanced practice nurse".Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied.Results Seven hundred and eighteen papers were eligible for inclusion.The earliest paper was published in 1992,then the number increased yearly.Most of the papers were reviews or summaries of experience,and the hotspot were about the nurse specialist in ICU,operating room,emergency,oncology and diabetes department.Conclusions The attempt about nurse specialist have been carried out in the whole country,but further improvement and practice are needed to solve the existing problems such as the definition,training,certific