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双语推荐:固化温度

采用有限元方法对由玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料和金属内衬组成的复合材料气瓶内固化成型工艺进行研究,利用ANSYS仿真软件开发了复合材料气瓶内固化过程的仿真程序,实现复合气瓶固化过程温度固化度变化规律的数值模拟研究。结果表明,数值模拟与实际实验数据较吻合,算法准确有效;复合材料气瓶固化时的温度是由复合材料内层至外层逐渐传递的,固化时的峰值温度由内向外逐渐提高,气瓶也是逐层固化的,而且固化时间是由内向外逐渐变短。根据模拟结果分析了金属内衬材质、环境温度和复合材料厚度对温度固化度变化规律的影响。结果表明,环境温度越高,固化时达到峰值温度的时间越早且峰值温度越低,开始固化的时间越早;复合材料越厚,达到峰值温度的时间越晚且峰值温度越高,开始固化的时间越晚;金属内衬材质对薄壁内衬的复合材料气瓶影响微小。
Internal heat-curing molding process of composite gas cylinder made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin and metal liner was studied with finite element method. The simulation program of the internal heat-curing molding process was developed on ANSYS software platform, which realized the numerical simulation research on the changing law of curing temperature and curing degree for the composite gas cylinder. The results indicate that the algorithm result based on the numerical simulation is accordance with the actual experimental data, so the algorithm is accurate and effective. During the curing process of the composite gas cylinder, the temperature is passed from the inner layer of the composite to its outer layer and the peak temperature in the curing process becomes higher from the inner layer to outer layer,the gas cylinder is cured step by step,and curing time becomes shorter gradually from the inner layer to outer layer. The influences of the metal liner materials,envi

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口腔材料在固化过程中温度会发生变化,通过检测材料的温度变化可以实时跟踪固化过程。本文依据相关口腔材料检测标准,构建了一个新型的自动化检测系统,检测口腔材料工作时间、固化时间。经过初步的试验结果表明,该检测系统能有效采集口腔材料固化过程中温度信号,跟踪温度变化,连续检测固化过程,绘制温度曲线,并能够依据标准要求自动处理曲线,从而得到口腔材料固化过程中高精度的工作时间、固化时间。
The temperature of dental materials in the curing process wil change, by testing of material temperature can be real-time tracking curing process. According to the related oral materials testing standards, this paper constructs a model of the automatic detection system, detection working time, seting time of dental materials. After a preliminary test results show that: The detection system can effectively colect temperature signal of oral materials in the curing process. By tracking the temperature changes, continuous detecting of the curing process, drawing the temperature curve which based on standards, so as to get high precision work time, curing time and curing process of oral materials.

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为优化树脂基复合材料修补片固化工艺参数,采用有限元分析方法,建立了复合材料层合板修补片热固化过程的物理模型和数学模型,基于这些模型对复合材料预浸料修补片固化过程中温度固化度的变化规律进行了数值模拟,分析了不同固化阶段预浸料修补片内部的温度分布,对比了修补片内部不同点的固化过程;研究了升温速率、补片厚度和补片形状等因素对补片固化过程中温度固化度的影响.仿真计算结果表明:升温速率越快,固化完成时间越短,但修补片内温度梯度越大;补片越厚,固化完成时间越短,且补片内部温度梯度越小;非穿透性挖补修理的补片形状对补片固化过程中温度固化度的影响可忽略.
In order to optimize the curing parameter of resin matrix composite patches,a physical model and a mathematical model for composite laminate patches during thermal curing process were established by finite element method. Based on these models,numerical simulations were made to study the variation rules of temperature and curing degree during the curing process of the composite prepreg patches. The internal temperature distributions in prepreg repair patches were analyzed for different curing stages,and the curing processes at different points inside the patches were compared. The influences of heating rate,the patch thickness,and patch shape on the temperature and curing degree during curing process were also studied. The simulation results show that a faster heating rate can shorten the time for completing the curing process,and result in a higher temperature gradient within the patch;a more thick patch needs a shorter curing time and has a lower internal temperature gradie

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用己二胺与双氰胺熔融缩聚,合成了一种新型潜伏性环氧树脂固化剂,并研究了其与环氧树脂的固化过程。用FTIR、XPS、1H NMR分析了固化剂的结构;用DSC分析得到了固化剂与环氧树脂的适宜配比、固化体系的适宜固化温度固化动力学参数;通过XRD分析了固化物的相结构;通过TG分析了固化物的热稳定性。结果表明,与双氰胺环氧树脂固化体系相比,固化温度降低近70℃,同时潜伏性能良好,30 d内固化度少于10%,热稳定性能良好,热分解温度超过300℃。
A new latent curing agent for epoxy resin was synthesized via melted polycondensation of dicyandiamide (DICY) and hexamethylenediamine. The structure of the curing agent was analyzed with FTIR, XPS, 1H NMR. The optimum ratio, suitable curing temperature and curing kinetic parameters of this epoxy resin curing system were studied with DSC. The phase structure of the cured epoxy resin was investigated with XRD. The thermostability of the cured epoxy resin was obtained by TG. Comparing with the DICY/EP curing system, curing temperature dropped by nearly 70℃. Latency performance was fine as curing degree was less than 10%within 30 days. Thermostability was nice as thermal decomposition temperature exceeded 300℃.
采用长纤维增强反应注射成型工艺制备了聚氨酯(PUR)/玻璃纤维(GF)复合材料,为了优化PUR/GF复合材料的固化工艺,运用DSC仪研究了GF对PUR固化动力学特性的影响,计算了PUR/GF复合材料的固化表观活化能和反应级数,并建立了相应的固化反应动力学方程。结果表明,随着GF的加入,PUR的固化特性对升温的敏感性降低,与纯PUR的表观活化能和指前因子相比,加入GF后其值有较大幅度增加,反应级数由0.7805变为0.529 9。GF的加入,使PUR/GF复合材料的固化反应热温度区域变宽,反应热明显减少,固化起始温度变化不大,固化峰值温度固化终止温度有所升高。
10.3969/j.issn.1001-3539.2013.05.016

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采用非等温示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究了环氧-聚酯低温透明粉末涂料体系的固化反应动力学。利用DSC数据,结合Kissinger、Doyle-Ozawa和Crane经验方程建立了该粉末涂料固化的动力学模型。结果表明:①该体系的凝胶温度固化温度和后固化温度分别为95℃、145℃和175℃。②固化反应的平均表观活化能Ea为67.82 kJ·mol-1,频率因子A为2.92×107,反应级数0.92。③该涂料的分解温度为302℃。
The non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is used to study the curing reaction kinetics of epoxy polyester low-temperature transparent powder coating system. The curing kinetic model of the powder coating system is established with DSC data, based on Kissinger, Doyle-Ozawa and Crane equations. The result shows: ① The gelation temperature, and curing temperature post curing temperature of the system are 95℃, 145℃and 175℃respectively.②The average surface curing reaction activation energy Ea is 67.82 kJ/mol-1, frequency factor A is 2.92×107 and the reaction order n is 0.92.③The decomposition temperature of the coating is 302℃.

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在一定比例的环氧树脂(EP)和线型酚醛树脂(PN)固化剂中加入丁酮溶解好的促进剂,制备了EP/PN体系。研究了不同促进剂对于EP/PN体系的固化反应动力学的影响。研究结果表明,2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑(2E4MZ)和三苯基膦(TPP)均可加速EP/PN体系的固化。使用外推法确定两体系的凝胶温度固化温度和后处理温度等特征温度,发现2E4MZ促进的固化体系其凝胶温度较低,而固化温度和后处理温度略高。同时利用Kissinger方程和Ozawa方程计算出2E4MZ促进体系的平均表观活化能为74.92kJ/mol,TPP促进体系的平均表观活化能为78.59kJ/mol。
EP/PN blends were prepared based on a certain proportion of (EP) and phenol formaldehyde (PN) curing agent, by adding accelerator butanone dissolves well. The influence of different accelerant,2-ethyl-4-methyl imidazole(2E4MZ) and triphenyl phosphorous(TPP),on curing reaction kinetics of EP/PN system was investigated. The results show that both 2E4MZ and TPP can improve thereactivity of EP/PN system. The proper gelling temperature,curing temperature and treating temperature were calculated by extrapolating method. It was found that 2E4MZ promoted curing system had lower gel temperature, and had slightly higher curing temperature and treating temperature. Then,the curing reaction kinetic parameters,such as apparent activation energy were calculated by Kissinger and Ozawa equations. The average apparent activation energy of EP/PN blends with 2E4MZ accelerator is 74.92 kJ/mol,the average apparent activation energy of EP/PN blends with TPP accelerator is 78.59 kJ/mol.
用差示扫描量热法( DSC)研究了自制柔性不饱和聚酯/甲基丙烯酸甲酯树脂( FUP/MMA)和柔性不饱和聚酯/甲基丙烯酸甲酯/T-60改性粉煤灰( FUP/MMA/CFA)复合体系的固化过程.利用Kissinger法、Oza-wa法求出FUP/MMA和FUP/MMA/CFA两体系固化反应的表观活化能分别为81.578 kJ· mol-1和77.231 kJ · mol-1;用ASTM E698-79标准方法求得两体系固化反应的指前因子lnA分别为20.40 s-1和19.15 s-1;结合Crane方程得到两体系的反应级数n分别为0.9377和0.9359;最终确定了固化反应的动力学方程.用T-β外推法确定了凝胶温度固化温度和后固化温度固化工艺温度
The curing kinetics of flexible unsaturated polyester /methyl methacrylate resin ( FUP/MMA) and flexi-ble unsaturated polyester resin/coal fly ash (FUP/MMA/CFA) system was studied with non-isothermal DSC.The ap-parent activation energy (Ea), pre-exponential factor (A) and reaction order (n) were obtained, where Ea =81.578 kJ· mol-1 , lnA =20.40 s-1 and n =0.937 7 for FUP/MMA system and Ea=77.231 kJ· mol -1 , lnA =19.15 s-1 and n =0.935 9 for FUP/MMA/CFA system with Kissinger method, Ozawa method, ASTM E698-79 method and Crane equation .Based on these parameters , kinetic equations for the curing of FUP/MMA and FUP/MMA/CFA sys-tems were established .Gelling temperature , curing temperature and treating temperature for each system were deter-mined by extrapolating T-β.

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通过丙烯酸酯AB胶和环氧树脂胶的拉伸剪切强度和粘结抗拉强度试验,研究不同胶层厚度、固化温度对试验结果的影响,试验结果表明,胶层厚度变大,结构胶剪切强度和粘结抗拉强度呈下降趋势;适当提高固化温度有利于提高固化程度,但是固化温度过高会造成粘结力下降,研究结果对建筑结构胶拉伸剪切强度和粘结抗拉强度的检测质量起到了保证作用,同时提高了检测结果的准确率。
Through testing bonding shear strength and tensile tensile strength of acrylates AB structural adhesive and epoxy resin structural adhesive,did some research about the influence of different adhesive thickness,curing temperature on the result of the test.The results show that when adhesive thickness increasing,structure adhesive bonding shear strength and tensile strength present a descending trend,an appropriate increase in curing temperature is helpful to improve the curing degree,but curing temperature is too high can cause bonding degree decline.The results play a rule on the quality of detection of building structure adhesive bonding tensile shear strength and tensile strength,and improve the accuracy of detection results.

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采用热引发前线聚合(TFP)方法固化了脂环族环氧树脂(221树脂),研究了固化剂用量、预热温度和反应器倾斜角度等因素对聚合前线的推动速率和前线温度的影响,并利用FTIR、DSC、TG等手段对固化物结构和热性能进行了表征。研究结果表明,固化剂用量越大或预热温度越高,引发前线聚合反应所需的时间越短,前线推动速率Vf越快,前线最高温度Tmax越高,达到最高前线温度所需时间越短;试管倾斜一定角度后,下行前线方向发生偏离,Vf有所下降;FTIR测试结果表明,采用TFP法得到的环氧固化物与采用传统热固化工艺得到的固化物有相似的红外吸收,DSC和TG测试结果表明前线聚合产物具有更高的玻璃化温度和更好的热稳定性。
The method of thermal frontal polymerization (TFP) was used to cure the selected alicyclic epoxy resin. The effect of the factors, including amount of curing agent, preheating temperature and tilt angle of reactor, on frontal velocity and frontal temperature was investigated. The structure and thermal properties of the cured products were characterized with FTIR, DSC and TG analysis. The results showed that both frontal velocity Vf and maximum frontal temperature Tmax increased with increasing amount of curing agent or preheating temperature, while initiation time and the time needed to reach the highest frontal temperature decreased. When the reactor tilted, the heading direction of the descending front would drift, and frontal velocity would tend to slow down. The analysis of FTIR spectrum indicated that the products obtained by the TFP method exhibited similar infrared absorption as compared to that of the products prepared by the traditional thermal curing method. DSC and TG result

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