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双语推荐：国民党

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中政会作为党与政府的连锁机关，是国民党政治的重要组成部分，其行政效率如何，直接影响着国民党及整个政治体制。笔者从中政会委员人数、委员兼职及会议体制三方面，对制约中政会行政效率的要素展开宏观与微观分析，揭示中政会会而不议、议而不决、决而不行的成因及其与国民党政治体制的关系。
The Central Political Committee as a chain between the party and government organs, which is an important part of the kuomintang political. The administrative efficiency of The Central Political Committee directly affect the operation of the kuomintang and the entire political system. This article discusses three aspects from the number of members, committee members part-time and conference system, through the analysis to the administrative efficiency restricting factors in the macro and micro, revealing The Central Political Committee without discuss, discuss without decisions, make decisions without execution of genesis and its relationship with the kuomintang political system.

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抗战时期,国共两党都在沦陷区开展游击战。抗战进入相持阶段后,国民党军队挑起国共磨擦。国共磨擦是国民党军事限共的主要形式。国民党的限共磨擦并未达到目的,反而加速了国民党敌后游击战的失败。
During the anti-Japanese war,the CPC and KMT both launch the guerrilla battles in the Japanese-occupied areas.The KMT and CPC come across frequent frictions because of the attempted re-strictions the KMT desires on CPC.Yet KMT comes to its rapid failure.

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早期国民党人对阶级斗争有着相当准备的认识,但国民党主张阶级调和,反对阶级斗争。然而在国民革命实践中,存在着大量的阶级斗争事实,以省港罢工来说,以反对帝国主义为直接斗争目标,使得其中的阶级斗争呈现出既联合又斗争的现象。国民党在扶助农工同时,提倡工商联合积极协调双方的矛盾纷争,虽有一定成效,但由于国民党阶级的局限性,也因为国民党对民族矛盾之下的阶级矛盾认识片面,所以,无法正确处理省港罢工中的阶级斗争。
Early Nationalists understanding of class struggle has quite ready, but Nationalist Party advocated class reconcile op-posing class struggle.However, in practice the national revolution, there are a lot of class struggle fact, speaking to Hong Kong strike, direct struggle against imperialism and for the goal, which makes the class struggle and struggle jointly exhibit both phenome-na.Nationalist Party assist farmers and workers while advocating for Industry and Commerce jointly actively coordinate their contradic-tions disputes, despite some success, but due to the limitations of the Kuomintang class, but also because Nationalist Party ethnic conflicts under one-sided understanding of class contradictions, so Nationalist Party can not deal with class struggle in the great strike of GuangZhou and Hongkong.

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按照国民党党章规定，四届三中全会应于1932年9月举行，国民党中央却宣布因“剿共”军事行动的进行而延期召开。造成会议延展的真实原因是西南的杯葛寻衅及蒋汪合作陷入困境，使得蒋顾虑重重，因而延展会议召开。10月，蒋介石以孙科输诚为契机，消弭了反对力量的种种政治图谋，始召开三中全会。此次中央全会延展，说明真正操纵国民党中央全会召开的非党章规定，而是党内各派系间的幕后密商与利益交换进程。
According to the Constitution of the KMT, the third plenary of the 4th central committee should have opened in September 1932. But the Central Committee announced it was postponed, owing to the military actions against the Communists. However it is not the real reason. The boycott and Provocation from the southwest, as well as the stalemated Chiang-Wang cooperation, made Chiang Kai-shek worried and so he decided to postpone the meeting to October when Chiang eliminated all the obstacles of the opposing political forces.

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三民主义青年团简称三青团，是中国国民党史上，也是中国现代史上一个重要的政治组织。河北省井陉县三青团组织是国民党三青团组织的基层组织之一。蒋介石成立三青团有让其辅助国民党的意图。但三青团成立后，随着其组织势力的发展壮大，与国民党的矛盾越来越大，互相争权夺利、勾心斗角，党团之争成为国民党与三青团关系的焦点。三青团井陉分团成立后，与井陉县国民党党部的关系也并不融洽。
The three people''s principles Youth League center is referred to as,Chinese Kuomintang history,modern history China is the last important political organization. Center in Hebei County of Jingxing province is one of the KMT yltpp organization organization of basic level organization. Jiang Jieshi founded the Youth Corps has let its auxiliary Kuomintang intention. But the Youth Corps was established,along with the development of the organization influence expanding,and the KMT,the contradiction is more and more big,fight for power and money,each other infighting,contend for become the focus of the KMT caucus and the yltpp relation. The Jingxing mission after the establishment of relations with the KMT Party headquarters,Jingxing county is not harmonious.

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徐蚌会战伊始，宋美龄立即前往美国寻求紧急援助；宋美龄这次出访活动的主要策略是，重点对马歇尔国务卿进行私人公关，企图首先说服马歇尔，然后通过马歇尔打破中美外交僵局，为蒋介石和国民党政府争取即时的政治支持和进一步的军事援助，以便鼓舞国民党军斗志并稳定国统区民心。由于杜鲁门政府一致认识到国民党政府大势已去，且病人膏盲，因此不再愿意积极涉人中国内战事务，由此决定了蒋夫人再度访美的使命无果而终。
As the Campaign in Xuzhou-Bengbu areas began, Madame Chiang started to visit the United States to appeal for further immediate aids;Madame Chiang’ s tactics was to visit and persuade Secretary Marshall first, and then to break the diplomatic deadlock between China and America through General Marshall so as to appeal for further immediate political support and military aid for Chiang Kai-shek and his National Government in the hope that the morale of National Army could be aroused and the people living in the National-ruled areas stabilized. Nev-ertheless, as Truman’ s Administration had unamiously recognized that the Nationalist Government was in a hope-less situation and was beyond cure, no one in Washington was willing to get actively involved in the Chinese Civil War, thus Madame Chiang’ s mission ended up a failure.

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在国民党反动派的政治、经济、军事等多重封锁下，中央苏区遭遇了极大的食盐困缺问题，为了摆脱困难，中央苏区在中国共产党的领导下，通过对外贸易、充分利用私人资本、全民自救、土法熬盐、利用战争夺取食盐、军民平等等各种方式，打破了国民党反动派对食盐的封锁，取得了巨大的成绩。
In the political, economic and military blockade of Kuomintang, the Central Soviet Area suffered great scarcity of salt. In order to free from the difficulty, people under the leadership of the Party took various measures, such as developing foreign trade, making full use of private capital, producing salt by themselves in a traditional way and fighting for salt equality between the army and the people etc..They finally achieved great success and broke Kuomintang’s blockade.

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国民党政府为纪念抗日战争的胜利而制定抗战胜利纪念日,顾名思义,是以此纪念抗战这一伟大的事业,纪念抗战中英勇牺牲的烈士们,并以此作为政治宣传重要手段和途径。国民党政府在抗战胜利纪念日举行了各式各样的纪念仪式活动,象征性地表达出其政治意蕴,但作为社会舆论的媒介,对此纪念日的态度和观感则表现不一。国民党政府领导下的官媒比较认同官方的意识形态,从而进行带有官方和党派色彩的舆论宣传和政治鼓动,但也有一些媒介具有较强的客观性和现实感、较少偏颇的政治立场,能够对抗战胜利纪念日进行实事求是的评议。
The Kuomintang and the national government established memorial day in name of com-memorating the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, while it was actually used as the anti-communist propa-ganda. By various memorial affairs, the Kuomintang and the national government symbolically expressed their political connotation. Media opinion varied from one to another. Official media under the national government propagandized the Civil War as the continuation of the Anti-Japanese War through memorial discourse, and used the national spirit for Anti-Communist propaganda. As for public opinion, some served as the megaphone of the authority that expressed reproach toward the Communist Party, while some could be less partial and be objective and practical.

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井冈山斗争时期红军的兵员来自多种渠道,但到后期主要兵员补充来自国民党士兵。其原因在于:井冈山地区人口稀少,无法更多补充兵员;土地政策不完善,群众参加红军的积极性受影响;红军的俘虏政策好,许多被俘国民党士兵留下来。在毛泽东的正确领导下,采取了三个方面的措施对国民党的俘虏兵进行改造,即不断加强政治教育与训练、实行军内民主、执行铁的纪律,最终起到了明显的成效,并为后来加强红军及解放军建设总结了很好的经验。
In the period of struggle in Jinggangshan the soldiers of the Red Army came from multiple channels, but most of the new soldiers were former Kuomintang soldiers in the late period. The reasons are as follows ： the limitation of objective conditions, imperfect land policy, and the Red Army＇ s good policy over captives. Under Mao Zedong＇ s correct leadership,three measures were taken to reorganize the Kuomintang captives. Concretely, these measures included： strengthening political education and training, carrying out intra - army democracy, and executing iron discipline. Finally the measures resulted in obvious effect and provided valuable references for reorganizing the Red Army and the PLA in the coming days.

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八路军桂林办事处的统战工作是卓有成效的。它积极开展对国民党上层将领的统战工作,较快地打开了广西抗日民族统一战线的新局面;努力争取桂系国民党民主派人士,发展壮大抗日同盟军;广泛团结进步群众团体和文化界爱国民主人士,使桂林成为全国文化救亡中心。它为我党在国统区的桂林顺利开展各项工作,扩大国内外的统一战线,为我党领导的人民军队争取大量的物资支援,促进桂林成为全国抗日文化中心,促进中国乃至世界反法西斯战争的胜利都作出了不可磨灭的历史贡献。
The united front work in Guilin office of the eighth route army was effective. It actively carried out united front work in the upper generals of the kuomintang (KMT), quickly opened the new situation of the anti-Japanese national united front of Guangxi; It developed anti-Japanese Allies by uniting pro-democracy figures of the KMT; It widely united progressive mass organizations and cultural patriotic democrats and made Guilin national culture centre; It enlarged the united front; It supplied a large number of goods to the people''s army and made indelible contributions to the victo-ry of the anti-fascist war of China and the world.

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