以半干旱地区五种优良枣树品种为研究对象，通过研究光合作用和蒸腾作用来了解枣树的生理特性，为选育而后栽培提供理论基础，结果表明：日光合速率大铃铛枣＞大平顶枣＞金丝王枣＞金丝蜜枣＞三星枣，日蒸腾速率三星枣＞金丝王枣＞大平顶枣＞金丝蜜枣＞大铃铛枣，水分利用效率大铃铛枣＞大平顶枣＞金丝王枣＞金丝蜜枣＞三星枣。五种优良枣树品种抗旱性以大铃铛枣最好。

Five fine jujube varieties in western Liaoning Province as the research object, through the study of photosynthesis and transpira-tion to understand the physiological characteristics of the jujube tree, and then provide a theoretical basis for breeding cultivation ,results showed:Daylight aggregate rate of Large bells jujube>Dapingding jujube>Watkins king jujube>Gold candied jujube>Three starts jujube . Jujube date transpiration rate of Three starts jujube >Watkins king jujube> Dapingding date>Gold candied jujube>Large bell dates, water use efficiency of Large bells jujube > Dapingding jujube >Watkins king jujube>Gold candied jujube >Three starts jujube. Large bell. ju-jube have the best Hardiness in the five kinds of jujube.

利用氯化钙处理大平顶枣,通过低场核磁共振技术监测枣贮藏过程中水分分布状态和含量,研究钙处理对枣的保鲜效果。试验结果表明,氯化钙溶液浸渍具有很好的保鲜效果,钙盐处理可以很好地保持大枣的质构特性,维持枣果的水分和营养成分。经低场NMR谱拟合后,分别对应反演谱T2值为结合水T21(0.1-10ms)、半结合水T22(10-200ms)和自由水T23(200-1000ms),对大枣贮藏过程的水分进行动态监控,能够有效区分不同新鲜度的大平顶枣,为大枣的无损检测提供参考。

In order to explore the storage and fresh-keeping methods of using CaCl2 treatment, Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance techniques is used to monitor the water moisture distribution of jujube. Experiment results showed that fresh-keeping effects were well with treatments of calcium solution. Calcium salt treatment can keep the texture properties of jujube well, keep moisture and nutrients. Distributed exponential analysis of the NMR T2 transverse relaxation data revealed the existence of three states of water, immobile water (0.1-10ms), mobile wa-ter (10-200ms), free water (200-1000ms). NMR also can as a detection method for jujube storage quality. Our research work results may provide a positive reference for studying of Dapingding jujube fresh-keeping at low tem-perature conditions.

提出在CS2/CCl4混合介质液芯光纤中利用多线抽运调制技术实现带宽可控平顶布里渊增益谱的方法，理论研究了抽运光谱线间距、谱线强度和芯液介质混合比对布里渊增益谱的影响，得到了带宽可控平顶增益谱的条件。结果表明，采用一个强度或相位调制器，基于单频和多频调制技术产生2-9条抽运光谱线，通过控制谱线间距和各谱线强度比，并改变CS2体积分数，获得了增益带宽在50 MHz-2 GHz范围内可控的平顶增益谱。该方法操作简便、带宽调控范围大，可用于高增益低畸变布里渊放大，满足微弱光信号探测和慢光系统的应用需求。

We present a method of achieving a flat-top Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) with a controllable bandwidth based on multiple-lines pump modulation in a CS2/CCl4 mixture liquid-core optical fiber. The influences of the pump spectrum separation, the intensity of each spectrum line, and the mixing ratio of core liquid media on the BGS are theoretically investigated, and the conditions of producing the flat-top BGS with an adjustable bandwidth are obtained. Results show that 2-9 spectral lines are generated based on single-frequency and multifrequency modulation using an intensity or phase modulator. The flat-top BGS with bandwidths of 50 MHz-2 GHz are obtained by controlling spectrum separation, the intensity ratio of each spectral line and CS2 volume fraction. This method has advantages of convenient operation and wide bandwidth range. It can be applied in Brillouin amplification with high gain and low distortion, and hence satisfies the requirements of weak signal detection and slow light

文章以青岛某段新建平顶隧道开挖为例，采用三维有限元方法对此段隧道的五导洞开挖方式进行数值模拟。新建隧道开挖过程中，地铁车站附属结构、地铁车站和地下商厦的附加内力和沉降会发生变化，甚至可能导致地下建筑物倾斜或倒塌，此外，地下建筑的自重和刚度也影响了地表土体的移动。鉴于此段新建隧道下穿地下建筑较为复杂，施工难度大，文章考虑整体因素，对隧道、地下建筑和地表之间的共同作用进行分析，为设计与施工提出合理建议，也为类似工程施工提供参考。

A new flat-topped tunnel excavation in Qingdao is taken as an example and the three-dimen-sional finite element method is adopted to implement numerical simulation of the five-heading excava-ting method of this tunnel .During the excavation process of the new tunnel ,the additional internal force and sedimentation of the subway station ,its adjacent structure and the underground mall will change ,and the underground buildings may even incline and collapse in some serious cases .Besides , the self-weight and stiffness of underground buildings also influence the movements of surface soil . Because constructing a tunnel passing down underground buildings is relatively complicated and diffi-cult ,the overall factors are taken into consideration ,and the coaction among the tunnel ,the under-ground buildings and the earth surface is analyzed .Reasonable suggestions are given for both the de-sign and construction .This study provides a reference for similar project construction .