禾谷孢囊线虫病是我国小麦产区主要的病害之一,对农业生产造成了极大的损失。通过从孢囊上分离寄生真菌,扩增其ITS序列,并通过室内生测和盆栽试验对其发酵液进行了杀线虫活性测定。结果表明,共鉴定获得31株真菌,分别属于镰刀菌属、支顶孢属、枝孢属、曲霉属、链格孢属、毛壳菌属、枝氯霉属、根霉、小球腔菌属、青霉菌属10个属,其中镰刀菌属真菌最多有8株。黑曲霉属真菌HN214与曲霉属真菌HN132的发酵液稀释4倍后,对禾谷孢囊线虫的校正死亡率分别为99.66%和96.56%;室内盆栽活性测定表明,真菌HN132的8倍发酵液处理后,禾谷孢囊线虫的孢囊减少率达64.1%,在生产上具有较好的开发前景。
The cereal cyst nematode ( CCN ) Heterodera avenae is recognized as one of the important pests of wheat in China .In order to seek for biocontrol agents for CCN management ,31 fungal strains were isolated from CCN cysts.It included Fusarium spp., Acremonium spp., Cladosporium spp., Aspergillus spp., Alternaria spp., Chaetomium spp.,Ramichloridium spp.,Rhizopus spp.,Leptosphaeria spp.,Penicillium spp..The fungal number of Fusarium spp.was the most,it had 8 strains.The nematode mortality was determined by bioassay and pot experi-ment.The death rate of two Aspergillus spp.strains HN214 and HN132 at 4-fold dilution were 99.66% and 96.56%,respectively.The inhibition of HN132 fermentation liquid on cyst production assayed by pot experiment was significantly effective at 8-fold dilution .The cysts of treatment decreased by 64 .1%compared to the untreated control.Therefore,both HN132 and HN214 strains were considered as potential biocontrol agents of CCN .
