以宁波市2002-2013年数据为基础，根据IPCC碳排放计算方法测算了历年宁波市各类能源的碳排放量。运用LMDI模型，分析了经济发展、能源结构和能源效率等因素对宁波市人均碳排放量的影响。结果表明，十余年来宁波市碳排放总量及人均碳排放总量都呈现出明显的上升趋势，经济发展、能源结构和能源效率等因素对宁波市人均碳排放的影响显著。据此，提出了宁波市应调整产业结构与能源结构，提高能源利用率，完善政策环境等降低碳减排压力的对策建议。

Based on the data from 2002 to 2013, the paper calculates the carbon emissions of all forms of energy in Ningbo by using the IPCC carbon emission calculation methods. Using LMDI model, the paper makes an analysis of the effects of economic development, energy mix and energy efficiency and other factors on Ningbo per capita carbon emissions. The results show that Ningbo carbon emissions and per capita carbon emissions have emerged as a clear upward trend for decades. Such factors as economic development, energy mix and energy efficiency significantly affect the per capita carbon emissions of Ningbo. To reduce pressure on carbon emissions in Ningbo City, we can optimize the energy structure, adjust the industrial structure and improve energy efficiency.

文中首先分析了宁波市物流企业方面的有利因素和存在的问题，然后对宁波市物流行业物流企业所处的政府政策方面的有利因素进行了深入分析，并在此基础上，提出了宁波市物流企业发展的对策建议。

This paper firstly analyzes the favorable factors of Ningbo logistics enterprises and existing problems,in -depth analysis of the favorable factors and then to Ningbo city logistics industry logistics enterprises at the aspects of government policy, and based on this,puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the development of logistics in Ningbo city enterprises.

运用物质流分析方法对2005~2011年宁波市经济系统的物质输入与输出进行分析，探讨了宁波市经济发展与环境压力的关系，找出影响环境压力的重要因素.结果表明，在2005~2011年间，宁波市的物质输入输出平均增长速度分别为8.8%和9.1%，宁波市的经济发展对进口物质的依赖性日趋上升.结合环境库茨涅茨曲线，得出宁波市目前还未达到后工业化阶段，经济发展仍是高消耗、高排放的传统经济增长模式，对资源和环境产生了很大的压力.根据 IPAT 模型，要缓解这种环境压力，提高科技水平和经济是关键.因此，宁波市必须切实转变经济增长方式，发展循环经济.

In this paper, the author adopts the material flow analysis (MFA) to study the material inputs and outputs of economic system of Ningbo city based on the data collected from 2005 to 2011. The relationship between economic growth and environmental pressure is explored, and the important factors which influence the environmental pressure are taken into consideration in the analysis. The results show that, from 2005 to 2011, material inputs and outputs of Ningbo have been growing at an average annual rate of 8.8% and 9.1%respectively, and that economic development in Ningbo tends to increasingly depend on importation. With reference to the EKC, the author comes to a conclusion that, at present, Ningbo has not reached the stage of post-industrialization yet, and the economy is still growing with the traditional fashion featuring high consumption and high emission, which has imposed the enormous pressure on resources conservation and environment protection. According to the IPAT m

通过构建旅游交通生态足迹模型,计算宁波旅游交通设施的建成地生态足迹和游客来往宁波以及在宁波旅行所需的能源消耗量转化成化石能源土地面积,通过这种方法对宁波市2010-2012年旅游交通生态足迹进行计算并分析其影响。

By constructing ecological footprint model of tour traffic, it calculates the constructed land area of tour equipments, energy consumption into land area of fossil energy source about tourists from ningbo and travel in ningbo,through this method,it calculates the ecological footprint of tour traffic on Ningbo from 2010-2012, and analyzes its influence.

宁波市三维动态空间定位基准由连续运行卫星定位服务系统和似大地水准面组成。根据宁波市地面沉降监测二等水准测量成果,计算基于宁波市三维动态空间定位基准的静态GPS、NBCORS-RTK高程精度,分析进行地面沉降监测的可行性。结果表明:静态GPS可以满足地面沉降精度要求;NBCORS-RTK成果虽不能满足精度要求,但对于大范围、长时间的地面沉降监测有一定的参考价值。

The three-dimensional dynamic spatial localization datum of Ningbo city com-prises Ningbo Continuous Operating Reference Station (NBCORS)and quasigeoid.Based on the land subsidence monitoring second-class leveling report of Ningbo city,the static GPS and NBCORS-RTK height accuracy was calculated and the feasibility of carrying on the land subsidence monitoring was also analyzed.The result shows that the static GPS can meet the accuracy requirement for carrying on the land subsidence monitoring and NBCORS-RTK can-not meet the requirement,but instructive for the proj ects with the large area and long dura-tion.