湘绣产地被习惯性认定长沙，但湘绣艺术的独立与艺术手法的独创源自岳州人，湘绣艺术溯源蕴含强烈的洞庭文化，湘绣艺术的发展与商业化起于岳州，地理文化脉络与考古昭示湘绣的岳州源起，湘绣的原材料自古取材于洞庭湖区，其起源地应为岳州。

Xiang embroidery’s origin are habitually regard as being found in Changsha, but the independent of the Xiang embroidery art and the art origin are from Yuezhou, Xiang embroidery art roots contain strong Dongting culture, the development and commercialization of Xiang embroidery art is originated from Yuezhou, geography culture vein and archaeology declares that Yuezhou is the original source of Xiang embroidery, the raw materials of Xiang embroidery are drawn from Dongting lake since ancient times, so its origin should be Yuezhou.

自1899年11月13日岳州开埠、城陵矶设关、1901年城陵矶海关三座“美轮美奂”的关房建成后,民间便因海关税务司等是洋人,而称其为“洋关”。但岳州关并非“洋关”。因为湖南轮运为湖南人首开,岳州是自开口岸,城陵矶海关关房是中国人自己出资修建的,海关税务司由外人担任是历史造成的。

Yueyang customs Kaibu, Chenglingji were commonly known as Yang Guan since they had been set up in December the 13th 1899 and in 1901 for the special foreign workers. However Yuezhou Guan is not the correct name. Based on history, this paper proved that Yuezhou Guan was not a foreign custom from the followings: Firstly the cargo ship in Hunan was sailed by Hunan people. Secondly, Yueyang port was opened by Qing government. Thirdly, the custom houses was built by Chinese themselves. Fourthly, it was due to history reasons that the workers are foreigners.

岳钟琪为清代著名将领，在大清对西北、西南边疆事务的处理中发挥了重要作用。虽然成就斐然，但是他的一生却起起伏伏。康熙五十年，岳钟琪之父岳昇龙改籍四川。据此，以《清史列传》为代表的诸多史籍都认为岳钟琪的籍贯为四川成都。但是，无论是在历史记载上还是目前学界的研究上来看，对于岳钟琪本籍（即在改籍之前）的说法并没有一致观点。笔者在对籍贯的概念进行界定的前提下，通过对《永登县志》、《凉州府志备考》等文献记载的对比研究，可以证实岳钟琪本籍是甘肃庄浪卫人。

Yue Zhong-qi is a famous general in Qing Dynasty .He played an important role in the frontier affairs in Qing’ s northwest and southwest .Despite his remarkable achievements ,his life was ups and downs .In Kangxi 50 years,Yue Zhong-qi’ s father—Yue Sheng-long changed his family register from Gansu to Sichuan .Accordingly, many historical records , represented by Biographies of Qing ’ s History , hold the idea that Yue Zhong-qi ’ s native place is Chengdu of Sichuan Province .However , both historic and the current academic researches don ’ t have a consensus view on his original native place before his father changed it .On the premise of definiting the concept of the origin native place ,through the comparative study on the “Yongdeng County Records”,“Liangzhou Province re-cords” and other historical documents ,this article confirms that Yue Zhong-qi’ s original native place is Zhuanglang in Gansu province before his family register changed .

北宋时期,最早的书院学田出现于潭州岳麓书院。真宗乾兴元年(1022),官学学田正式出现,仁宗时立学赐田制度基本形成,神宗、徽宗时进一步发展,并正式确立。至徽宗大观三年(1109),全国学田总量达105990顷。南宋时,学田进入成熟与完善期,各地学田的数量较北宋大幅度增长,书院学田在理学家们的支持下得到快速发展,管理制度更加完善。学田制度的形成,确立了元、明、清以来教育经费的基本形式,影响深远。

There were differences between official school -owned lands and academy -owned lands .Official school-owned lands ap-peared first formally during the first year of Zhenzong Qianxing , took shape in Renzong , and developed in Shenzong and Huizong .At the third year of Song Huizong Daguan , the total of school-owned lands reached 105,990 Qing.During Southern Song Dynasty , the number was larger than Northern Song Dynasty .Academy school-owned lands developed quickly under the support of the Neo -Con-fucianists.The formation of the school -owned lands system established the fundamental formation of educational funds .It produced long-tern effects to Yuan , Ming and Qing Dynasty.