贾宝玉的原型究竟是谁,作为《红楼梦》研究的重要问题,学术界观点纷呈。笔者认为贾宝玉的原型可能是：明代靖难功臣荣国公张玉嫡长孙,英国公张辅嫡长子,早年职封勋卫,终因痴呆病发未能继承张氏世袭爵位的张忠。

There are many different answers to the question who is the prototype of Jia Baoyu .The author thinks it may be Ming Jing Nan hero Rongguo Zhang Yu''s eldest grandson, the eldest son of Yingguo Zhangfu ,who did not inherit a hereditary peerage for his illness.

诸葛靓之父诸葛诞因司马氏征其入洛阳而在扬州举事，并派长史带其小儿子诸葛靓等往东吴请救兵。后诸葛诞败亡，而诸葛靓留在东吴为官。他曾任右将军，在吴亡前已经升为大司马。诸葛靓本人在德、才方面应有过人之处。孙皓即位后不久，诸葛靓参与平定施但之乱，后来还曾与丁奉一起率军北伐。西晋灭吴之役中，孙皓派张悌、诸葛靓等率军渡江，欲以主动进攻改变被动局面，但此役孙吴军队大败。吴亡后，诸葛靓先藏于其姊琅邪王妃家中，后回到故乡，并始终拒绝出仕。他与嵇绍二人在仕隐问题上的抉择与在忠孝问题上的抉择是相联系的：或以仕显忠，或以隐明孝。诸葛靓并不能说是孝而非忠者，他出仕于东吴期间对该政权是忠诚的，而他对西晋政权并无效忠义务。

Zhuge Dan,Zhuge Jing′s father,who revolted in Yangzhou of Kingdom of Wei because the Sima family had ordered him to go back to luoyang ,sent his senior minister to accompany his younger son Zhuge Jing to the Kingdom of Wu to ask for military help .Later Zhuge Dan died ,and Zhuge Jing stayed in the Kingdom of Wu and became a government official.He served ever as Youjiangjun ,and before the fall of this kingdom he was promoted to Dasima .After Sun Hao acce-ded to the throne ,Zhuge Jing participated in putting down the riot of Shi Dan ,and later launched the Northern Expedition with Ding Feng .In the war during which the Western Jin extinguished the Kingdom of Wu , Sun Hao sent Zhang Ti and Zhuge Jing to lead an army to cross the Yangtze River ,but they were defeated though they planned to reverse the passive sit-uation by active attacks .After the perdition of the Kingdom of Wu ,Zhuge Jing hid in his sister′s home,and then went back to his hometown .He refused to become a gov

四、在耶稣会内部掀起的“反汤风暴” 1647年1月，张献忠死于清军先锋马队的箭簇之下，安、利二神父被肃王部下俘获，因为他们是外国人，受了箭伤的神父没有被杀头。后经讯问得知，他们是汤若望神父的同会兄长，肃亲王豪格立即命令士兵对两位神父以礼相待①。当在北京的汤若望得知两位神父被俘获的消息后，立即写了一份奏折，请求将他们释放。但当时担任耶稣会中国副省北方传教会会长的傅泛济命令汤若望不要将奏折上呈清廷，利、安二神父也不希望汤若望插手这件事。他们认为，在豪格亲王管辖的范围内由别人插手此事对亲王来说是一种侮辱，他们比较愿意豪格亲王将他们带到北京，然后释放②。

Being the important figures of missionaries in China in the 17th century, the priest Lodovico Buglio and the priest Gabriel de Magalhāes witnessed and experienced the special time of the Ming and Qing Dynasty. This paper sorts out and makes an investigation of several historical event in which both of them experienced and participated, such as starting their missionary work in Sichuan, the missionary cases in Chengdu, serving the Onishi regime, the anti-Schall storm, the missionary in Beijing, establishing the East Church in Beijing, serving the Qing court, Yang Guangxian’s missionary cases and so on.

第六届南方创伤骨科论坛暨足踝外科新进展研讨会已于2014年6月6-8日在广州南方医科大学南方医院召开.此次学术活动由中华医学会骨科学分会足踝外科学组和《中华创伤骨科杂志》编辑部联合主办,南方医科大学南方医院创伤骨科承办.开幕式由本刊编辑部主任、南方医科大学南方医院创伤骨科主任余斌教授主持,本刊副总编辑、中华医学会骨科学分会足踝外科学组组长、北京大学人民医院创伤骨科主任姜保国教授代表主办方致欢迎辞. 本次研讨会邀请到姜保国、俞光荣、柴益民、唐康来、徐向阳、张堃、唐三元、蔡贤华、王钢、章莹、宋卫东等知名专家,分别就临床科研设计、踝关节骨折合并三角韧带损伤的治疗、外伤性足踝畸形矫正、踝关节骨折畸形愈合的外科治疗策略、踝关节扭伤的后期治疗踝关节融合相关问题的探讨、跟骨骨折的分型与手术治疗、pilon骨折手术入路与再思考、pilon骨折的临床诊断与手术技巧、pilon骨折的诊断与治疗、下胫腓联合损伤何时需要固定等做了详细、生动的讲解.此外徐海林、施忠民、王旭、金丹、洪劲松、栗志辉、胡稷杰、樊仕才等教授分别从踝关节后外侧入路、微创跟骨骨折治疗、第5跖骨基底部骨折、后侧pilon骨折的治疗、pilon骨折分期治疗的术式选择、胫骨下段螺旋形骨折合并后踝骨折、足踝部软组织缺损修复、后踝骨折与后pilon骨折的区别与处理等方面进行了病例分享与讨论.同期还举办了足踝外科手术入路解剖学习班.

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