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双语推荐：感应磁场

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船舶用钢由于受焊接和切割等热处理及加工工艺的不同，磁导率会发生较大变化，导致舰船磁场也发生改变。在电磁理论的基础上，通过舰船磁场数字仿真计算，研究钢板磁导率变化对船舶感应磁场特性权重的影响，分析舰船磁场的变化范围，并通过磁性物理船模试验进行验证。结果表明，当钢板磁导率变化范围为20%时，船舶感应磁场各分量特征曲线总体趋势保持不变，但其磁场幅值发生较大变化，其中纵向磁化磁场变化19.3%，横向磁化磁场变化17.1%，垂向磁化磁场变化16.2%。
The permeability of steel is changed greatly under different heat treatments and technologies, including jointing and incision, and these factors lead to the changes in the magnetic field of the ship. On the basis of electromagnetic theory, the effects of steel magnetic properties on induced magnetic fields are investigated in this paper through simulation,and the range of magnetic field variation is also analyzed. Certain ship model experiments are conducted to further validate the proposed theory. The results reveals that while the permeability of steel is changed by 20%, the trend of curves for the induced magnetic fields stays constant,but the amplitude value of the induced magnetic fields changes significantly,with the longi?tudinal magnetic field varying by 19.3%,the athwartships magnetic field varying by 17.1%, and the verti?cal magnetic field varying by 16.2%.

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本文运用ANSYS建立潜艇三维仿真模型,划分网格,利用简化磁标势法(RSP)求解,分别得到潜艇永久磁场和感应磁场的空间分布特性,并根据国内外相关研究结论,得到潜艇总磁场的标量分布情况,最后对反潜飞机在高空所能探测到的潜艇磁场特性进行了仿真分析。
By using ANSYS, we establish the Submarine 3D simulation model. Through division of grid, and by using the simplified magnetic scalar potential method (RSP), respectively, we obtain spatial distribution charac-teristics of submarine permanent magnetic field and the induced magnetic field. According to related research con-clusions at home and abroad, by the submarine magnetic scalar distribution, finally, we analyze in the simulation that the anti-submarine aircraft at high altitude can detect submarines magnetic field characteristics.

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设计了一种新型差动自感式磁流变阻尼器（DSMRD），研究中发现该阻尼器中的绕线缸体在磁场中容易产生漏磁现象。基于此现象，建立了不同绕线缸体材料的DSMRD磁场仿真模型，对绕线缸体构成材料与漏磁之间的关系进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明：导磁缸体较不导磁缸体具有更好的磁场吸附能力，且能产生更高的感应电动势；采用铝和不锈钢这两种不导磁材料制成的绕线缸体产生的磁场强度接近，并且产生的感应电动势也基本相同。因此可通过改变绕线缸体材料来达到优化DSMRD的自感磁场和阻尼磁场的目的。
In order to avoid the magnetic flux leakage of winding cylinder of DSMRD,the magnet-ic field simulation models under different winding cylinder materials were built up to investigate the relationships between the magnetic flux leakage and three winding cylinders made by different kinds of materials.The simulation results show that winding cylinder made by No.1 0 steel mate-rial has stronger ability to reduce flux leakage than the winding cylinder made by aluminum and stainless steel materials,and the winding cylinders made by aluminum and stainless steel materi-als have nearly same magnetic field intensity and induced voltage.The simulation results can provide some guidance to optimize magnetic field by finding a suitable winding cylinder material.

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为了利用电机中固有的齿谐波磁场实现永磁电机气隙磁场的调节,需要处理好齿谐波磁场的利用与电枢绕组电压波形畸变两者之间的关系。基于磁导分析法定性分析了转子齿谐波绕组电流产生的机理,及其产生的齿谐波磁场在电枢绕组中感应的齿谐波电动势特点。相邻磁极下的齿谐波绕组采用正向串联的方法,可以解决电枢绕组和齿谐波绕组之间的磁场耦合问题,从而消除由转子齿谐波绕组电流产生的齿谐波磁场在定子电枢绕组中感应的齿谐波电动势。针对一台齿谐波励磁的混合励磁永磁同步发电机进行了计算和实验,通过对比计算结果和实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性。
When the inherent tooth harmonic magnetic field is utilized to achieve the adjustment of the air gap magnet field for the permanent magnet machine, it needs to correctly handle the relationship between utilization of tooth harmonic magnetic field and armature winding voltage waveform distortion. The principle of the rotor tooth harmonic winding currents and the characteristics of the tooth harmonic electromotive force (EMF) were analyzed qualitatively based on the permeability analysis method. The method of the forward-series tooth harmonic windings in the adjacent magnetic pole can solve the magnetic coupling problem between the armature windings and the tooth harmonic windings, thus eliminate the tooth harmonic EMF of the armature windings. Calculations and experiments were performed for one hybrid excitation permanent magnet synchronous generator utilizing tooth harmonic for excitation, and the comparison of calculated and experimental results verify the correctness of the theoretic

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为了探讨运动质量产生磁效应的原由和两者间的数学关系,本文提出了若干假设,即假设运动着的引力势的导数跟它感应出的磁场间存在着一定的关系,给出了引力磁场的方程,得到了运动着的引力势感应产生磁场的定量结果,从而将引力势和引力磁场统一起来.文章特别讨论了自转质量产生的磁效应,并应用该理论对地球高空磁层中的若干现象进行了解释,得出了理论与观测结果相符合的结论.在结语中,文章还阐述了理论和实验能够拓展的方向和前景.
In order to explore the reason of moving mass produce magnetic effects, and the mathematical between them, this paper presents some assumptions. Assuming that there is a certain relationship between the derivative of the moving gravitational potential and the induced magnetic field, which gives the gravitomagnetic field equation, and obtains the quantitative results of the moving gravitational potential induced a magnetic field, then unifies the magnetic field and the gravitational potential. The article discusses the magnetic effect produced by rotating mass, and verifies several phenomena in the Earth’s magnetosphere applying the theory, and obtains the conclusion that the theoretical and the observational results are consistent. This article also describes the expanded the direction and prospects of the theory and experiment.

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地磁场中的金属壳体潜艇在航行时会产生感应电动势，从而产生感应静电场，将潜艇简化为长椭球壳，分别建立了潜艇处于浮航和潜航两种状态下的运动感应静电场模型，给出了电场三分量表达式；以美海国军洛杉矶级潜艇为例进行了感应电场的仿真计算，获得了两种状态下潜艇水下电场分布，仿真结果表明：感应电场在潜艇附近量值较大，随距离衰减明显。
A submarine with metal hull can induces static electric field when it moves across geomagnetic field .A submarine can be treated simply as a metal spheroid hull with long macroaxis and considering sub-marine in two conditions:moving on surface and diving,the induced static electric field model was de-duced.Taking one USN nuke submarine as an example,the distribution of its induced electric field is sim-ulated by computers conveniently to obtain two kinds of underwater electric field distribution.Results show that,the magnitude of induced electric field near the submarine is large with apparent characteristics of range attenuation.

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在地磁导航中磁传感器会受到载体自身磁场的影响,为了提高磁场测量精度,需要对观测数据的载体磁场干扰进行精确补偿。在分析载体固有磁场和感应磁场数学模型的基础上,根据椭圆假设磁补偿方法的思路,提出了一种载体三维磁场干扰的补偿方法,并在椭球假设的基础上提出了载体磁场干扰补偿参数求解方法。该方法将载体磁场干扰补偿方法从二维拓展到三维,解除了载体二维运动姿态的限制。实验验证表明:该方法可以有效实现载体自身三维磁场干扰的补偿,从而提高地磁场的测量精度。
It is an unavoidable fact that the geomagnetic field measurement is disturbed by the magnetic field of the vehicle in geomagnetic navigation. In order to improve the measurement accuracy of the geomagnetic field, the vehi-cle''s magnetic field disturbance of the observation data must be precisely compensated. Based on the induced and connatural magnetic field model of the vehicle and the compensation method under the assumed ellipse fitting, a new 3-D magnetic interference compensation method was proposed. And the calculation of the compensation param-eters was put forward based on the ellipsoid hypothesis. The proposed method improves the magnetic interference compensation from the 2-D ellipse fitting to the 3-D ellipsoid fitting, and relieves the restriction on the 2-D motion of the vehicles. Finally, the experimental results show that the proposed method can compensate for the 3-D mag-netic interference of the vehicle efficiently and improve the measurement accuracy of the

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为了研究纵向动态端部效应对长初级直线感应电机磁场和性能的影响,建立并求解了长初级直线感应电机考虑纵向动态端部效应时的一维时谐磁场方程,分别给出了基本行波、入端行波和出端行波气隙磁密的解析表达式,分析了3种行波磁场幅值、相位和波形的特性,以及端部效应行波对气隙磁场分布的影响,通过二维有限元数值计算验证了气隙磁密解析解的正确性。给出了衰减常数、半波长和波速等端部效应特征参数随品质因数的变化规律。分析结果表明,长初级与短初级结构的气隙磁场分布存在较大差异,当电机在高速运行时更为明显。调整电机设计参数以减小品质因数可以有效地削弱纵向动态端部效应,但这些方法也会降低电机的正常运行性能,在电机设计时应综合考虑。
To investigate the influence of the longitudinal dynamic end effect ( LDEE ) on the magnetic field and performance of the long primary double-sided linear induction motor ( LP-DSLIM) , the one-di-mensional time-harmonic magnetic field equations in the airgap region of LP-DSLIM, accounting for LDEE, were developed and solved. The analytical solutions of the fundamental airgap fields and the com-ponent fields due to entry-and exit-end are derived. The characteristics of the amplitude, phase and waveform of each three components of the traveling wave, as well as the LDEE wave’ s influence on the airgap magnetic field distribution were both analyzed. The analytical results were compared and validated by the predictions from corresponding two-dimensional finite element analyses. The variations of LDEE-related characteristic parameters, such as attenuating constant, half-wave length and wave velocity, with the goodness factor were given. The analysis results show that LP-DSLIM and its short

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典型的舰船壳体是主要由薄钢板和肋骨构成的复杂结构,采用磁矩量法计算其感应磁场时,会碰到数据准备复杂,剖分单元数目过多的问题。按照横截面积与磁化率乘积相等的原则,将舰船壳体模块等效简化为一个各向异性的简单薄钢板结构。针对一个有代表性的数值算例,采用磁矩量法分别计算简化前、后舰船壳体模块的感应磁场,并对比计算结果。研究发现,等效前后的计算误差不超过1.5%,证明所提出的磁性等效方法不仅能简化数据准备工作,而且还可以减少单元数目,对于磁矩量法计算非常有利,能够作为计算舰船壳体感应磁场的一条可行途径。
The typical ship hull is a complex construction mainly consisted of thin steel plates and ribs. When the magnetic moment method is adopted to calculate the induced field of the ship hull,a problem could arise due to the complicated data preparation and the huge amount of involved elements. Based on the principle that the product of the area of the cross section and the magnetic susceptibility is constant, the ship hull module can be simplified as a magnetic anisotropic thin plate. To obtain a representative nu-merical example,the magnetic moment method is adopted before and after the simplification of ship hull module,respectively,and the calculation errors are shown to be within 1.5%. Such magnetic equivalent technique not only simplifies the data preparation, but also reduces the element number,which can be very helpful when using the integral calculus method. Overall,it is applicable for the calculation of the in-duced magnetic field of the ship hull.

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针对单相电能表在0.5mT工频磁场干扰下存在误计量的问题,分析其主要原因在于工频磁场在电能表电流采样回路上产生了大于电能表起动的感应电流。对此,通过定量分析0.5mT工频磁场的影响量,根据磁通在交错的环中产生的感应电压是可抵消的,提出在不改变原有电路设计基础上,仅通过对分流器穿孔及改变双绞线焊接方式,来减小电能表电流采样回路上的感应电流。经外部工频磁场影响试验测试证明了该方法的可行性。
The main reason for the measurement error problem existing in the single phase electricity meter under the 0 . 5 mT power frequency magnetic field interference is that the current generated by the power frequency magnetic field is larger than the start current in the current sampling circuit of electricity meter. The value interfered by the 0. 5mT power frequency magnetic field is analyzed quantitatively based on the theory of the induced voltage generated by mag-netic flux in the alternating loop offsets each other, and the method of only perforating the shunt and changing the welding position of twisted-pair cable is proposed to reduce the induced current in the current sampling circuit without changing the original circuit design. Actual experiments in the external power frequency magnetic field demonstration proves the feasibility of this method.

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