土壤是昆虫病原真菌的重要贮存库，本文利用选择性培养基标准平板技术，对广东省英德市4个茶园土壤中昆虫病原真菌的物种多样性与群落结构进行了研究。结果显示：茶园土壤中共分离出了4个属8个种的昆虫病原真菌；其中以淡紫拟青霉最多，占90．20％；金龟子绿僵菌其次，占5．60％。昆虫病原真菌多样性随季节变化而变化，春夏两季多样性指数较高，分别为0．7148和0．6918；秋冬两季多样性指数较低，分别是0．4940和0．4302。茶园植被类型越复杂，土壤中昆虫病原真菌的物种多样性也越高，分离总数也越多。单一茶树品种但有乔木层遮蔽的茶园，其多样性指数为1．0651，远远高于没有乔木层遮蔽茶园的0．3393。增加茶树的种植品种，可以增加茶园土壤中昆虫病原真菌的多样性与丰富度，多样性指数也可以提高。调整茶园植被类型对于茶园土壤中昆虫病原真菌群落结构的丰富与多样性的提升有着重要的生态作用。

Soil is an important reservoir of entomopathogenic fungi in the fields. The community structure and species diversity of the entomopathogenic fungi in the soil of four tea gardens in Yingde, Guangdong province was investigated. Four genus and 8 species of entomogenous fungi was identified, and their population dynamics were monitored by the selective medium technique. The results showed Paecilomyces lilacinus dominated the community by a population percentage of 90.20% to the total, and followed by Metarhizium anisopliae of 5.60%. Community diversity of the entomogenous fungi changed with seasons. The brillouin diversity index reached peak at a value of 0.7148 and 0.6918 in spring and in summer, and decreased to 0.4940 and 0.4302 in autumn and in winter, respectively. The more complex of plant structure in the tea gardens showed, the higher biological diversity of entomogeneous fungi in the soil of the tea gardens was found. The monocultured tea garden shaded by tree layer had a divers

柑橘木虱Diaphorina citri Kuwayama是柑橘黄龙病的重要媒介昆虫，对我国柑橘产业的健康发展潜在着巨大的威胁。本文在综合国内柑橘木虱防控技术的基础上，对近年来柑橘木虱生物防治的最新研究进展进行了综述，并且对其生物防治的发展前景给予了展望。目前应用于柑橘木虱生物防治的天敌资源主要是天敌昆虫及昆虫病原真菌，其中捕食性天敌主要包括瓢虫、食蚜蝇、草蛉和蜘蛛，寄生性天敌昆虫主要包括啮小蜂和跳小峰；昆虫病原真菌主要包括蜡蚧轮枝菌、拟青霉、白僵菌、桔形被毛孢等。期望通过对柑橘木虱生物防治工作的综述，为我国今后柑橘木虱的科学、高效防控及其可持续治理提供参考，不断推动我国柑橘产业的健康发展。

The citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, is the primary vector of citrus Huanglongbing disease, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, which has the huge potential threats to the development of citrus industry in China. Based on the comprehensive understanding of D. citri control technologies, we reviewed the latest advances in biological control of D. citri and forecasted its future prospects. The main biological control resources of citrus psyllid currently are natural enemy insects and entomopathogenic fungi, among which predatory ladybeetles, lacewings, spiders and hover flies are the dominant species of predator, while Tamarixia radiata and Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis are the two dominant parasitoids in China. Several representative entomopathogenic fungi include Lecanicillium lecanii, Isaria fumosorosea, Beauveria bassiana and Hirsutella citriformis have been reported with high virulence to citrus psyllid. This current review is expected to provide technical support and theore

蚧虫(半翅目:蚧总科)是农林果树和花卉的一类重要害虫.作者综述了寄生蚧虫的虫生真菌及其在生物防治中的潜力.总结了昆虫病原真菌作为生物杀虫剂的研究历史,并将其划分为3个发展阶段,即开创阶段、缓慢发展阶段和快速发展阶段.讨论了该领域在中国的研究现状.列出了世界上目前已记录的蚧虫病原真菌,包括55属140种,及其寄主蚧虫的名录.对虫生真菌未来的研究和开发提出了4点建议.

Scale insects (Hemiptera:Coccoidea) compose a group of important plant pests of agricultural crops,forest plants,ornamental plants and fruit trees.The history of the study of entomopathogenic fungi as a biological insecticide is reviewed according to the three developmental stages:the pioneering stage,the slow development stage,and the prosperity stage.Additionally,the status of this field in China was discussed.A list including approximately 140 species within 55 genera of the recorded fungal pathogens of scale insects in the world was provided.Finally,we provide four suggestions for the development of entomopathogenic fungi in the future.

【目的】关于昆虫病原真菌对昆虫生命表亚致死影响的研究较少,而由真菌侵染所产生的亚致死影响对于寄主昆虫的种群动力学至关重要,并最终影响着目标昆虫的害虫地位。论文旨在比较烟粉虱(Bemisia tabaci)亲代3龄若虫经球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)处理及对照子代种群的生命表参数,探讨球孢白僵菌对烟粉虱生命表参数的亚致死影响。【方法】应用年龄-阶段两性生命表分析经球孢白僵菌处理的烟粉虱后代的发育历期、存活率和繁殖率数据,以蒸馏水处理的个体作为对照。应用bootstrap方法计算种群生长参数的平均数和标准误;采用t-test比较分析球孢白僵菌处理组和对照组烟粉虱的种群参数、发育历期和繁殖力间的差异。【结果】球孢白僵菌处理的烟粉虱与对照之间在成虫前期、总产卵前期、1—4龄若虫存活率和生命表参数上存在着显著差异。与对照处理的烟粉虱成虫前期(20.59 d)相比,亲代接种球孢白僵菌使后代个体的成虫前期显著延长(26.58 d)。经球孢白僵菌处理的烟粉虱后代存活率(0.195)要比对照个体(0.76)低。球孢白僵菌处理烟粉虱后代种群的内禀增长率(r)、周限增长率(λ)、净增殖率(R0)、平均世代时间(T)和总繁殖率(GRR)分别为0.063 d-1、1.065d-1、6.85,30.613 d和41.883,而

[Objective] Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., an important entomopathogenic fungus, has been widely used to control Bemisia tabaci Gennadius. No much research has been conducted to study the sublethal effects of fungus on life table parameters generations of insects, while sublethal effects of fungal infection can have important implications for the population dynamics of the host offsprings, which ultimately contributes to the status of the target insect as a pest. The objective of this study is to compare life tables of subsequent generations of B. tabaci arising from parental generations exposed in the third nymphal stages to B. bassiana and controls, and to investigate the sublethal effects of fungus on life table parameters of B. tabaci offsprings.[Method]Developmental, survival, and fecundity rate data were analyzed by using the age-stage, two-sex life table in fungus-treated B. tabaci. Those exposed to distilled water were considered as control. Means and standard err