染料废水具有COD高、色度高、盐度高和BOD／COD比值低等特点，属于难生化降解的有机工业废水．白腐真菌对可生化性差、有毒有害的废水有较好的降解作用．利用固定化微生物技术可构成一种高效、快速、能连续处理的废水处理系统，减少二次污染．实验采用固定化白腐真菌处理染料废水，分别考察了不同生物球的投加量、染料废水浓度、pH、转速对染料脱色率的影响．结果表明：固定化白腐真菌对染料废水分别在生物球投加量为5．5 g／100 m L、染料废水浓度为20 mg／L、pH为3、转速为120 r／min条件下具有最好的脱色率．

Dye wastewater is difficult to biodegrade which belongs to organic industrial wastewater with high COD ,high chromaticity ,high salinity and low BOD/COD ratio etc . The white-rot fungus has quite good degradation on poor biodegradability ,toxic and hazard-ous wastewater .Using the immobilized microorganism technology can constitute a highly ef-ficient ,rapid and continuous processing of wastewater treatment system and reduce the sec-ondary pollution effectively .The dye wastewater was treated by immobilized white-rot fun-gus ;and the influence of the different mass of biological balls ,concentration of dye wastewater ,the values of pH ,rotational speed on the decolorization rates was examined .The results show that :when the mass of biological balls is 5 .5 g/100 mL ,the concentration of dye wastewater is 20 mg/L ,pH is 3 ,the rotational speed is 120 r/min ,the decolorization rate of dye wastewater reach the best respectively .

研究了铜镁铝水滑石（ HTLCs ）及煅烧500℃条件下的HTLCs-500对红青莲染料废水溶液的吸附性能。考察了吸附剂投加量、反应时间、初始pH值、反应温度对二者吸附红青莲染料废水的影响。利用正交实验确定了HTLCs及HTLCs-500对红青莲染料废水的最佳吸附条件。实验结果表明，最佳吸附条件下， HTLCs及HTLCs-500对300 mg／L红青莲染料废水脱色率分别达到为92．73％和97．52％，且在较宽的pH值范围内二者的脱色性能稳定，HTLCs-500对该染料的吸附效果优于HTLCs。

The adsorption properties of HTLCs and HTLCs -500 which calcined under 500 ℃ to direct red violet dye waste water are studied .The influence of adsorbent dosing quantity ,reaction time ,initial pH value ,reaction temperature on the adsorption direct red violet dye wastewater are researched .Through the orthogonal experiments ,the best adsorption condition of HTLCs and HTLCs -500 to direct red violet dye wastewater are determined .The results showed that the best adsorption condition ,HTLCs and HTLCs -500 to 80 mg/L direct red violet dye wastewater has the better adsorption performance ,decoloring rate is 92 .73%and 97 .52%,respectively in a relatively wide pH value range the decoloring performance is sta-ble,and HTLCs -500 of the dye adsorption effect is better than that of HTLCs .

为了使解淀粉芽孢杆菌LC03的芽孢漆酶对染料废水有更好的脱色作用,将其固定于海藻酸钙的凝胶中,测定其最适温度和最适pH及操作稳定性,并对RBBR、靛红（IC）、活性黑（RB5）、结晶紫（CV）等4种单染料进行脱色;通过加入漆酶介体,研究固定化漆酶-介体系统对单染料及模拟染料废水脱色的影响。结果表明：固定化漆酶最适温度65℃,最适pH为6.2,重复利用10次酶活还在80%以上;固定化小球对染料CV脱色作用尤为明显,脱色1 h后脱色率就达到80%以上,对其他3种染料也有一定的脱色作用;漆酶介体对染料的脱色均有促进作用,对染料IC、RBBR和RB5的促进作用尤为明显,且随着介体浓度的升高脱色率增大;固定化小球提高了漆酶的重复利用率,增加了漆酶的稳定性,在酸性、碱性、中性条件下,对单染料和模拟染料废水都有很好的脱色效果。

In order to obtain a good decolorization efficiency of dye wastewater, we fixed spore laccase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LC03 in seaweed acid calcium gel and determined its optimum temperature and pH and its operational stability.Then we studied the decolorization of four single dyes,including remazol brilliant blue R(RBBR),reactive black 5,indigo carmine and crystal violet, and investigated the effects of immobilized laccase-mediators with laccase mediators added on single dye to stimulate dye wastewater.Experiments showed that the optimum temperature was 65 ℃,the opti-mum pH was 6.2 and after 10 cycles of operation the immobilized enzyme remained over 80% of its initial activity. The immobilized pellets had a significant effect on decolorization of CV and more than 80% of CV was decolorized after 1 hour,while it also played some role in the decolorization of other three single dyes. Laccase mediators had a promoting effect on the decolorization of dyes especially on the IC,RBBR

概述了染料废水处理方法的研究现状及进展。对化学法(高级氧化法、化学混凝法)、物理法(活性炭吸附法、膜分离法、磁分离技术)、生物法(菌类降解法、厌氧好氧法、生物吸附法)中的优缺点进行了归纳,并对我国现阶段染料废水的新型方法做了展望。

The current research status and progress of treatment methods for dye wastewater are reviewed. The treatment methods for dye wastewater mainly include chemical methods(advanced oxidation and the chemical coag-ulation method),physical methods(active carbon adsorption,membrane separation and magnetic separation tech-nology)and biological methods(fungi degradation,aerobic anaerobic method,biological adsorption method). The kinds of new materials and new technology are summarized. The problems existing in the field of dye wastewater treatment are also analyzed.

Fenton氧化技术是高级氧化技术的一种，是处理难降解的废水是常用的技术之一。本文对Fenton氧化技术原理和影响因素进行分析，并对Fenton氧化技术在电镀废水、染料废水、造纸废水中的应用进行了研究。

Fenton oxidation method is a kind of advanced oxidation processes , which is usually used to treat refractory wastewater .This paper analysed the mechanism and factors of Fenton oxidation method .In addition , the present state of applications of Fenton oxidation method for electroplating wastewater , dyeing wastewater and paper making waste water were researched .