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双语推荐：永磁电机

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近年来，轴向永磁电机因其结构紧凑、效率高、功率密度大等优点获得研究人员越来越多的关注，已有大量文献对多种结构的轴向永磁电机在不同领域的应用进行了深入研究。该文介绍了轴向永磁电机的一般定转子结构以及若干特殊结构，对比了轴向永磁电机和传统径向永磁电机的性能和特征，分析了轴向永磁电机的设计分析方法，讨论了轴向永磁电机在不同领域的研究和应用，最后总结展望了轴向永磁电机及其相关技术研究的主要发展方向。
In recent years, axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines with pancake shape, compact construction, high efficiency and high power density have gained increasing interests of many researchers. Extensive literatures which involving a variety of AFPM machines topologies in different areas have appeared. This paper describes various conventional stator and rotor structures and several special ones of the AFPM machines, compares performance characteristics of the AFPM machines and the traditional radial flux permanent magnet (RFPM) machines, analyses the AFPM machine design and analysis methods and discusses the AFPM machines for different areas researches and applications. Finally, development trends of the AFPM machine related technologies are summarized and prospected.

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介绍了永磁推进电机损耗分布及其冷却系统,以及永磁推进电机温度场计算方法,并计算了某永磁推进电机额定工况下的温度场,将数值模拟结果与试验数据进行对比分析,验证了数值计算方法的准确性。最后对永磁推进电机的冷却效能进行了评估,从而为永磁推进电机优化设计提供了依据。
Losses distribution and cooling system of permanent magnet ( PM) propulsion motor was presented, then the numerical simulation method of PM propulsion motor temperature field was described, using it calculate the temperature field of one PM propulsion motor under rating power. Contrasting the experimental values with the numerical simulation results, it validated the veracity of the numerical simulation method. In the end, the cooling efficiency of PM propulsion motor was evaluated, which provided a basis for the PM propulsion motor optimization design.

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文章介绍了永磁推进电机损耗分布及其冷却系统,以及永磁推进电机温度场计算方法,并计算了某永磁推进电机额定工况下的温度场,将数值模拟结果与试验数据进行对比分析,验证了数值计算方法的准确性。最后对永磁推进电机的冷却效能进行了评估,从而为永磁推进电机优化设计提供了依据。
The article introduces the loss distribution and cooling system, the permanent magnet propulsion motor and permanent magnet propulsion motor temperature field calculation method, and a permanent magnet propulsion motor is calculated out under the rated conditions of temperature field. It also compares the numerical simulation results and experimental data, and verifies the accuracy of the numerical calculation method Finally, it evaluates the permanent magnet propulsion motor cooling effectiveness, which provides a basis for the optimization design for the permanent magnet propulsion motor.

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齿槽转矩是永磁电机的固有属性,引起电机的转矩波动,产生振动和噪声.为减小齿槽转矩,提高永磁伺服电机的控制精度,在研究永磁电机齿槽转矩产生机理的基础上,根据永磁电机齿槽转矩的解析式,研究定子齿部开辅助槽和转子磁极偏移对永磁电机齿槽转矩的影响;利用有限元软件ANSOFT,建立36槽8极永磁伺服电机的有限元分析模型,计算不同尺寸辅助槽和磁极偏心距离时的齿槽转矩,分析辅助槽尺寸和磁极偏心距离对齿槽转矩的影响.研究结果表明,合理的辅助槽尺寸和磁极偏心距离可有效削弱永磁伺服电机的齿槽转矩.
Cogging torque could cause the motor''s torque ripple occurred , and lead to mechanical vibration and acoustic noise .In order to weaken the PMSM''s cogging torque and improved control precision , this paper based on the study of cogging torque''s generating mechanism , according to the analysis formula of cogging torque , the impact of assist slot and PM eccentric distance affected the cogging torque was researched .The FEA software ANSOFT was used , the FEA model of 36 slots 8 pole was established , the cogging torque of different assist slot''s size and PM eccentric distance has been calculated , and the influence of assist slot''s size and PM eccentric dis-tance to cogging torque were analyzed .The results indicate that a reasonable assist slot size and eccentric dis-tance could help to reduce the PMSM''s cogging torque .

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针对永磁球形电机的结构,结合应用永磁同步电机矢量控制方法和球面的正多面体均匀划分,提出一种基于正六面体改进型的永磁球形电机结构。通过对球面多面体划分,优化永磁球形电机转子的永磁体和定子的线圈位置,使永磁球形电机可以分别绕三个正交轴独立旋转,令传统的矢量控制可以直接应用于球形电机的控制系统中。本文给出了电机结构的三维图并阐述了该电机的控制方法。
For the structure of permanent magnet spherical motor ,combined with the application of per-manent magnet synchronous motor vector control methods and spherical polyhedron evenly divided ,A permanent magnet spherical motor structure based on cube is developed in this paper . Though the sphere is divided by the polyhedron ,the location of the permanent magnet of the permanent magnet spherical rotor and the stator coil is optimized .The permanent magnet spherical motor can rotate a-round three orthogonal axes independently ,so that the traditional vector control can be directly applied to the control system of the spherical motor .The three - dimensional map of the motor and the control method are also demonstrated in this paper .

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永磁同步电机弱磁控制是当今永磁电机的研究热点之一。介绍了永磁同步电机传统的弱磁方法，分析了制约永磁同步电机弱磁调速范围的主要因素。从电机结构本体和电机驱动控制两个方面综述了国内外永磁同步电机弱磁研究现状，并总结出永磁同步电机弱磁研究新动向。
Flux weakening for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM ) is one of hot issues at present .The flux‐weakening method for traditional PMSM is introduced . The main reason why it is difficult for flux weakening of permanent magnet synchronous motor is analyzed . Overview of flux weakening for permanent magnet synchronous motor at home and aboard from the aspects of motor design and motor control is summarized . The new research trends of flux weakening for Permanent magnet synchronous motor are proposed .

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永磁电机的故障诊断和处理是提高舰船系统可靠性的关键。本文分析了永磁电机的基本数学模型,介绍了一种对永磁电机故障诊断方法,并得出了相应的结论。
Fault diagnosis and removal method of high power permanent magnetic synchronous motor （PMSM） is one of the key factors to improve the ship reliability. In this paper, the model of PMSM is set up and several fault diagnosis methods are discussed and correspondent conclusion is given.

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在现有Halbach阵列永磁电机的基础上,提出了一种磁极组合式的Halbach永磁阵列轴向磁场无铁心电机,阐述了该电机的结构与优点,分析了该电机的电磁转矩。借助三维有限元分析方法,优化设计了组成转子磁极的Halbach永磁材料、软磁材料尺寸。在综合考虑单位体积永磁体所产生电磁转矩和气隙磁密正弦性的基础上,确定了电机转子磁极上轴向磁化、切向磁化永磁体以及软磁材料的极弧系数。与传统Halbach结构轴向磁场无铁心永磁电机相比,优化后的磁极组合型轴向磁场无铁心永磁电机,在保证气隙磁密大小一定的基础上,减少了永磁体用量,降低电机造价,从而提高了电机性价比。样机实验和有限元分析结果验证了所设计电机的正确性和有效性。
A novel stator coreless axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machine with module poles and Halbach arrays was proposed in this paper. The structure features and advantages of the novel machine were introduced. The electromagnetic torque was analyzed. Based on three dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA), the sizes of permanent magnets and soft magnetic material of rotor poles were optimized. The electromagnetic torque per permanent magnet volume and air gap flux density sine distribution are the crucial factors which have to be considered in the rotor optimization procedure. Therefore, the pole arc coefficients of axial magnetization, tangential magnetization permanent magnets and soft magnetic materials in the rotor were derived. Compared to traditional stator coreless AFPM machine with Halbach arrays, the optimized novel machine has higher torque density and less permanent magnets. The experiment and FEA results on a prototype machine verify the correctness and effectiveness of

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机械变磁通永磁同步电机是利用机械传动方式实现磁场调节的一类新型永磁电机.通过引入机械调磁及机械变磁通永磁电机的概念,提出了几种典型拓扑结构的机械变磁通永磁同步电机,分析了新型电机的工作磁路与运行原理,并给出了各类电机综合特性的定性比较分析.结果表明,相对于其它几类机械变磁通永磁电机,转子错开式机械变磁通轴向磁场永磁同步电机拓扑结构具有弱磁效果较好、漏磁系数较小、效率较高和制造工艺较简单等优势.
A variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor (VFPMSM) with mechanical device is proposed for field regulation. By introducing the concepts of VFPMSM and flux control with mechanical device, some typical topological structures of VFPMSM are presented, of which the magnetic circuit and operation principles are analyzed. Additionally, the comparisons of comprehensive characteristics of it are obtained. The results show that the displaced-rotors axial VFPMSM has some advantages such as the better flux-weakening ability, less magnetic flux -leakage, higher efficiency and simple manufacturing process comparing with other topologies.

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以一台永磁电动机为例，在对电机结构、运行原理进行详细叙述的基础上，对永磁电机起动过程中的转子导条结构进行了分析研究，并对影响电机起动性能的相关影响因素进行了对比分析，对永磁电机起动性能的提升结构设计具有重要价值。
This paper takes permanent magnet motor as an example to analyze the structure of the rotor bars based on the de -tailed description of the motor operating principle and the structure of the motor during the process of starting performance of motor and to compare with the related factors affecting the effect of motor starting performance comparison , which has important value for improving structural performance start permanent magnet motor .

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