介绍了在Image-Pro Plus环境中测量数字心电图机波形数据的方法。将波形图纸数字化,再测量其波形的幅度、频率等参数。应用实践表明,该方法简便有效。

This paper introduces the method of measuring the digital ECG waveform data in Image-Pro in Plus environment. After the digital processing of the waveform drawing, we can measure amplitude and frequency of waveform. Application practice shows that the method is simple and efifcient.

为了对任意波形测量技术(OAWM)进行研究，利用高阶非线性光纤中交叉相位调制效应(HNL-XPM)，互相关光学频率分辨光学开关法( X-FROG)，提出了一种测量光学任意波形的新方案。以变换极限脉冲、线性正啁啾脉冲、双脉冲以及任意波形脉冲作为待测脉冲，采用Matlab软件对以上光脉冲光谱图进行了数值模拟，基于矩阵的主元素广义投影算法( PCGP)从数值模拟的光谱图中恢复了脉冲的振幅和相位，误差达到收敛的标准( G<10-5)。结果表明，该方案能够精确地测量任意波形脉冲。

For the sake of studying Optical Arbitrary Waveform Measurement (OAWM),a new scheme of optical arbitrary waveform measurement is proposed using higher-order nonlinear fiber cross-phase modulation effects and cross-correlation frequency-resolved op-tical gating. Then,several common optical pulses spectra are simulated by Matlab software such as transform-limited pulses,linear posi-tive chirp pulses,double pulses and arbitrary waveform pulses and use principal component generalized projects algorithm to retrieve am-plitude and phase of the pulse spectra for the free-noise XPM-XFROG traces,the error of the convergence is criteria ( G<10-5 ) . The re-sults show that this scheme can accurately measure optical arbitrary waveform pulses.

本文对加速度和速度谐波失真度进行了理论计算，并基于美国国家仪器公司研发的实验室虚拟仪器工程平台（Labview），设计出低频振动信号数字化测量系统，实现了振动台面对加速度波形、速度波形及其失真度的测量。基于该系统的实验数据与中国计量科学研究院设定的参考值偏差较小。对地震计的测试结果表明，加速度波形及其失真度对振动波形的精度描述更为严格，能有效提高地震计振动测试的准确程度。

Acceleration and velocity harmonic distortion are theoretically ana-lyzed,and then based on laboratory virtual instrument engineering workbench (Labview for short)digital measuring system is designed for the low-frequency vibration signals.Deviation between testing data from this system and the refer-ence value provided by National Institute of Metrology is minor.Seismometer calibration results indicate that acceleration waveform and its distortion reflect the actual condition of the shake table in a much harsher way,providing more precise information for the seismometer test on the shake table.

国内外普遍采用电声脉冲法（PEA）来测量固体电介质中空间电荷的分布。但受固体介质的声学特性和系统频带响应的影响，所测信号的波形会产生畸变，一方面，信号幅值产生衰减，波形脉宽展宽；另一方面，信号产生过冲，严重影响对空间电荷形成机理及分布的判断。针对引起波形畸变的两个主要因素：介质的衰减和色散及测量系统的频带响应引起的非线性相位失真和损耗，综述了国内外关于不同固体电介质形状的空间电荷波形恢复的方法，对比了不同方法的恢复效果，并指出了基于PEA的波形恢复的发展方向和要求。

Both at home and abroad, the pulsed electro-acoustic (PEA) method is commonly adopted to measure the space charge distribution in dielectrics, but the measured signal waveforms will generate distortion because of the impact of acoustic characte-ristics of solid dielectrics and the system band response. On the one hand, signal amplitude attenuates and pulse width broadens;on the other hand, the signal generates overshooting, which severely affects the judgement of formation mechanism and distribution of space charge. In allusion to the two main factors of dielectric attenuation and dispersion causing waveforms distortion, the non-linear phase distortion and loss caused by system band response were measured. This paper described the space charge waveforms recovery method of different solid dielectrics shape at home and abroad and compared the recovery effects, pointing out the devel-opment direction and requirements of waveforms recovery based on PEA.

相关法超声波流量检测方法,能有效利用超声波脉冲的整体信息进行时差测量.但针对传统相关法的超声波流量测量过程中,等振幅周期信号具有重复性,波形在利用相关法计算的结果不能准确地反映出信号的时间差的这一缺点.采用改进的相关法,使用FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)发出一种特殊调制的驱动脉冲,使超声波探头在需要的一定周期内发射出幅度调制的波形,克服等振幅周期信号在做相关后时间差判断不准的情况,并且硬件平台相对简单即可达到理想效果.通过实验可以证明,控制激励探头的脉冲信号的占空比,可以改变发射波形的幅值特性,得到适合相关运算的波形,达到预期的测量效果.

Ultrasonic flow detection method based on correlation method can effectively use ultrasonic pulse to measure overall information of time difference. But in the ultrasonic flow measurement process based on traditional correlation method, the equavalent amplitude cycle signal is repeatable so that waveform in the use of correlation method calculation results can not accurately reflect time difference of the signal. An improved correlation method is used. The ratio modulation drive pulse is emitted by using FPGA (field programmable gate array) to make ultrasonic probe to emit a waveform with amplitude modulation in a certain period to avoid the situation of inaccurate judgment of the constant amplitude periodic signals in the correlation processing time,but achieve an ideal effect by relative simple hardware platform. The experiments prove that the amplitude characteristics of emission waveform can be changed by controlling the duty cycle of pulse signal of incent probe. The waveform suit