为了优化冬季温室环境,运用CFD模拟技术,分析了冬季某温室的气流组织情况,指出了冬季温室存在的弊端：由于冬季温室不通风,温室内气流停滞,二氧化碳浓度及温度分布不均匀,无法为植物生长提供良好的生长环境。为此,根据温室的实际情况,提出了通过用内循环风扇来优化温室内气流组织的方法,使温室内气体流动,形成良好的气流组织,改善植物的生长环境,达到提高温室产量的目的。

In order to optimize the environment of greenhouse in winter , using the CFD simulation technology to analyses the air distribution in a greenhouse .Thus conclude the disadvantages in the greenhouse , they are:because of the green-house is nonventillated , the gas stratification and the Carbon dioxide and temperature is normniformity .It is not a good growing environment for plants .According to the actual situation of the greenhouse , put forward the method that optimize the air distribution by circulation fan , aim at to through the air flow to form a good air distribution and improve the gro wing environment of plants .Thus to achieve the purpose of increase the production of greenhouse .

以往的温室作物生长和小气候环境模型，主要是从面向研究而不是面向实际生产的温室获得的，这二者的最大不同是：面向研究的模型主要考虑的是得到作物生长高产所需的“最优”的温室内部气候环境参数设定值，而较少考虑温室内控制设备的能力（控制动态过程）、生产过程中温室外气候变化情况和达到“最优”所需付出的能量等代价：而后者在面向实际生产的自动化控制的温室系统模型中是必不可少的。当前温室系统自动化控制面临的一个最大困难，就是缺乏一个这样的可靠的温室系统模型，而只能采用面向研究的温室系统模型去进行实际生产的温室系统控制，这种忽视实际生产条件下的温室系统模型与理想条件下的模型之间差异的“纸上谈兵”的做法，必然导致温室控制技术水平低、达不到预期效果。该文介绍了温室系统的整个控制过程，对一个实际生产的温室系统中各种变量和参数作了简要描述，并概括了面向实际的温室生产控制要求的温室系统模型的基本结构，对温室环境模型、作物生长模型和能耗及CO2消耗模型的研究现状作了详细的回顾。从满足控制需求出发对现有的温室系统模型所存在的问题进行了分析，并指出了其中的不足和局限性。探讨了未来温室系统的建模方法和需要解决的关键问题，提出了面向控制需求的温室系统建模要满足的要求，为温室系统的建模研究提供了一种新的思路和方向。

Economy-based optimal control of greenhouses is an important technique to reduce the operating cost and increase the crop yield. In General, the structure of a typical greenhouse control system consists of two layers:the objective optimization layer and the process control layer. The aim of the former is to obtain the target trajectories of environmental states; while in the latter, environmental states are tuned to track those obtained trajectories. Based on this framework, some relevant models to the greenhouse system, such as greenhouse microclimate model, crop growth and yield model, energy consumption predicting model and CO2 consumption predicting model, need to be built, and some constraints over environmental states and control inputs must be determined. However, most greenhouse climate models and crop growth models proposed in literature are research-oriented rather than based on practical cultivation. The biggest difference between the two is that research-oriented models sol

随着国内温室气体减排工作的深入,企业温室气体量化成为实现温室气体减排目标的必然选择.本文简要介绍了企业温室气体量化方法,论述了企业温室气体量化时的几个关键问题:1)确定排放边界方法;2)选取基准年方法;3)确定温室气体排放源方法4)如何选择量化方法;4)收集活动数据的方法;5)如何对数据进行量化以及对量化数据进行不确定分析.本文介绍的方法可以指导企业进行温室气体量化.

@@@@With the word of domestic GHG emission reduction in depth, GHG’s quantification in Corporation becomes to the inevitable choice of achieve GHG emission reduction targets.This paper briefly introduced the corporate GHG’s quantification methods,discussed several key points of corporate GHG’s quantification:1)Determine the emission boundary’s method 2)Select the base year’s method;3)Determine the emissions source of GHG’s method;4) How to select a quantization’s method;5)The method of collect activities data;6)How to quantize the data and make uncertainty analysis about the quantified data.The methods which were introduced in this paper can guide the enterprise to GHG quantification.

借助中国农业大学首次研发的日光温室光环境模拟预测软件，模拟研究了一定跨度（6m）和不同跨度（6、8、10m）下，指定时刻温室内各点的光照度分布，以及不同跨度、指定时间段，温室内各表面的累积光辐射能量的分布规律及温室的透光率。结果表明：随着温室跨度的增加，温室地面和墙面的累积光辐射能量是增加的，而两者的光照度却呈下降的趋势；考虑到温室内作物吸收能量的效率与种植规模的因素，温室跨度以8m 为宜。温室的平均透光率在温室跨度为8m时达到最大值63．6％。这一结论，与日光温室实际建造的普遍做法相符。

This paper studies law of light distribution and cumulative radiation energy on different greenhouse span (6m, 8m,10m) by China Agriculture University Greenhouse Light Environment Simulation Software .The results show that with the increase in Greenhouse span ,optical radiation accumulation of greenhouse floor and wall is increased , however ,the light intensity both are in a downward trend .Considered the efficiency of energy absorption of crops in greenhouse and planting scale factors , 8 meters of greenhouse span is appropriate .The average transmission rate reached the maximum value 63.6%when the greenhouse span is 8m.This conclusion accords with a common practice on sunlight greenhouse built .

为实现定期上市目标下的温室栽培生产规划，以作物辐热积模型为依据，利用历史气象数据和市场价格信息，建立基于辐热积模型的温室黄瓜栽培生产规划决策模型。应用 Web 技术开发了温室作物栽培生产规划决策系统，系统能实现作物在确定种植时间条件下预计上市期及温室运行过程的逐日环境优化决策，并以温室栽培黄瓜为例，对决策模型进行了验证。结果表明，系统能根据用户所提出的决策目标和温室运行状况，实现温室栽培生产的规划决策。

Based on product of thermal effectiveness and PAR model ,history climate and market data ,the decision sup-port model of greenhouse culture plan was established .The decision support system was developed based on Web .The deci-sions can be achieved by the proposed system for predicting marketing period with the premise of field planting date and for the environment optimization on a daily basis in the process of greenhouse operation .Using cucumber culture as an example , the decision model was verified .The results showed that the production plan decision can be realized by the proposed system according to user demand and greenhouse realtime climate .