燃煤锅炉炉膛负压调节回路的控制难点在于给煤量的控制,由于燃烧过程中必须使炉膛保持一定的负压,常规控制方法很难得到较快的响应特性和准确的给煤量参数。采用模糊控制器对炉膛压力调节回路进行调解,得到较精确的控制效果,从而避免了火焰外喷和资源浪费问题。

What makes furnace pressure adjustment loop of coal furnace difficult is control to coal quantity, because we must make the furnace maintain a certain negative pressure, the conventional control method is hard to get the faster response characteristics and more accurate coal amount parameter. A fuzzy controller is used to control furnace pressure adjustment loop of furnace in this paper and get more precise control effect so as to avoid flame spraying and the waste of resources.

本文以大坝发电有限责任公司#4机组炉膛压力测量装置为例,对测量装置存在问题进行了分析,然后对测量装置进行了改进设计,从而可以有效防止锅炉炉膛堵灰现象的发生,提高了锅炉装置的工作效率和安全性。

Taking furnace pressure measuring device of No.4 unit of Daba Power Generation Co., LTD. as an example, the paper studies the problems in measuring device, so as to improve the design of measuring device for preventing furnace plugging; it improves the work efficiency and safety of the boiler device.

大型循环流化床(CFB)锅炉在低负荷运行时，较多存在沿宽度方向两侧床压交替大幅度波动的床压横向波动现象，严重影响锅炉的正常、安全运行。为了深入分析床压横向波动问题，在2台300 MW亚临界单炉膛、三分离器循环流化床锅炉上进行测试。在50%负荷的工况下，炉膛发生了床压横向波动，波动周期分别为83和116 s，波动幅度分别达到5和11 kPa。运行数据分析表明：产生床压横向波动的原因并非外循环回路不均匀导致。提出了大尺度气固两相流动系统固有波动频率的概念，认为炉膛横向压力波动是由风–床系统的压力波动的共振引起的，并建立压力波动简化模型，模型计算能够较好的符合实验结果。建议通过流态重构和调整一次风管网结构来避免床压横向波动的发生。

When large-scale circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler working under low load condition, severe lateral bed pressure wave often occurs and poses a serious threat to boiler stability and safety. In order to further analyze lateral bed pressure wave, testing works were carried out on two 300MW sub-critical CFB boilers. Under 50%percent load of the boiler, severe periodical pressure fluctuation happened. The periodical pressure fluctuations were over 5kPa and 11kPa, with a cycle of 83s and 116s respectively. From the test result, the external circle loops are not to be considered as the reason of lateral bed pressure wave. Based on the theory of air-bed system resonance, a large scale gas-solid flow self-fluctuation model was proposed. The model results are basically consistent with experiment data. Fluidization reconstruction and pipe modification will avoid lateral bed pressure wave.

建立了自然循环汽包炉下降管-上升管-汽包回路的稳态数学模型，该模型是由物质、能量和动量微分方程以及工质物性和相变代数方程组成，炉膛相对热负荷沿高度的一维经验分布作为模型的驱动方程，炉膛平均热负荷是求解变量，因此，热负荷不是独立变量，它与汽包产生的蒸汽量相关，这与实际物理过程较好地相符。该模型能够预测不同运行状态下工质在上升管内的压力、温度、循环流量以及含汽率分布，模拟结果给出了蒸发管内两相流动和传热的清晰图景，循环倍率的预测值与有关文献给出的结果相一致。

A steady-state model was developed which gave detailed account of the thermal-hydraulic phenomena in down-comer-riser-drum loop of a natural circulation drum-type boiler. The model was composed of mass, energy and momentum conservation equations, together with algebraic relationships to describe the working fluids properties and phase change. The empirical relative distribution of heat flux along the height of the furnace was used to drive the model, the averaged heat flux in furnace was solved as unknown, and this fairly accords with the physical process. The model is capable of predicting working fluids temperature, pressure, circulation flow-rates and steam distributions in risers under various operating conditions. Results of the simulation provide a clear insight into two-phase flow and heat transfer conditions in evaporating tubes, and predicated circulation ratios are consistent with results obtained in other literatures.

火力发电厂中向汽轮发电机组提供蒸汽的锅炉，主要包括锅炉本体和一些辅助设备。燃料在锅炉的炉膛中燃烧释放热能，经过金属壁面传热使锅炉中的水转化成具有一定压力和温度的过热蒸汽，随后把蒸汽送入汽轮机，由汽轮驱动进行发电。燃烧优化技术能够有效提高锅炉燃烧的效率并减少污染。本文重点分析了电站锅炉燃烧优化技术。

Coal-fired power plant provides steam to steam turbine unit; it mainly includes boiler body and some auxiliary equipment. Fuel burns and release heat in the furnace of the boiler, metal wall transfer heat and convert the water into a certain pressure and temperature of superheated steam, and then enter into the steam turbine, drive steam turbine to generate electricity. Combustion optimization technology can effectively improve the efficiency of the boiler combustion and reduce pollution. This paper analyzes the power plant boiler combustion optimization techniques.