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双语推荐：炎陵

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湖南炎陵客家民歌包括客家山歌、小调、劳动号子以及风俗歌曲,是炎陵客家人在山野间的劳动和生活中产生的,全面反映了历史上炎陵客家人的生产劳动和日常生活内容。炎陵客家民歌在客家人近现代的革命活动、曲艺、戏曲和民间器乐以及建国后新民歌的创作中,其表现内容、音乐旋律、音乐结构和表演形式都在不断发展和创新。
Hunan Yanling Hakka folk songs include Hakka mountain songs,work songs,minor and custom songs,which are originated from the Yanling Hakka people’s work and life in the mountains.They fully reflect the Hakka people’s productive labor and daily life in the history.Yanling Hakka folk songs have been developing and innovating in the Hakka modern revolutionary activities,folk art,traditional opera and folk instrumental mu-sic,and the contents,music,musical structures and performance forms of Hakka folk songs are also developing quickly in new China.

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炎陵民歌内容丰富,异彩纷呈,具体可以分为"革命民歌""劳动民歌""风俗民歌""苦难民歌""爱情民歌"和"处世民歌"6类。这些内容丰富多彩的民歌歌词,呈现出情感真挚、朴实自然、爱憎分明的审美特点。炎陵民歌丰富多彩的内容以及由此而呈现的审美特点,是我们了解炎陵历史、社会和生活的取之不尽,用之不竭的精神财富。
The content of Yanling folk songs is rich and colorful,which can be classified into the following six forms:revolutionary songs,labor songs,customs songs,suffering songs,love songs,and songs about the philoso-phy of life.Their aesthetic characteristics consist of sincere feelings,simple naturalness,distinctive love and ha-tred.The rich content and aesthetic features of Yanling folk songs are the inexhaustible spiritual treasures helping us know well about Yanling''s history,society,and life.

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本文通过收集大量鲜为人知的史料,论述了神农氏炎帝历代的继承、炎陵县鹿原坡炎帝陵其人、"茶王城"的历史变迁、茶陵茶四条历史掌故,为唐代陆羽《茶经》"茶之为饮,发乎神农"作了解读。
Through a number of historical records, the inheritance of Shennong Yandi, The Yandi Tomb in Luyuanpo Yanling County, the historical change of Chawang Town and four anecdotes of Chaling tea were discussed. By this, the Luyu’s writing Tea as a drink originated from Yandi was explained.

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以中国南方山丘区具有代表性的客家文化聚居区——炎陵县为例,采用客家文化景观基因的特征提取技术,从民居建筑、传统习俗、地方方言、宗法制度、民间信仰5个角度,提取了炎陵县客家文化景观基因的特征。研究结果表明:1)该县客家人以开放性"围堡式"的血缘宗族聚居模式,与畲、黎、瑶等少数民族通婚繁衍在山丘区的山谷地带;在"入乡随俗"谋求生存发展的环境中,某些方面已适应当地习俗,但仍保留了基本的客家精神及风俗;并以当地炎帝神农文化为主要文化参照,形成了独具炎陵县特色的客家文化。2)该县客家文化的景观基因在不同发生发展过程中有着衣、食、住、行、商等物质性方面的表达载体和地方语言、宗法制度、民间信仰、民情风俗、文化艺术等非物质性方面的表达形式。
In this paper, a representative Hakka settlement in extended hilly area of southern China-Yanling County in Hunan, is taken as an example to extract gene features of Hakka cultural landscape by using feature extraction technology from the angles of residential buildings, traditions and customs, local dialects, patriarchal system, and folk beliefs. The results show that:1) The residence of the Hakkas in Yanling county is open castle of clan with blood relationship, where the residents may have intermarriage relation with local ethnic minorities such as She, Li, and Yao, as the Hakka ancestors needed to seek survival and development environment and adapt themselves to local conditions when they migrated into a new area. But the Yanling Hakkas still basically retain their own spirit and custom, and take Shennong culture of Yan Emperor as their cultural reference, forming a unique Yanling Hakka culture. 2) In different development courses the landscape gene of Yanling Hakka cultu

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比较电针阳陵泉、阳陵泉配胆囊穴对慢性炎性低张力胆囊动力学影响的时效规律。方法:B超测定电针前即时及电针60 min内第5 min、10 min、20 min、30 min、40 min、50 min、60 min的胆囊体积,描记电针对胆囊动力学影响的时效规律曲线。结果:两组穴位均表现为电针的最初20 min内胆囊体积呈舒张性变化,在随后的20 min内又有1次较明显的舒缩运动,时间效应明显(P0.05),但交互作用未显示统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:电针远端穴治疗慢性胆囊炎时,留针时间以40 min为宜,治疗频次以每天2次为宜,阳陵泉穴与胆囊穴不宜同时取用。
Objective:To compare the effect of electroacupuncture at Yanglingquan and Yanglingquan matching with Dannang point on chronic cholecystitis patients with low tension gallbladder .Methods:The gallbladder vol-umes at different time points ( immediately before electroacupuncture , after 5 minutes,10 minutes,20 minutes, 30 minutes,40 minutes,50 minutes,60 minutes) were measured by B-ultrasonography, and then the curves of time-effect rule were traced out .Results:The two groups showed that the gallbladder volumes had changed in diastole in the first 20 minutes, and there was an apparent diastolic movement in the second 20 minutes, and time effect was significant(P 0.05).Conclusion:When acupuncturing the distal points ,the best time of retaining needle is 40 minutes, and acupuncture frequen-cy should be twice a day .Yanglingquan and Dannang points should not be used at the same time .

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目的：通过对针灸治疗前列腺炎临床文献的研究,探寻临床治疗前列腺炎选穴规律。方法：借鉴文献计量学及数据挖掘的相关方法,对针灸治疗前列腺炎临床研究文献的常用腧穴及经络进行描述性统计。结果：符合研究标准的文献共283篇,涉及93个穴位、1312频次,平均每个穴位使用14.11次;选用穴位累积频率50%以上且相对频率由大到小依次为中极、关元、三阴交、秩边、阴陵泉、气海;应用频次最多的经络为任脉（33.77%）、膀胱经（27.29%）、脾经（14.86%）。结论：针灸治疗前列腺炎所选穴位主要集中在中极、关元、三阴交,经络上任脉、膀胱经、脾经最为常见。
Objective:This review tried to find the law of acupuncture and moxibustion for treating prostatitis by researching the clinical documents.Methods:Bibliometric analysis and data mining were referenced.Results:283 articles were chosen.93 acupoints were involved with a total frequency of 1312.The average frequency of each acupoint was 14.11.The acupoints whose accumulative frequency exceeded 50%were as follows, Zhongji (RN3), Guanyuan(RN4), Sanyinjiao(SP6), Zhibian(BL54), Yinlingquan(SP9) and Qihai(RN6).The commonly used meridians were the Conception vessel (33.77%), the Bladder meridian (27.29%) and the Spleen meridian (14.86%).Conclusion:The commonly used acupoints for prostatitis are RN3, RN4 and SP6, and the main meridians are the Conception vessel, the Bladder meridian and the Spleen meridian.

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目的：探讨针刺雀啄灸治疗足底筋膜炎的临床疗效。方法：将90例观察病例随机分为治疗组60例，对照组30例，治疗组采用针刺雀啄灸法。针刺取穴委中、三阴交、太溪、阿是、阳陵泉、太冲，采用石学敏教授醒脑开窍针刺法之委中、三阴交、太溪取穴法，其余穴位常规取穴，阿是穴用雀啄灸法。治疗组仅用针刺方法，取穴与操作同治疗组。结果：治疗组有效率为96.7%，对照组有效率为80.0%，治疗组疗效明显优于对照组，经统计学处理，P〈0.01。结论：针灸并用治疗足底筋膜炎疗效确切，方法简便，安全可靠，值得临床推广应用。
To observe clinical effects of Zhenci Quezhuo moxibustion on treating plantar fasciitis. Methods:90 patients were randomly divided into two groups, the treatment was given Zhenci Quezhuo acupuncture, apply acupuncture at Weizhong, Sanyinjiao, Taixi point by Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy, the other acu-point were treated as normal, apply Quezhuo acupuncture at Ashi point. The control was treated by acupuncture solo. Results: The total efficacy in two groups were 96.7% and 80.0% respectively with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion:Acupuncture for plantar fasciitis has confirmed effects and was safe, easy to operate, worthy of application.

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选取1级指标4个,2级指标10个,建立了一套科学、合理、具有可操作性的南方次生林珍贵乡土树种的价值评价标准和指标体系,并引入"市场逼近系数"对南方次生林珍贵乡土树种价值总量进行评价。以炎陵县青石冈国有林场木荷样地进行实例研究,结果表明:木荷样地的直接经济价值为1 152.0元,总价值量为4 411.2元,其样地林木价值只占总价值量的1/4左右。这为正确处理生态环境与社会经济协调发展提供了依据,同时也对后南方次生林珍贵乡土树种的价值评价和高效利用有一定的实际指导意义。
By selectinge species was set up, and through introducing“market approaching coefficient”, the total amo 4 first-grade indicators, 10 second-grade indicators, a set of scientific, reasonable and feasible standard and index system for evaluating the southern secondary forest precious indigenous tre unt of the secondary forest precious indigenous tree species value was assessed. Taking Yanling County qingshigang state-owned forest farm of Schima superba sample of case studies, the results show that:the sample plot of Schima superba kind of direct economic value of 1 152 yuan, the total value of 4 411.2 yuan, the kind of forest value only the total value of about 1/4. The findings provide a basis for correctly treating ecological environment and the social economy coordinated development, and have some practical guiding significance to the valuation and efficient use of secondary forests of precious local tree species in southern China.

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在炎陵县青石岗林场,采用样地调查的方法测量木荷次生天然林树高、胸径;应用Excel软件绘制胸径与树高关系的散点图,选取比较适合散点分布趋势的线性方程、二次曲线、幂函数、对数函数4种生长模型,结合SPSS、Matlab软件对木荷胸径与树高的关系进行拟合。结果表明:在95%的置信区间内,对数函数的回归效果最显著,相关系数最大为0.992,残差平方和最小为18.689,正确率达97.5%;在不考虑单个方程对整体的拟合效果时,用幂函数、对数函数、二次曲线函数3个模型的分段函数,更能准确地描述木荷的胸径树高生长特性,为最佳生长模拟模型。
In the county of Yanling Qingshigang Forest Farm ,adopt the method of sample plot survey to measure of the Schima super-ba of secondary natural forest tree height ,DBH.Applied of Excellsoftware to draw a scatter plot of the relationship between the diam -eter at breast height and tree height .Selected linear equations ,quadratic curve ,power function and logarithmic function such 4 kinds of growth models.With SPSS,and Matlab softwares,it fitted the Schima superba DBH and tree height relations.The results showed that:One was within the 95% confidence interval,the most significant regression effect was the logarithmic function ,the maximum correlation coefficient was 0.992 and the minimum residual sum of squares was 18.689 , the correct rate reached 97.5%.Another one was when no considering the effect of a single equation fitting ,power function,logarithmic function and quadratic curve 3 mod-els,it could more accurately describe the DBH ,and tree height growth characteristics of Schima s

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在炎陵县平乐乡洞子村和霞阳镇山垄村的黄桃基地进行了黄桃病虫害绿色综合防控技术应用试验示范。结果表明:黄板对有翅蚜虫的诱杀效果显著;频振式杀虫灯可诱杀6目13科20种害虫;性诱剂+诱捕器可诱杀桃蛀螟和桃潜叶蛾成虫,效果明显;果园留草能有效改善果园小气候,保护天敌,控制害虫;果实套袋能阻隔病虫的危害,改善果实外观品质;吡蚜酮、氯虫苯甲酰胺等高效低毒低残留药剂,可根据果园病害情况适时施用。通过应用绿色综合防控技术,实现了立体诱杀害虫和控制病害蔓延的目标,有利于提高果实的产量及品质,还能显著降低果农劳动强度,与传统施药防治相比可节本增收33 480~34 410元/(hm2·a);同时减少环境污染,有利于黄桃产业健康稳定发展。
A demonstrating experiment was conducted to the comprehensive green control technology for diseases and insect pests of yellow peach in Dongzi Village, Lexiang Town and Shanlong Village, Xiayang Town of Yanling County. The results showed that the yellow sticky card had significant trapping effect on winged aphid; frequency oscillation pest-killing lamp can kill 20 species of insect pests from 13 Families of six Orders;attractant sex pheromone+traps can kill imago of Dichocrocis punctiferalis and Lyonetia clerkella signiifcantly;remaining grass in orchard can improve the microclimate of orchard, thus protecting natural enemy and controlling insect pests;fruit bagging can prevent the damage of diseases and insect pests and improve the appearance quality of fruits;it can use chemical agents with high efficiency, low toxin and low residue according to the disease situation of orchard, such as pymetrozine, chlorantraniliprole, etc.. Through applying comprehensive green control technology, i

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