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双语推荐：电动汽车

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许多城市引入了电动汽车作为出租车和公交车.以电动汽车和燃油汽车为研究对象,通过实测数据,分析比较小型电动汽车、小型汽油车以及电动公交车、柴油公交车在不同行驶速度下的最大A声级及频谱特性.为城市交通噪声污染防治提供数据参考.
Electric vehicles have been serving as taxis and public buses in many cities. In this paper, the electric and fuel vehicles are studied. Analysis and comparison of the maximum A-weighted sound level and spectrum of the electric and fuel cars and buses at different speeds are provided. This work offers some references for the prevention of urban transport noise.

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石油能源短缺和环境污染问题越来越严重,石油价格日益高涨,全球汽车产业结构不得不重新调整,随着世界各国汽车生产技术、消费市场的不断完善,纯电动汽车正在以自身的优势,将会大面积的推广应用,新能源纯电动动力汽车将会被消费者广泛接受,前景光明。
With the oil energy shortage and environmental pollution more and more serious, oil price is increasingly rising. The global car industrial structure have to readjust. As the world car production technology and the consumer market are continuously improved, electric vehicles will be the popularization in large area. The new energy electric vehicle will be widely accepted by consumers, and has a bright future.

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俄罗斯自1970年诞生第一辆纯电动汽车之后数十年,电动车研发与生产基本处于停滞状态。近几年,俄罗斯意识到节能、减排是未来汽车技术发展的主攻方向,其电动汽车产业发展逐渐开始升温。对俄罗斯电动汽车市场发展现状做了概括介绍,对政府出台的扶持政策、配套设施建设等方面进行了分析,展望了俄罗斯电动汽车未来发展前景。俄罗斯汽车制造企业,除研发生产混合动力汽车和纯电动汽车外,也积极同国外合作涉足燃料电池电动车的电池研发。2012年,俄罗斯交通部出台了《俄罗斯普及电动车发展规划》,进一步显示了俄罗斯政府发展电动车行业的决心。
The research and production of electric vehicles in Russia stagnated for decades since the emergence of the first pure electric vehicle in 1970. In recent years, Russia turns to develop electric vehicles industries, taking the energy-saving and emission-reducing as its target of future automobiles’ development. The paper introduced the market condition of Russian electric vehicles, and analyzed its supporting policy and infrastructure construction as well as prospects of electric vehicles development in Russia. In addition to hybrid vehicles and pure electric ones, Russian carmakers have moved into research on fuel cells used for fuel cell vehicles through international cooperation. In 2012, the Ministry of Transportation of Russia released the Development Program for Russian Electric Vehicles, showing Russian government’s determination on developing electric vehicles industries.

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针对纯电动汽车动力电池能量密度低、续驶里程短的问题,基于BFC6110EV-2电动公交车,设计了增程式电动公交车的动力系统参数,并根据汽车设计方法对所匹配参数进行了理论校核。在AMESim软件中利用稳态试验数据建立了增程式电动公交车整车仿真模型,采用单点恒温器控制策略,利用联合仿真方法对所设计的动力系统进行了仿真验证。结果表明,该增程式电动公交车动力系统的设计与参数匹配较合理,与传统纯电动公交车相比,其动力性及续驶里程都具有一定的优越性。
To solve the problem of low capacity density of the battery pack and short driving range of battery electric vehicles, the powertrain and control strategy of a range-extended electric bus were designed based on the electric bus BFC6110EV -2. The parameters of the powertrain were verified according to vehicle design method. The bus simulation model was built with steady state database of Software AMESim. Single-point thermostat control strategy was implemented and the co-simulation method was adopted to verify the powertrain, The results show that the powertrain design and parameter matching are reasonable, they also show advantages in dynamic performance and driving range as compared with traditional battery electric bus.

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空气污染、全球变暖和不断增长的能源需求，是人类目前面对的三大问题。汽车的电动化有望缓解或部分解决这些问题。一些主要国家已经制定了雄心勃勃的未来目标：到2020年，中国将有500万辆电动汽车上路，日本国200万辆，德国100万辆；而美国，到2015年，将有100万辆。这些国家正在热心地开发先进电池、燃料电池汽车、安全汽车、零碰撞汽车、联网汽车和自主汽车；此外，还包括“车到家、家到车”系统、用于居住社区的超小型汽车和紧急呼叫系统。借助于这些广泛领域的技术，人类有望创建一个新的产业乃至一个可持续性的社会。
World people are simultaneously dealing with the air pol ution, global warming and increasing energy demand. So, the automobile electriifcation is expected to be a promising solution in major countries to overcome the worldwide stringent regulation of the fuel saving after 2020. Their ambitious goals of the electric vehicles on roads in 2020 are ifve mil ion in China, two mil ion in Japan, one mil ion in Germany, and one mil ion in USA in 2015. Those countries are keen on developing advanced batteries, fuel-cel vehicles, safety vehicles, col ision-free vehicles, connected vehicles and autonomous vehicles, moreover, vehicle-to-home/home-to-vehicle systems, ultra-smal mobility used in residential areas, and emergency cal systems. Through technologies from these wide ifelds, people are aiming at creating a new business and even a sustainable society.

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充电设施的规划与建设是解决电动汽车发展瓶颈的重要问题。电动汽车在公共交通领域发展迅速,并广泛采用换电模式。文中充分考虑了电动公交汽车换电电量需求和充换电行为,提出了一种换电站—电池充电站建设模式,并给出了相应的优化规划方法。该方法首先使用近邻传播聚类算法对换电需求点进行空间聚类,以确定电池充电站的站址和规模,并利用化石燃料与电能的热值关系,将当前柴油公交车日消耗能量折算成电能以确定换电电量需求。然后,利用排队论方法对电池充电站内的工作情形进行建模,提出以拒绝服务率为主要约束,以综合建设成本最小为目标的优化模型。最后,以某城市实际统计数据为例给出了该市公交汽车换电站、电池充电站以及其充电设备、换电设备、电池的规划方案,为电动公交车充、换电站的实际规划提供参考。
The planning and deployment of electric vehicle battery charging devices is an important problem in tackling the bottleneck of electric vehicles.Although the charging mode is widely preferred,the exchange mode is still popular with public transport.A battery charging-exchange station construction mode is proposed along with the corresponding optimal planning strategy by taking the electric bus demand into consideration.The affinity propagation clustering algorithm is used to determine the sizing and siting of the battery charging stations.In order to identify the bus electricity demand,daily fuel consumption is converted into equivalent electricity usage.The queuing theory is put forward to model the daily management of battery charging stations.After that,a minimum construction cost optimization model is built with the service denying rate as the major constraint.Finally,actual statistics of a city are taken as an example to determine the quantity of charge/exchange devices and batter

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汽车电动助力转向系统是汽车助力转向方式之一,近年来在汽车特别是在乘用车上得到越来越广泛的应用,其工作性能优劣直接影响到汽车的操纵稳定性和安全性。文章首先介绍了电动助力转向系统的发展历程,其次阐述了电动助力转向系统是如何分类的,最后对电动助力转向系统研发过程中的一些关键技术进行了说明。
The auto electric power steering system is one of the automobile power steering modes, which is widely used in cars especially passengers cars in recent years and the performance of which has direct effect on the operating stability and safety of automobiles.The paper firstly introduces the development of electric power steering system, then estates the classification of electric power steering system , finally explains some key technologies in the process of research and development of electric power steering system.

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简介了现代汽车的动力驱动的情况,明确指出当前汽车电动化是其主要的发展方向。简要分析了混合动力汽车的优势与在电动化方面的特点,明确了电能储存方式对汽车电动化的重要性,指出超级电容用于汽车上的优势,并简介了超级电容的类型、工作原理、充放电方式。论述了超级电容用于混合动力汽车上的关键技术问题,并对超级电容的其它应用领域进行了简介。
In this thesis, methods in power drive of modern vehicle are simply introduced. It is explicitly point out that modern vehicle electromotion is development direction. Advantage of hybrid electric vehicle and its properties are briefly related. It is explicitly point out that electric energy storage method in hybrid power vehicle is important. Advantage of super capacitor in hybrid electric vehicle is related. super capacitor kinds, operating principle, charge-discharge way are simply introduced. Key technology of super capacitor in hybrid power vehicle is discussed. Other application fields of super capacitor are simply introduced.

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简要介绍了汽车电动燃油泵电枢的结构，分析了汽车电动燃油泵电枢的主要零部件和电枢的主要生产过程及全自动动平衡机对燃油泵电枢动平衡的影响，为降低燃油泵电枢动不平衡量提供解决方向。
The framework of the automotive electronic fuel pump armature was introduced simply. The influences of the main parts of the fuel pump armature,the main manufacturing process of fuel armature and the full-automatic dynamic balance machine to the dynamic balance were analyzed. It provides solving direction to reduce the dynamic unbalance of fuel pump armature.

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汽车电动滑门（PSD）系统是在滑门系统的基础上,集成电子智能控制技术和传感器防夹技术的高级滑门系统,广泛应用于高档豪华商务车,兼具了滑门侧开启方便性和人机智能控制性,越来越受到消费者的青睐。本文结合江淮M6项目,介绍了汽车电动滑门的各子系统构成和原理,实现了电动滑门系统的自主开发。
Automobile Power sliding doors (PSD) system is advanced sliding door system which integrated electronic intelligent control technology and sensor technology based on the sliding door system,and which is widely used in luxury commercial car, and which is more and more popular for consumers because of both the opening convenience of sliding side door and human-machine intelligent controlling.Refer to JAC M6 item,this article describes the technical components and theory of the automotive power sliding door subsystem, and achieves the innovative development of the power sliding door system.

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