采用自由基水溶液共聚法，以丙烯酰胺（AM）、丙烯酸（AA）、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）等为功能单体合成了AM/AA/AMPS三元共聚物稠化剂（BHY9-6）。以BHY9-6为基液，加入一种中高温复合交联剂（QI-23）及其他添加剂得到了一种可控延迟的合成聚合物压裂液（简称B-Q压裂液）。研究了B-Q压裂液的交联性能、耐温耐剪切性能和破胶性能等。实验结果表明，通过控制交联剂静置时间、交联剂pH或基液pH中的一个或几个因素，可将B-Q压裂液的交联时间控制在合适的范围内（如40～120 s）。B-Q压裂液中各添加剂之间的配伍性好，对压裂液的交联时间及挑挂性能基本无影响，对耐温耐剪切性能的影响较小。B-Q压裂液经破胶后，破胶液黏度均小于3 mPa·s、破胶液表面张力均低于22 mN/m、无残渣、对地层伤害较小、破胶性能良好。B-Q压裂液与华北油田、东北油田、胜利油田等压裂用水配伍性好，性能优良，具有广泛的应用前景。

A terpolymer(BHY9-6) was synthesized from acrylamide(AM),acrylic acid(AA) and 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid(AMPS) through aqueous solution copolymerization. By adding a medium/high temperature composite crosslinking agent(QI-23) and other additives to the BHY9-6 base fluid,a delay-controllable copolymer fracturing fluid (B-Q fracturing fluid)was prepared. The temperature resistance,shearing performance,crosslinking performance and gel breaking performance of the B-Q fracturing fluid were investigated. The results showed that the crosslinking time could be adjusted in a certain range(e.g. 40-120 s) by changing one or several factors,namely standing time of crosslinking agent,pH of crosslinking agent and pH of the base fluid. The additives barely affected the crosslinking performance of the B-Q fracturing fluid,and slightly influenced its temperature resistance and shearing performance. The B-Q fracturing fluid could be completely broken. The gel breaking fluid wi

针对70,℃储层，采用水溶性较好、残渣含量较少的超级胍胶作为胍胶压裂液的稠化剂，选用交联效果较好的有机硼交联剂以及其他添加剂作为压裂用压裂液体系。压裂液除具备携砂等基本性能外，还具备快速破胶易返排的特点。通过对破胶剂破胶机理的分析，和对压裂液破胶、携砂性能的综合评价，得到最佳破胶剂加量范围，实现压裂作业完成后压裂液快速破胶返排，减少对地层伤害的目的。

Aiming at the 70,℃reservoir,a super guanidine gum with excellent water-solubility and less residue con-tent was taken as the fracturing fluid viscosifier. An organic boron crosslinking agent with good cross-linking effect and other additives were taken as the fracturing fluid system. Fracturing fluid should have the characteristics of fast gel breaking and high flowback except the basic performance of sand carrying. Through the analysis of the gel breaking mechanism of the gel breaker,and a comprehensive assessment of the fracturing fluid’s gel breaking and sand carry-ing performances,this study obtained the best added amount range for the gel breaker. Accordingly,the fracturing process will be achieved by accelerating the fracturing fluid’s gel breaking flowback and reducing the formation dam-age.

聚合物驱增产效果显著,但随之而来的注聚堵塞问题也日益突出,聚合物堵塞会导致注聚井的注入压力显著上升,注液困难,严重影响了聚驱注入效果和油田的正常生产.为了解决聚合物堵塞问题,基于自由基氧化降解反应思路开发了破胶剂TS-506A,通过对TS-506A的多项性能评价试验及破胶物模试验表明,在模拟地层条件下,破胶剂TS-506A对聚合物的降解率达99%以上,对于注聚造成的伤害率达50%的岩芯,破胶后的岩芯渗透率恢复值达128%,破胶率达157%,破胶效果显著.

Polymer flooding could increase the petroleum output dramatically,but the consequent blocking of the polymer injection become more and more prominent,which lead to high injection pressure,fluid affluxing difficulty. These problems would influence the effect of polymer flooding and the regular production of oilfields. In order to solve the polymer blocking,the gel breaker TS-506A has been developed which is based on the thought of free radical degradation reaction. The performance evaluation experiments of TS-506A indicate that the TS-506A gets good degradation rate over 99%. The physical model test demonstrates that the core penetration rate recovers to 100%and the gel breaking rate attains to 157%. The gel breaker TS-506A has remarkable polymer degradation effect.

对研究区块现行压裂液配方进行了系统的性能评价，主要存在着压裂液破胶不彻底、返排困难，岩心伤害大等缺点。本文结合储层地质情况，分别优化出了适应于研究区块的长2、长6储层的压裂液配方，并对优化后的体系进行了系统科学的性能评价。优化后的体系，冻胶破胶粘度小于5 mPa·s，表面张力小于28 mN/m，界面张力1 mN/m，岩心伤害率小于30%，属于低伤害压裂液，可以更好的为实际生产服务。

The performance evaluation system of the fracturing fluid formulation in study area was studied,there are mainly fracturing fluid gel breaking,flow back difficulties,disadvantages of core damage etc. This combination of reservoir geology,the optimum formula of fracturing fluid of Chang 2,Chang 6 reservoir is fit for the research to block,and the optimized system for the performance evaluation system of science. The optimized system,gel break-ing down viscosity is less than 5 mPa·s ,less than 28 mN/m,surface tension,interfacial tension of 1 mN/m,core damage rate is less than 30%,belong to low damage fracturing fluid,can be better for the actual production serv-ices.

采用电解质Na3PO4溶液诱导阴离子表面活性剂油酸钠（NaOA）形成蠕虫状胶束体系。利用冷冻断裂蚀刻透射电子显微镜技术（FF-TEM）和流变学方法，研究了Na3PO4在不同质量分数条件下诱导NaOA形成胶束体系的微观结构、流变特性、破胶行为以及重复利用等性能。通过对体系动态模量、剪切黏度、复合黏度等物理量的测量分析，发现该胶束体系在较宽的频率范围内呈现蠕虫状网状结构和优良的黏弹性能。通过内相破胶剂研究了该体系的破胶行为，并结合流变特性测试，证实了该胶束体系具有重复利用的可行性。与目前已成熟应用的羟丙基瓜胶（HPG）压裂液冻胶及其破胶液微观 FF-TEM对比分析显示， NaOA/Na3PO4黏弹性胶束体系具有清晰的网状结构，在温和条件下能够实现和 HPG经强氧化破胶后相当的破胶效果。上述结果表明NaOA/Na3PO4黏弹性胶束体系能够作为可重复利用清洁压裂液体系，应用前景广阔。

The electrolyte Na3PO4 solution is used to induce anionic surfactant NaOA to form wormlike micelle system. By using freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy (FF-TEM) technology and rheology method, the research about Na3PO4 which induces NaOA to form micelle system under different mass fractions, was conducted on the functions like microstructure, rheological proper-ties, gel breaking behavior and recycling. By measuring and analysis of physical quantities about dynamic modulus, shear viscosity, compound viscosity, etc. of the system, it was found that this micelle system shows wormlike net structure and good viscoelastic per-formance in a broad frequency. Using gel breakers, the gel breaking behavior of the system was studied, and combined with the test on rheological properties, it is proved that this micelle system is good for repeated use. Through comparison with the now maturely used hydroxypropyl guanidine gum (HPG) fracturing lfuid and microcosmic FF-TEM of its