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双语推荐：硫胺素

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目的：探讨糖尿病酮症酸中毒（DKA）患者血清硫胺素水平改变及临床意义。方法连续性收录2012年6月至2014年6月太和县人民医院收治的62例DKA患者，根据是否缺乏硫胺素将患者分为硫胺素正常组（对照组）和低硫胺素组。检测患者血糖、血乳酸、肌酐等生化指标。结果低硫胺素组硫胺素水平为（5．6±2．1）nmol／L，明显低于对照组的（15．4±5．1）nmol／L，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；低硫胺素组患者乳酸水平为（5．5±1．3）mmol／L，明显高于对照组的（1．2±0．3）mmol／L，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。相关性分析提示，硫胺素与血乳酸水平、APACHEⅡ积分呈负相关，r分别为－0．44、－0．48，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论DKA患者中硫胺素缺乏与高乳酸状态密切相关，是判断DKA病情及预后的重要指标之一。
Objective To evaluate the clinical value of thiamine in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) patients. Meth‐ods A total of 62 DKA patients from June 2012 to June 2014 were enrolled in this study and divided into two group based on the levels of thiamine :thiamine insufficient group and thiamine sufficient group(control group). Blood glu‐cose, lactate and creatinine were tested. Results The levels of thiamine in thiamine insufficient group (5. 6 ± 2. 1) nmol/L were lower than control group(15. 4 ± 5. 1)nmol/L(P<0. 05). The contents of lactate in thiamine insuffi‐cient group(5. 5 ± 1. 3)mmol/L were higher than control group(1. 2 ± 0. 3)mmol/L(P< 0. 05). Thiamine showed negative relationship with lactate (r= -0. 44, P<0. 05) and APACHE Ⅱ scores(r= -0. 48, P<0. 05). Conclusion Thiamine is closely related to high state of lactic acid in DKA patients, which may become an important indexes to judge DKA condition and prognosis.

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二十世纪初,动物营养学家提出反刍动物瘤胃合成的硫胺素能满足自身需要,但近年有学者对此提出质疑。为国内反刍动物生产提供参考及进一步开展牛羊硫胺素研究,本文对反刍动物牛羊硫胺素近年相关研究进行回顾和综述,且提出反刍动物日粮配制应注意硫胺素营养,并对相关研究进行了展望。
Thiamin in the nutrition metabolism plays important physiological functions for ruminant. This paper reviewed the research advance in thiamin nutrition for ruminant in order to provide refer?ence to ration compound and further study. Research aspects in the future were also discussed in this paper.

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1 化学结构 硫胺素(维生素B1)是一种对热和酸相对稳定的水溶性化合物,由1个嘧啶环和1个噻唑核通过亚甲基桥连接而成.硫胺素衍生物包括单磷酸酯、焦磷酸酯和三磷酸酯形式以及合成的盐酸盐和水溶性稍差的单硝酸盐形式.
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采用人工感染艾美耳球虫模型来评价抗球虫药盐酸氟乙基硫胺素的治疗效果,以期为临床用药提供依据。试验选取鸡240只,随机分为8组,每组30只,其中2组分别为模型组(感染不给药组)和空白对照组,另外6组分别为氨丙啉组、尼卡巴嗪组、马杜拉霉素组及盐酸氟乙基硫胺素组(高、中、低三个剂量),4种抗球虫药物进行治疗。除空白对照组外,其余各组动物接种球虫孢子化卵囊2.5×105个/只。连续给药5 d,在第7天将240只鸡全部扑杀剖检,根据存活率、相对增重率、卵囊值、病变值计算抗球虫指数(ACI),进而判定药物的疗效。结果表明,125 mg/kg氨丙啉组ACI为191.2、125 mg/kg尼卡巴嗪组ACI为192.9、5 mg/kg马杜拉霉素组ACI为186.7,均大于180,为高效抗球虫药;125 mg/kg盐酸氟乙基硫胺素组ACI为201.6,为高效抗球虫药。盐酸氟乙基硫胺素的抗球虫效果优于氨丙啉、马杜拉霉素及尼卡巴嗪。
This study aimed for evaluating the efficacy of fluoroethyl thiamine hydrochloride with artificial infection Eimeria coccidiosis in chicken. 240 chickens were divided into eight groups, 30 chickens in each group. Group 2 was positive and negative control groups, and chickens in other five groups were treated with four kinds of anticoccidial drugs (amprolium, nicarbazin, madubamycin and fluoroethyl thiamine hydrochloride). Except the negative control group, each chick was vaccinated 2. 5 × 105 sporulated Eimeria coccidia oocysts. The drug administration lasted five days and 240 chicken were killed and examined on the seven day. The anticoccidial index ( ACI) was calculated to judge the efficacy of drugs against coccidiosis. The results showed that the ACI of 125 mg/kg amprolium and nicarbazin group was 191. 2 and 192. 9, respectively. The ACI of 5 mg/kg madubamycin was 186. 7, which were more than 180. 0 to be the efficient anticoccidial drug. The ACI of 125 mg/kg fluoroethyl

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目的探讨恶性肿瘤并发Wernicke脑病患者的早期诊断。方法回顾性分析4例恶性肿瘤并发Wernicke脑病患者的临床、影像学资料。结果 4例患者中源于白血病2例,胃癌1例,小肠间质瘤1例,病前均有硫胺素摄入不足病史。临床均表现为不同程度的精神、意识障碍及运动功能障碍(包括四肢无力,站立、行走困难),头颅MR平扫显示T1WI低信号、T2WI高信号、FLAIR高信号的异常信号影,多对称分布在中线结构如中脑导水管、第三脑室、第四脑室的周围及乳头体。3例患者经补充大剂量硫胺素后症状迅速好转,1例放弃治疗。结论详细的病史、典型的临床表现以及头颅MR检查能为恶性肿瘤并发Wernicke脑病患者的早期诊断提供帮助,及早补充大剂量硫胺素是治疗的关键。
Objective To investigate the early diagnosis of maglinant tumor complicated by Wernicke encephalopathy patients.Methods The clinical and imaging characteristics of 4 cases of Wernicke encephalopathy were analyzed retrospec -tively.Results Among 4 patients,there were 2 cases of leukemia,1 case of gastric cancer,1 case of intestinal stormal tumor, All patients had inadequate intake of thiamine before onset .The clinical characteristics of Wernicke encephalopathy were dif -ferent dagree psychiatric and mental disorder ,motor function disorder (including extremities weakness ,standing and walking difficulty).In cranial MR, all cases were found low signals on T1 weighted images (T1WI) and high signals on T2WI and FLAIR in the third and fourth cerebral ventricles , aqueduct of midbrain, and bulla of fornix.3 cases with thiamine supple-mentation were significantly improved .1 case gave up treatment.Conclusion Detail history taking, the typical clinical mani-festations and cranial MR findings

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运用美拉德反应机理,研发一种鸡肉增香液的生产基本原料和最佳反应条件。结果表明:将鸡肉水解液100 g,丙氨酸0.9 g,谷氨酸钠1.0 g,木糖0.2 g,麦芽糖0.4 g和硫胺素1.3 g混合体系(pH7.5),在120℃热反应60 min,可获得一种色香俱佳的增香液。
In-order-to-develop-the-formula-of-increasing-aroma-solution-of-chicken-product-,some-basic-raw-materials-and-its-reaction-conditions-were-studied-by-the-use-of-Maillard-Reactions-.The-results-showed-that-the-mixed-system(hydrolyzed-chicken-protein-100-g,alanine-0.9-g,sodium-glutamate-1.0-g,xylose-0.2-g,maltose-0.4-g,thiamin-1.3-g,pH7.5)was-heated-and-reacted-at-120℃for-60-minutes,then-a-su-perb-color-fragrant-balsam-solution-was-obtained-.

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韦尼克脑病(Wernicke''s encephalopathy,WE)是由硫胺素(Vit B1)缺乏引起的重症神经系统疾病,典型的临床表现为出现急剧意识障碍、共济失调和眼球运动失调三联征.我科2013年11月治疗1例,现将治疗与护理体会报告如下. 1.病例介绍 患者女性,61岁,主因间歇性上腹痛20余天入院,胰腺MRI提示壶腹部占位伴胰管扩张.于2013年11月26日行胰十二指肠切除术.术后7d顺利恢复到进食流汁.
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对具有发酵产α-酮戊二酸能力的解脂耶氏酵母(Yarrowia Lipolytica)ZY-4进行了紫外诱变和NTG诱变育种,筛选得到产量提高的突变株,并对突变株的发酵培养基进行了优化,结果表明,紫外诱变和NTG诱变后筛选到的突变株分别比原始出发菌株产量提高了67.8%和110%。优化后发酵培养基成分为甘油8%,氯化铵5.0 g/L,硫胺素1.0μg/L,磷酸二氢钾1.0 g/L,七水硫酸镁0.5 g/L,培养基优化后α-酮戊二酸产量比原始出发菌株提高了232.4%。
A strain of Yarrowia lipolytica(ZY-4)which producingα-ketoglutaric acid(KGA)was treated for mutation by UV and NTG. Mutation strains which could accumulate much more KGA were obtained. Culture medium for mutation strain on KGA fermentation was also studied. The concentration of KGA accumulated by UV mutation strain and NTG mutation strain increased 67.8%and 110%respectively compared with original strain. The optimal fermentation medium contains glycerol 8%, NH4Cl 5.0 g/L, thiamine 1.0μg/L, KH2P04 1.0 g/L and MgSO4·7H2O 0.5 g/L. The production of KGA increased 232.4%after optimization when compared to the original strain.

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目的 分析外科手术后营养障碍并发韦尼克脑病(Wernicke''s encephalopathy,WE)的MRI特点及与预后的关系.方法 回顾性分析2012年1月至2013年11月我院诊治的5例外科手术后营养障碍并发Wernicke脑病的临床、MRI影像学表现及治疗转归等资料.结果 外科手术后营养障碍并发WE的临床表现缺乏特异性;病灶主要对称性分布于双侧丘脑内侧、第三脑室周围、中脑导水管周围、穹窿柱及中脑、桥脑背侧;病灶T1 WI呈等或低信号,T2WI呈高或稍高信号,FLAIR呈明显高信号,DWI(b值为1 000 s/mm2)呈高信号,所有病灶治疗前ADC值均下降[(0.46 ～0.59)×10-3mm2/s],治疗后病灶ADC值均升高[(0.81 ～ 1.10)×10-3 mm2/s].结论 Wernicke脑病具有典型的发病部位及MRI影像学特点,早期诊断并补充硫胺素对改善预后尤为重要.
Objective To analyze MRI imaging features of patients with Wernicke encephalopathy after major surgical operation.Methods Clinical data including cranial MRI features were reviewed on five patients of Wernicke encephalopathy after major surgical operation from Jan 2012 to Nov 2013.Results The clinical features of patients with Wernicke encephalopathy after major surgical operation were noncharacterized and most of them had no specific value for diagnosis except for a definite history of vit B1 insufficiency.MRI imaging showed abnormal signal in the medial thalamus,third ventricle,surrounding area of the aqueduct of midbrain,column of fornix and the dorsal midbrain and pons ; Lesions were showed with long T1 and long T2 signal intensity and high signal intensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR),and high signal intensity on DWI(b equals 1 000 s/mm2).ADC value in all lesions increased from [(0.46-0.59) ×10-3 mm2/s] before treatment to [(0.81-1.10) ×10-3 mm2/s] af

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目的：通过调查酒店就餐顾客一餐的食物摄入量，评估其合理性。方法选择南京市2家四星级、2家五星级酒店，采用称重法连续5d对600例就餐顾客进行一餐的膳食摄入量调查，根据食物成分表计算每标准人一餐的热能和营养素摄入量、食物摄入量、三大营养素产能比和蛋白质来源百分比。结果酒店就餐顾客一餐摄入能量适宜，三大营养素供热比不合理，脂肪供能比例过高；优质蛋白质的来源比例合理，但是蛋白质总量摄入过多；一餐膳食中谷类、蛋类、豆类及奶制品摄入不足，烹调油及食盐摄入过量；微量营养素方面蛋白质、脂肪、视黄醇当量、烟酸、维生素E、钠、铁摄入过量，钙、能量、核黄素、硫胺素摄入量适宜，抗坏血酸的摄入量不足。结论酒店就餐顾客一餐膳食结构不尽合理，营养搭配不尽科学均衡；需要加强营养健康教育，采取一定的干预措施，做到合理在外就餐。
Objective To investigate the food intake of one meal of the hotel customers and evaluate it rationality ,then provide dietary suggestions .Methods Six hundreds hotel customers were investigated in 2 four‐star hotel and 2 five‐star hotel of Nanjing , who were selected with a stratified sampling method .Their 5 days diet were investigated and then the dietary intake ,the percentage of energy from protein ,fat and carbohydrate and the percentage of protein resource were calculated based on the food composition table .Results It was shown that the daily energy intake of one meal was appropriate among the surveyed hotel customers ,and the energy proportion from 3 major nutrients were not reasonable ,and the energy proportion from fat were higher than other 2 major nutrients ;the proportion from the source of good proteins was reasonable ,but the intake of protein was too much;the customers fell short on their daily serving of grains ,eggs ,beans and milk products and the intake

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