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双语推荐：社会文化背景

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在当今多元文化的社会文化背景下出现了众多各具特色的音乐家，谭盾的音乐就是在这种文化背景下出现的产物：他不仅把远古的、富有中国传统特色的音乐带到了世界，又把西方的音乐手法运用到了中国的音乐上，形成了他的个人音乐风格。本文分析其音乐风格变化历程和多元文化背景，体现了多元音乐文化背景下其音乐风格的东西方融合。
In today''s cultural context of multicultural society, has many characteristics of musicians, Tan Dun’s music is the product of cultural background:he is not only take the old, the rich characteristics of Chinese traditional music to the world, and the Western musical techniques are applied to Chinese music, form his music style. This paper analyzes the history and multicultural background of musical style, reflects the East-West fusion of musical styles under the background of pluralistic music culture.

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汉语和英语都属于语言文化的一部分。语言能够反映民族特征，包括一个民族的历史和文化背景。不仅如此，不同民族的语言还涉及到不同民族的生活方式和思维方式，这些都属于语言的社会文化语境因素。所以，通过对中西方不同语言社会文化语境因素的研究和分析，了解中西方不同的文化背景和价值观，才能更好地促进中西文化的交际。
Both Chinese and English are parts of the language culture. Language is the mirror of national identities, including the historical and cultural background of a country. Not only that, different languages are deeply inlfuenced by different lifestyles and different thinking modes which consist of the social&cultural context factors. Therefore, in order to conduct much better intercultural communication, our Domestic English learners should study and analyzing the different social&cultural context factors at home and abroad, even have a good knowledge of Chinese and western cultural background and values.

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20世纪中国村落研究范式众多，然而仔细梳理公认的四种研究范式，发现其很难推而广之。原因在于研究者依据不同地域概括出的范式，既是一种自证预言，也忽视了村落共有的文化背景。这种文化背景既是当时村落社会公共性所在，也是更大层面社会共识能够达成的原因。回顾这一点有助于在新时期的乡村建设和研究中，更好地把握城镇化背景下的村落定位，推进新的村落文化公共性的形成，巩固社会团结和整合的基础。
There are many paradigms of Chinese village research in 20th century.However,the four gen-erally acknowledged are difficult to be popularized after careful study.The reason is that the paradigms re-searchers summarized according to different region,are both a self-fulfilling prophecy and overlooking the com-mon cultural background of the villages.This cultural background is both the publicity of the villages and the reason why a greater level of social consensus can be achieved.Recalling this will help us in the new era of ru-ral development and research better positioned to grasp the villages under the background of urbanization and promote a new form of public cultural village and consolidate the foundation of social solidarity and integration.

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不同的国家、民族由于不同的历史渊源、不同的社会习俗,形成了特定的文化背景,而特定的文化背景又形成了不同的语言规则、思维方式等。文化制约语言,语言承载文化,两者是相辅相依,不可分割。故,研究者可以通过语言,尤其是特定的语言模式,研究其蕴含的民族文化特征,从而更好地理解语言,促进交流。
Different countries, national due to the different history, different social customs, formed the specific cultural background, and the specific cultural background and formed the different language rules, ways of thinking, etc. Culture restricts the language, the language carries culture, both are linked, inseparable. Therefore, researchers can through language, especially in a particular language patterns, to study the contains the characteristics of national culture, so as to better understand the language, promote exchanges.

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文章比较大陆、台湾、美国的阅读和公共图书馆使用情况，分析不同经济、教育发展水平，不同文化背景对于阅读行为的影响，提出只有推进社会的全面发展，才能逐步改善全民阅读水平。
This article compares the reading situation and public library utilization in Mainland, Taiwan and America.The influence of economics, education and culture to reading behavior is analyzed.It points that all -round development of society is necessary to improve the reading level of China.

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周代社会礼坏乐崩,贵族诗书礼仪越不被人重视,越来逐渐失传。官学下达,私学由此兴起,儒家应势而生。研究周代儒家文化的兴起,对于正确把握孔子思想产生的文化背景具有重要的意义。
Zhou dynasty was in chaos ,noble poetry and etiquette gradually lost and was ignored .Official schools turned into private schools and Confucius began to rise .T he research about the rise of the Con-fucian culture in Zhou dynasty is very important to grasp the culture background of the Confucius thought .

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当代中国文化正处于多元化时代，培育与践行社会主义核心价值观势在必行。多元文化背景下成人高校培育与践行社会主义核心价值观面临挑战：转型时代的多元文化冲击校园，成人高校学生面临困惑与选择，核心价值观面临文化土壤问题。多元文化背景下成人高校培育与践行社会主义核心价值观现实意义：社会主义核心价值观是成人高校思想政治教育的灵魂，培育与践行社会主义核心价值观有益于社会稳定发展，有益于校园文化建设，有益于学生人格完善。多元文化背景下成人高校培育与践行社会主义核心价值观对策建议：坚持以人为本，促进学生全面发展；加强理想教育，培育学生精神动力；理论联系实际，改革德育教学模式；提高教师素质，健全德育工作体系；倡导人文精神，加强校园文化建设。
In the era of diversification ,China needs to cultivate and practicing Socialist Core values .The adult higher education is also faced with many challenges in this regards ,including the impact on the campus ,the dilemma facing the adult higher education students ,as well as the cultur‐al conflicts of the Core Value .The reasons why the adult education needs to cultivate and practice the social core value is that the core values is the soul of the political education for them ;that it will benefit the stable development of the society ,the campus cultural building and the perfection of the students''character .The paper proposed that in order to do so ,it is necessary to put the people first so as to promote the students''all‐round development .It is also of great important to reinforce the political education , reform the moral education model by improving the teacher''s quality and strengthen the campus cultural construction .

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随着社会的发展与人类生活的进步，人们对外语人才的要求越来越高。外语作为一种交际工具，能够在不同文化背景的人群中进行交流，从而获取信息。英语作为重要的外语语种之一，也应该跟随着社会发展的脚步，进行变革与创新。于是，交际教学法应运而生。
With the advancement of social development and human life, people have become increasingly demanding for-eign talent. Foreign language as a communication tool is able to communicate in a different cultural background of the crowd, in order to gain information. English as an important foreign language, one should also follow the pace of social development, for change and innovation. Thus, the communicative approach emerged.

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陕北汉画像石边饰图案符号既有对传统的继承又有时代的创新,是农业社会特定的经济文化背景下的中华民族审美文化心理的符号化凝定形式,具有鲜明的民族性和时代性。
The edging pattern symbol of Han Dynasty stone portraits is both inherited and traditional, both time-oriented and innovative, and it is the symbolic coagulated form of Chinese aesthetic and cultural psychology under the specific economic and cultural background of agricultural society. It has distinctive ethnic and times.

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面子作为一种复杂的社会心理现象,对跨文化交际的成败起着举足轻重的作用,因为交际场合在不同的文化背景下都涉及面子需求。不同文化背景的人们对"面子"的内涵、价值观上存在着较大的差异,由这种差别所导致的交际方式也大相径庭。探讨中西面子文化差异及其对交际模式的影响,有助于消除人们因"面子"引起的文化冲突和交往中的障碍,东西方文化的相互融合可有效促进跨文化交际。
As a complex social psychological phenomenon,“face”is a critical factor in cross cultural communication since face is needed in all contexts of social interaction.However,the concept of “face”varies across cultures,which results in great differences in communication patterns.Therefore an ex-ploration of the effect of cultural variations in the concept of “face”on communication patterns helps to cope up with the cultural conflicts and communication barriers and promote the integration of Chi-nese and Western cultures.

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