风电场在建设的过程中具有扰动面积大、植被破坏点多面广、地表扰动强度差异显著,以及水土流失以水力侵蚀为主,点、线、面共存且侵蚀强度大等特点。该文以粤北山区风电工程为例,针对水土流失及工程特点,进行了防治分区和工程措施布设,并针对粤北山区植被特点,对植被措施恢复中的植物种类配置和后期护育管理进行了探讨。

Characteristics that large disturbance area , multiple vegetation destruction areas , significant differences of disturbance intensity among surfaces , predominately water erosion , and high erosion intensity with point , line and surface coexistence , have been shown in the wind farm construction .Take the wind power project in mountainous area of northern Guangdong as an example , aiming at the water and soil erosion and project features , control zoning and engineering measures layout have been constructed . Vegetation types''distribution and caring management in later period have been discussed based on the vegetation features in moun -tainous area of northern Guangdong .

以粤北岩溶山区为研究对象,利用参与式农户访谈法,针对农户行为尺度产生的水土流失,从农户意愿行为出发,提出封禁模式、坡面治理模式、保护性耕作种植模式和生态农业循环模式等水土流失治理模式。

In allusion to soil erosion caused by farmers ’ behavior scale, taking the north karst mountain area of Guangdong as the research obj ect,the authors proposed several soil erosion governance modes proceeding from farmers’willingness by participatory interviewing method.Several management modes were proposed,such as ban model,slope governance model,conservation tillage cropping patterns and ecological agricultural cycle mode and other soil erosion control mode.

粤北山区的地域特点决定了那里的客家民系独特的行为方式和生活环境,随着中国城镇化的不断深入,古村落现存的物质生活空间与现代生活方式的矛盾日益突出。通过对粤北客属地区客家古村落的实地调研结合石塘古村规划的实际案例,探讨建设新农村人居环境景观体系的方式方法,改善客家村民的现代化居住环境,力求在保护原有自然生态环境的同时因地制宜梳理古村落景观,延续客家古村落的乡土特色,最终建成集休闲旅游和生态农业生产为一体的可持续发展的社会主义新农村。

Geographical characteristics of mountains of northern Guangdong determine the Hakka unique behavior and living environment. With the deepening of China′s urbanization,the contradiction between the living space of ancient villages′existing material and modern lifestyles has become increasingly prominent. Through surveying northern Guangdong Hakka ancient village and practical examples of Tong village′s planning, measures of constructing new rural living environment landscape system was used to improve the living environment of Hakka villagers′ modern needs,and to protect the original natural ecological environment at the same local conditions combining with ancient village′s landscape,the continuation of the ancient village of native Hakka characteristics. A set of leisure tourism and ecological agriculture production as one of the sustainable development of a new socialist countryside is ultimately built.

基于生态足迹理论，从省域、区域和市域3个不同的空间尺度对广东省2005年一2011年间水资源生态足迹和水资源生态承载力进行了计算与分析，结果表明：研究期内，广东省水资源生态足迹呈逐年减小的趋势，下降幅度为每年11．6％；万元GDP生态足迹逐年下降，水资源利用率逐年提高；全省水资源生态承载力较高，总体上呈现生态盈余，水资源利用状态为可持续。在区域差异上，粤北山区的水资源生态足迹最高，粤东地区最低；珠三角地区水资源生态压力最大，粤北地区最小。而市域空间分布上，韶关市、广州市人均水资源生态足迹在各地级市中较大，佛山市水资源生态压力位于各市之首。在社会经济发展过程中，各地区应根据区域水资源可持续利用状态，进行产业结构的调整，提高用水效率。

Based on the theory of ecological footprint, t he ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of w ater resources in Guangdong Province were calculated and analyzed from 2005 to 2011 in aspect of the provincial, regional, and municipal scales. The results showed that ( 1) during the study period, the w ater resources ecological footprint per capit a of Guangdong Province decreases continuously with a rate of 11. 6%/a;( 2) t he water resources ecological footprint per 104 yuan GDP decrea-ses annually, indicating the increasing of ut ilization of w ater resources;and( 3) the w ater resources ecological carrying capacity is high in the provincial scale, which suggested the ecological surplus status and t hus the utilization of water resources is sustain-able. On the regional distribution, the ecological foot print w as highest in the northern mountain area of Guangdong w hereas low-est in eastern Guangdong. The water resources ecological pressure w as highest in the Pearl River

在不同地点、不同肥力的果园,设置柰李肥料试验,对施肥量、土壤有效养分含量(碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾)和柰李相对产量等试验数据进行相关统计分析,并求取相应的回归方程,建立合适的数学模型,以此初步建立粤北山区柰李土壤有效养分丰缺指标和不同肥力土壤的推荐施肥量指标。结果表明:柰李的碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾丰缺指标的数学模型分别为:y(相对产量)=37.334 ln(x)-89.905(R2=0.549 2,n=15)、y(相对产量)=11.149 ln(x)+37.141(R2=0.915 7,n=15)、y(相对产量)=32.779 ln(x)-65.621(R2=0.902,n=15)。柰李的推荐施氮、磷、钾肥总量数学模型分别为:y=-18.763 ln(x)+98.391(R2=0.669 9,n=15)、y=-2.611 2 ln(x)+16.07(R2=0.767 1,n=15)、y=-15.601 ln(x)+83.701(R2=0.750 9,n=15)。并根据推荐施肥量数学模型计算出粤北山区柰李不同土壤有效养分含量的推荐施肥总量。当土壤碱解氮含量分别为:42.41、42.41~82.84、82.84~114.56、114.56 mg/kg时,推荐的总施氮量分别为:28.08、15.52~28.08、9.43~15.52、9.43 kg/667 m2;当土壤有效磷含量为:3.17、3.17~29.84、29.84~179.40、179.40 mg/kg时,推荐的总施磷量分别为:13.06、7.21~13.06、2.52~7.21、2.52 kg/667 m2;当土壤速效钾含量分别为:34.03、34.03~72.96、72.96~134.30、134.30 mg/kg时,推荐的总施钾量分别为:28.67、16.77~28.67、7.25~16.77、7.25 kg/667 m2。

The nai-plum fertilization tests were set in the orchard fields of different fertility levels and different locations.The test date of the rate of fertilizer application amounts(N,P2O5,K2O),the soil available nutrient of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,the relative yield of nai-plum were analyzed statistically ,and the regression equations were also acquired.The proper mathematical models based on regression equations ,and the richness or deficient status index by recommended about the soil available nutrient content and the total doses of fertilizer for nai-plum in mountainous area of Northern Guangdong Province were obtainted.Results showed that the regressions equation index for alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen ,available phosphorus and available potassium were as follows:y(relative yield)=37.334 ln(x)-89.905(R2=0.549 2,n=15),y(relative yield)=11.149 ln(x)+37.141(R2=0.915 7, n=15),y(relative yield)=32.779 ln(x)-65.621(R2=0.902,n=15).The regression equations of the total doses of nitro