目的 了解不同糖代谢状态孕妇后代在婴儿早期的生长模式.方法 选择2007年1月1日至2009年12月31日在北京大学第一医院分娩,且在生后6～12周完成随访的7600例单胎新生儿作为研究对象,其中母亲妊娠期糖代谢正常者6955例,糖代谢异常者645例.以母亲糖代谢情况和新生儿是否为巨大胎儿为分层因素将婴儿分为4组:糖代谢正常非巨大儿组6432例,糖代谢正常巨大儿组523例,糖代谢异常非巨大儿组588例,糖代谢异常巨大儿组57例.比较4组婴儿出生体重、复查时体重及日增长体重情况.采用t检验、单因素方差分析、LSD法进行统计学分析.为校正随访时天数对婴儿体重增长的影响,以随访天数为协变量,比较4组出生后体重增长情况的差别.结果 糖代谢正常组与糖代谢异常组比较,2组婴儿出生体重差异无统计学意义[(3367.0±420.3)g与(3368.2±475.1)g,t=-0.061,P＞0.05]；糖代谢异常组复查时体重及日增长体重均低于糖代谢正常组,差异均有统计学意义[复查时体重:(5393.9±647.2)g与(5459.3±625.2)g；日增长体重:(42.9±9.5)g与(44.0±9.5)g,t=2.464和2.874,P均＜0.05].糖代谢正常非巨大儿、糖代谢异常非巨大儿、糖代谢正常巨大儿和糖代谢异常巨大儿组婴儿出生体重分别为(3300.6±359.2)g、(3282.1±397.0)g、(4183.8±203.8)g和(4256.8±248.8)g；复查时体重分别为(5400.5±590.7)g、(5325.8±618.8)g、(6182.7±584.7)g和(6096.5±502.4)g；日增长体重分别为(44.1±9.4)g、(43.2±9.4)g、(42.4±10.9)g和(39.6±10.0)g.4组间各指标比较,差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为1140.471、313.376、10.830,P均＜0.001).4组间体重日增长协方差分析比较发现,糖代谢正常非巨大儿组分别高于糖代谢异常非巨大儿、糖代谢正常巨大儿组和糖代谢异常巨大儿组,糖代谢正常巨大儿组高于糖代谢异常巨大儿组,糖代谢异常非巨大儿组高于糖代谢异常巨大儿组(P均＜0.05或0.01).结论 在脱离母体高血糖影响后,妊娠期高血糖孕妇子代在婴儿早期的生长速度可能呈现暂时减慢.

Objective To understand the growth pattern of infants of mothers with maternal glucose metabolism during pregnancy.Methods Totally,7600 infants,born from singleton pregnant women from January 1st,2007 to December 31st,2009 in Peking University First Hospital and were followed up at 6-12 weeks after birth,were included.Altogether,645 mothers were complicated with hyperglycemia and 6955 with normal glucose metabolism during pregnancy.All infants were divided into four groups based on maternal glucose metabolism and their birth weight:Group N1 (n =6432) was consisted of non-macrosomia infants with normal maternal glucose metabolism; Group N2 (n =523) included macrosomia infants with normal maternal glucose metabolism; Group A1 (n =588) were non-macrosomia infants with abnormal maternal glucose metabolism; Group A2 (n =57) were macrosomia infants with abnormal maternal glucose metabolism.Birth weight,body weight at the day of follow-up and average daily weight gain were compared among thes

目的：了解孕妇妊娠期糖代谢异常的发生情况，分析妊娠期糖代谢异常的危险因素。方法选择孕妇1823例，采用病例对照研究方法，其中确诊妊娠期糖代谢异常105例作为病例组，从1718例健康孕妇中选择同期入院的112例作为对照组。利用单因素和多因素Logistic回归方法分析妊娠期糖代谢异常的危险因素。结果孕妇妊娠期糖代谢异常发病率为5．76％，其中妊娠期糖尿病（ GDM）为31例，糖耐量异常（GIGT）74例。两组孕妇在年龄、孕前BMI、糖尿病家族史、产次方面差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0．05）。随着年龄的增加，糖代谢异常发病率增加，但GDM和GIGT孕妇间年龄差异无统计学意义（ P＞0.05）。妊娠期糖代谢异常多因素Logistic 回归分析显示年龄（OR值＝3．786，P＝0．001）、孕前BMI（OR值＝2．424，P＝0.013）和糖尿病家族史（OR值＝1．554，P＝0．003）是危险因素。结论年龄、糖尿病家族史和孕前BMI是孕妇妊娠期发生糖代谢异常的危险因素。

Objective To understand the glucose metabolic pregnant women of the abnormal situation ,to ex-plore the risk factors of abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy .Methods 1 823 cases of pregnant women were collected ,use case-control study , pregnancy women with abnormal glucose metabolism during the same period were selected as case group ,select the same period in the hospital expectant healthy pregnant women ascontrol group , Using single factor and multi-factor Logistic regression to analysis of risk factors of gestational abnormal glucose me-tabolism.Results Sugar metabolism abnormal incidence of pregnant women was 5.76%;there were 31 cases of dia-betes,impaired glucose tolerance in 74 cases.The two groups of subjects of age ,BMI before pregnanly ,family history of diabetes,production times were significant difference (all P 0.05).The multi-factor Logistic regression of gestational abnormal glucose metabolism showed :age (OR=3.786,P=0.001),BMI before pregnanly(OR=2.424,P=0.013)

[目的]探讨妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）患者产后1年糖代谢转归情况及影响因素。[方法]选择2009年1月至2011年10月经75 g 葡萄糖负荷试验（OGTT）诊断为 GDM 并随访至产后1年者92例，根据 GDM孕妇产后1年 OGTT 结果分为糖代谢正常组（NG 组），糖代谢异常组（AG 组），采用多因素 logistic 回归模型对其进行糖代谢影响因素分析。[结果]在产后1年92例 GDM 患者中糖代谢异常检出率为28．3％（26/92）；Logistic 回归模型分析显示，诊断 GDM 孕周早、糖尿病家族史、孕前 BMI 高、OGTT 2 h 血糖值高为产后糖代谢异常的危险因素。[结论]GDM 患者产后1年仍存在糖代谢紊乱，对 GDM 孕周早、糖尿病家族史、孕前 BMI 高、OGTT 2 h 血糖值高的孕妇要加强产后随访。

[Objective]To explore the outcome of glucose metabolism in women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)one year after delivery and the influential factors.[Methods]Totally 92 women with GDM di-agnosed by oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)and followed up for one year after delivery in our hospital from Jan.2009 to Dec.2011 were chosen.According to OGTT results one year after delivery,All pregnant women with GDM were divided into normal glucose metabolism(NG)group and abnormal glucose metabolism(AG) group.Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting glucose metabolism.[Results]The detection rate of AG in 92 GDM patients one year after delivery was 28.3%(26/29).Logistic regression model showed that GDM at early gestational age,family history of diabetes mellitus,high progesta-tion body mass index(BMI)and high OGTT 2h plasma glucose were high risk factors of postpartum abnormal glucose metabolism.[Conclusion]Women with GDM one year after delivery has glu

早产儿因其生理学和解剖学等结构的发育不成熟，容易出现糖代谢紊乱。在出生后第一周，早产儿有发生糖代谢异常的可能。与足月儿相比，早产儿的葡萄糖/胰岛素内环境稳态有很大不同。文章就早产儿糖代谢特点和相关检测方法作一综述。

Because of their physiological and anatomical immaturity, premature infants are prone to disorders of glucose metabolism. In the ifrst week after birth, infants have the greater risk of abnormal glucose metabolism. Compared with term infants, the glucose/insulin homeostasis of preterm infants is very different. This article reviewed the characteristics of glycometabolism in premature infant and the methods of glucose test.

代谢组学是一种新兴的技术平台,为药物的机制研究提供了新手段.本文汇总近年来在代谢组学领域中降糖药物的研究以及从机体代谢谱变化角度对药物应用价值评价的资料,对代谢组学在降糖药物中的应用前景作一展望.

Metabonomics is an emerging platform for technology.It provides a new method in study of drugs.This article summarized evidences derived from recent metabonomics studies regarding hypoglycemic drugs.We collected all proofs of body metabolite profiling in assessing drugs and exploring their potential mechanisms.An outlook of metabonomics for future research into hypoglycemic drugs was also postulated.