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双语推荐：自适应控制

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自适应容错控制出现了一些新进展及其代表性工作.首先,给出自适应容错控制的内涵;然后,将其分为四大类:基于故障参数估计的自适应容错控制,基于近似模型的自适应容错控制,基于多模切换与校正的自适应容错控制和直接自适应容错控制,重点论述了模型参考自适应容错控制;最后,提出了一些具有挑战性的问题.
Some new progress and its representative works appear in adaptive fault-tolerant control. Firstly, the connotation of adaptive fault-tolerant control is clarified, and then adaptive fault-tolerant control is divided into four categories:adaptive fault-tolerant control based on fault parameters estimations, adaptive fault-tolerant control based on approximate models, adaptive fault-tolerant control based on multi-mode switching and tuning, and direct adaptive fault-tolerant control. Especially, model reference adaptive fault-tolerant control is discussed separately. Finally, some challenging issues in this area are proposed.

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PID控制广泛应用于工业控制过程中,由于传统的PID对非线性控制、控制精度以及响应速度等方面存在着不可逆转的不足,采取了一种自适应模糊PID的控制策略。首先论述了传统PID控制的原理和特点,然后对自适应模糊PID控制器的控制原理进行了分析,确定了隶属函数、模糊语言变量以及模糊规则;然后简述了自适应性的校正方法;最后通过仿真软件中的Simulink对传统PID以及自适应模糊PID控制的模型进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,自适应模糊PID控制具有更好的动态响应性能。
Firstly ,this paper introduces the principle and characteristics of conventional PID controller ,and analyzes the principle of adaptive fuzzy PID controller .Then ,it determines the membership function ,the variables of fuzzy language and fuzzy rules ,as well as the method of adaptive correction .At last ,it constructs the model of adaptive fuzzy PID control and traditional PID system in Simulink environment . The study results show that , compared with the conventional PID controller , the adaptive fuzzy PID controllor has good performance of dynamic response .

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研究了一种由可编程控制器(PLC)和M4变频器驱动的绕线机系统。系统在绕制时，线速度保持恒定，角速度自适应绕制半径的调整。给出了系统结构图，设置了变频器的控制参数，描述了自适应控制关系和相应的控制流程；设计了自适应控制程序并下载到PLC中，输出给M4变频器的自适应模拟控制输入由程序完成计算。仿真研究验证了由PLC和M4变频器驱动的绕线机自适应控制方法的有效性。
Construction of a winding machine system with a programmable controller and an inverter is introduced.The line velocity keeps constant while winding,and the angular velocity adapts to the increase of winding radius.The system construction scheme is proposed.Control parameters of inverter are set up.Adaptive control relation is explained and the corresponding program flow diagram presented.The adaptive control program is designed,and the program downloaded from computer to the programmable controller.Adaptive analog control input to the inverter is computed by the program.Simulation shows that the adaptive control of the winding machine is workable.

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研究复合材料预浸胶布带缠绕控制方法。针对缠绕工艺过程复合材料预浸胶布带受压强不均匀易导致制品性能缺陷,提出用于缠绕层厚度不均匀的缠绕点控制方法——柔性压辊自适应偏航控制方法。在分析复合材料预浸胶布带缠绕成型工艺特性以及刚性压辊与柔性压辊缠绕缺陷的基础上,提出柔性压辊自适应偏航控制要素,建立柔性压辊前点在机床坐标系中的位置表达式。设计自适应偏航控制试验平台,基于试验平台分析柔性压辊的自适应偏航控制方法,根据柔性压辊自适应偏航控制要素,建立柔性压辊自适应偏航控制算法,由此算法设计柔性压辊自适应偏航控制系统。试验验证该方法的可行性及正确性,结果表明,与刚性压辊及柔性压辊相比较,柔性压辊自适应偏航方法能够获得密实的缠绕制品,同时保证缠绕成型过程中压辊前点的位置精度。
The process control method for composite prepreg tape winding is studied. A control method used for the uneven thickness layer winding point control called adaptive yaw control of flexible pressure roller is presented. The control elements for adaptive yaw control of the flexible pressure roller is analyzed and the position expression of flexible roller foreword-point to MCS (machine coordinate system) is established based on analysis of the process characteristic of composite prepreg tape winding and the winding defect of rigid roller and flexible roller. An experiment platform for adaptive yaw control is designed, the control method for adaptive yaw control of flexible pressure roller is analyzed for the platform. The control algorithm is derived according to the elements of the adaptive yaw control; the system for adaptive yaw control of the flexible pressure roller is designed as a result. The method’s feasibility and validity is verified by experiment, compared with rig

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研究了智能鱼雷控制系统多通道控制算法的实现和设计问题。为使自适应控制理论在鱼雷制导控制系统中实现最佳控制效果和性能，设计了并联参考模型自适应鱼雷制导控制系统。自适应控制理论能准确实时调整控制加权系数，实现系统自身性能与外界信息的匹配和沟通，达到最佳性能，并有效应用于智能鱼雷的控制平台中。提出了一种基于自适应控制理论的鱼雷制导控制多通道加权算法，根据自适应多通道加权控制律，确定误差补偿器，使系统的稳态误差限定在较小范围内；推导出控制系统的状态方程，选取等效控制律参考模型设计自适应控制算法，并完成控制系统的硬件电路设计。实验结果表明，该控制系统性能稳定，控制品质和精度较高，能有效应用于鱼雷制导控制设计中。
The multi-channel control algorithm for the intelligent torpedo control system is researched. A torpedo adaptive guidance control system of the parallel reference model was designed for reaching the optimal control effect and performance of the electrical control system based on the adaptive control theory. By means of the adaptive control theory,the precision and real-time adjustment of control weighting coefficient can be achieved,the matching and communication of the self performance and the out information can be implemented,and optimal performance can be realized. The adaptive control theory can be applied to the intelligent torpedo control system. A multi-channel weighting algorithm for torpedo guidance and control based on adaptive control theory is proposed. The error compensator is determined according to the multi-channel weighting control rule to make the stable error of the system to be limited in a small range. The state equation was derived. and the adaptive con

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将神经元自适应的控制模型与常规 PID 控制算法相结合，设计了一种自适应 PID 控制器，并将其应用于风力发电机试验系统电源组的控制系统中。该控制器不仅结构简单、参数易于整定，且具有较好的自适应和自学习功能。结果表明，应用神经元 PID 控制的风力发电机试验系统的电源组控制系统能够适应被控对象在较大范围内的变化，具有较强的自适应性和优良的控制性能。
Combining the model of neuron adaptive control with the conventional PID control algorithm , we designed an adap-tive PID controller , and this controller is applied to the control system of the power supply group of wind generator test system . This controller not only has the advantages of simple structure , easy parameter setting , and has good self adaptive and self-learning function . The results show that the control system of the power supply group wind generator test system with neuron adaptive PID controller is adaptable to the large change of controlled objects and satisfactory adaptive ability . It has a strong adaptability and ex-cellent control performance .

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在工业控制领域中，常规PID的应用极为广泛，但是常规PID控制在控制精度，响应速度等方面略显不足。对常规PID和模糊自适应PID控制进行比较，运用matlab中的simulink工具箱进行建模仿真，并在PLC中对模糊自适应PID控制进行编程实现，体现出模糊自适应PID控制在工业控制领域中的优势。
The conventional PID control applications is extremely broad in the field of industrial control . However, conventional PID control is slightly less than in the control precision .In this paper,the conven-tional PID control is compared with fuzzy adaptive PID control ,the simulink toolbox in MATLAB is used for modeling and simulation,and the fuzzy adaptive PID control is programmed in the PLC .The result shows the strengths of the fuzzy adaptive PID control in the field of industrial control .

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常规备自投装置只能适应设定的电网运行方式,动作逻辑固定。提出一种备用电源自动投切装置自适应模型,在调度控制中心主站建模,自适应电网模型变化,实现对电网方式自动跟踪控制。介绍了自适应备自投模型的总体框架,备自投自适应建模程序、建模维护工具等。工程运用实例表明,备自投自适应模型能够良好地适应电网方式变化,迅速、准确地恢复供电,极大地提高了电网供电可靠性。
The traditional automatic throw -in equipment of emergency power supply can only be suitable for the given operat-ing mode of power grid , and its action logic is regular .A new adaptive model of automatic throw -in equipment of emergency power supply is proposed , which builds its model in dispatching control center , adapts to the variation of the grid model , and automatically tracks the grid model .The total frame of the new model , the model procedure and the model maintenance tools are introduced .According to the engineering application , the new model which greatly improves the reliability of power supply can adapt to the gird variation rapidly and accurately .

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针对仿人智能多模态控制切换过程中可能导致的失误，探讨了仿人智能控制中误差异常处理的自适应策略。基于人一机学习过程，指出了控制中可能导致的失误及其产生的缘由，分析了自适应功能的局限性，讨论了误差异常处理自适应性的机理，提出了改进的修正控制算法。仿真响应验证了该控制策略的有效性。结果表明：修正后的误差异常处理自适应控制算法在多模态控制切换过程中可覆盖更大范围的应用。
Aiming at the puzzle of being possible to result from fault in the switching process of hu-man simulated intel igent multimode control,we explored the adaptive strategy of error anomaly processing in human simulated intel igent control.In the paper,based on the human-machine learning process,it pointed out the causable fault and its produced cause,analyzed the limitation of adaptive function,discussed the adaptive mechanism of error anomaly processing,and pro-posed the improved modification control algorithm.The experience simulation demonstrated the effectiveness of control strategy.The research result shows that it can cover a wider range appli-cation in the switching process of multi-modal control for modified adaptive control algorithm of er-ror anomaly processing.

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文章通过对目前国内外交通信号控制现状的分析，明确基于不同交通信息感知设备的自适应信号控制方法的优缺点，引出综合各检测器的特点并有明显优越性的微波检测器，通过虚拟检测线圈的设置，判断车辆离开和请求信号，在此基础上实现基于此检测器的自适应控制。并以合肥市高新区天湖路与科学大道交叉口为例，分析自适应控制前后的等待时间、延误、运行时间以及速度对比，阐明在未达到饱和状态的时间段自适应控制的优越性。
The paper explicated the advantages and disadvantages of adaptive signal control methods based on different traffic information sensing devices by analyzing the current situation of traffic signal control at intersection. Microwave Detector was proposed which is superior to other detectors and has comprehensive features of others. The adaptive control with microwave detector was realized through setting virtual detector loop and judging whether vehicles leave or need a request signal. An example was presented in Tianhu Road-Kexue Avenue intersection of Hefei. By the comparisons of indicators before and after adaptive control, such as waiting time, delay, travel time and speed, the results indicate the superiority of adaptive control before saturation state.

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