目的旨在考察抗氧化剂维生素 C（Vc）及 NADPH 氧化酶抑制剂 apocynin（Apo）在营养琼脂培养基中对猪苓菌丝形成菌核的影响，并探讨抗氧化剂对猪苓菌丝形成菌核过程中活性氧产生的影响。方法将不同体积的 Vc 母液分别加入到灭菌后冷却至60℃左右的麦芽糖琼脂培养基中，使 Vc 在培养基中的终浓度分别为0.5、1.0、2.0、5.0、10、15 mg/ml。将 Apo 配制成100 mmol/L 的母液，加入到灭菌后冷却至60℃左右的麦芽糖琼脂培养基中，使其在培养基中的终浓度分别为10、20、40 mmol/L。通过猪苓菌核生物量来评价抗氧化剂对猪苓菌核形成的影响；利用 NBT 还原法检测猪苓菌核形成过程中菌丝及菌核内活性氧的含量。结果低浓度（0.5 mg/ml）的 Vc 组能够促进猪苓菌丝生长并促使猪苓菌丝形成菌核，菌核生物量为（1.69±0.06）g/20 g 基质，与不添加 Vc 的对照组[菌核生物量为（1.55±0.10）g/20 g 基质）]相比，所诱导产生的猪苓菌核生物量无显著性差异（P >0.05）；终浓度为5.0、10、15 mg/ml 的Vc 组对猪苓菌丝生长及菌核形成均具有抑制作用。任一浓度的 Apo（10、20、40 mmol/L）均使猪苓菌丝生长明显减缓，并且不能诱导猪苓菌核形成。结论营养琼脂培养基中生长的猪苓菌丝内氧化应激水平达到一定的水平才可能促使猪苓菌丝向菌核分化；抗氧化剂在一定程度上消除了活性氧，使猪苓菌核形成减少或不能形成。

Objective To investigate the effect of vitamin C (Vc) and NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin (Apo) on P. umbellatus sclerotial formation in nutritional agar medium and to study the relationship between antioxidants and ROS generation during P. umbellatus sclerotial formation. Methods After different volumes of Vc solution was added to the sterilized and cooled maltose agar medium, the final concentration of the Vc solution was adjusted to 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 10 and 15 mg/ml respectively in the final medium. The final concentration of Apo solution of 10, 20 and 40 mmol/L was made respectively by adding different volumes of Apo mother liquor (100 mmol/L) to the maltose agar medium. Fresh P. umbellatus sclerotial biomass was measured to evaluate the effect of antioxidants on P. umbellatus sclerotial formation. ROS production of sclerotia and mycelia was detected using NBT reduction method. Results Low concentration of Vc of 0.5 mg/ml could promote P. umbellatus mycelial growth and induce sc

用竹黄(Shiraia bambusicola)寄生的竹枝、叶、根为材料分离内生菌,再通过竹红菌素的抑菌效果和发酵试验初筛发现获得的4个内生细菌和2个内生真菌的粗多糖激发子都能一定程度提高竹黄菌丝中竹红菌素的含量,其中最有效的为TT1(Trametes sp.)栓菌属真菌的激发子。在竹黄培养液中加入50μg/mL的TT1激发子可明显提高竹黄菌丝生物量和菌丝中竹红菌素含量,与对照相比竹红菌素增产约80%。

Four bacterial and two fungal endophytes were isolated from root,trunk and leaf samples of a bamboo plant infected with Shiraia bambusicola.Polysaccharides prepared from these endophytes acted as microbial elicitors,increasing hypocrellin production by S.bambusicola mycelium grown in submerged culture.Polysaccharide TT1 ,obtained from a Trametes sp,was the most effective elicitor;supplementation of S.bambusicola cultures with 50 μg/mL TT1 increased hypocrellin yields by ~80% and also enhanced mycelial biomass production.

采用液体培养技术，通过分析培养基质中的营养水平动态变化，以期明确添加一定量油茶枝提取液的液体培养基对茶薪菇菌丝生长量、菌丝营养生长的碳、氮代谢及酚类物代谢的影响。以未添加油茶枝的麦麸-土豆培养基为对照，结果显示：两组生物量和培养液营养基质的动态变化基本相同，添加8％油茶枝提取液，可明显提高培养液中总酚含量作为营养基础，但并未影响茶薪菇菌丝体对液体培养基质碳氮源及酚类物的代谢利用。

To analyze the function of Camellia olei f era Abel extracts in liquid medium on mycelium growth , metabolism of carbon ,nitrogen and phenols in Agrocybe chaxingu Huang ,dynamic changes in culture media was studied .Compared with the control (wheat bran-Potatoes medium without Camellia olei f era Abel extracts) ,there have no difference on the dynamic changes of biomass and nutrition of culture . Furthermore , the total phenol content in culture medium was increased by adding 8% Camellia olei f era Abel extracts in liquid medium ,but it did not affect mycelium and metabolism of carbon , nitrogen and phenols of Agrocybe mycelium in liquid culture medium .

采用图像处理技术对高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)发酵过程中的不同形态进行分析,并对其产花生四烯酸(ARA)能力进行了比较。研究发现:复合N源中蛋白胨与酵母粉比例是影响高山被孢霉宏观形态的重要因素,球形形态生长的菌体中ARA产量较分散,菌丝体中ARA产量高;在球形形态中,空心球的菌体生物量低,ARA比例低,蓬松球可以兼顾菌体高生物量、高油脂比例及高ARA比例。产ARA能力由生物量、油脂比例及油脂中ARA比例共同决定。结果表明:直径大约4 mm、成核区域面积大约为43.6%、紧密度为71.36的蓬松球形态,是高山被孢霉一种相对较佳的发酵形态,其菌体产ARA能力分别是空心球和分散丝状菌体产ARA能力的2.01和2.70倍。

An image processing technology was employed to analyze the different morphology features of Mortierella alpina,then their arachidonic acid(ARA) production capacities were compared?The results showed that the mixing ratio of peptone to yeast extract in the complex nitrogen source was important factors to affect the macroscopic morphology,the ARA production of mycelia grown in the form of pellet was the higher than that in dispersed mycelia?Among different pellet forms,the lipid content in the hollow pellet was highest while the biomass, and ARA content were the highest in the fluffy pellets?The ARA production capacity was determined by the biomass, lipid content in biomass, and the ARA content in lipid?Based on these factors,the ARA production capacity of fluffy pellets was 2?01,2?70 fold compared with that of hollow pellets and dispersed filaments, respectively?Therefore, the fluffy pellets were the optimum morphology for M?alpina to produce ARA in batch cultivation, whose morphologica

采用离体培养的方法，研究了不同盐浓度胁迫对红绒盖牛肝菌（ Xerocomus chrysenteron）、灰环粘盖牛肝菌（Suillus laricinus）、灰鹅膏菌（Amanita vaginata）3种外生菌根真菌的生长速度、生物量、菌丝Na＋质量分数的影响。结果表明：红绒盖牛肝菌耐盐性最强，盐胁迫并未影响其生长，在高浓度（0．6～0．8 mol· L-1）盐胁迫下，红绒盖牛肝菌的生长速度和生物量显著高于其他2种菌株（P＜0．05），其体内的Na＋质量分数也显著低于其他2种菌株（P＜0．05）。灰环粘盖牛肝菌对盐胁迫最为敏感，低浓度（0．2 mol· L-1）的盐胁迫就可以影响其生长曲线，降低其生长速度，其在高浓度盐胁迫下体内的Na＋质量分数也显著高于其他2种菌株（ P＜0．05）。灰鹅膏菌耐盐性居中，随着盐浓度的增加，其生长速度和生物量逐渐降低。

The experiment was conducted to determine the diameter growth rates, biomass yield and Na+content of three fungal species involving Xerocomus chrysenteron, Suillus laricinus and Amanita vaginata by culture in vitro method under different content of salt stress.Between three species, X.chrysenteron shows the highest growth rates, the best biomass yield in high content of salt stress (0.6-0.8 mol· L-1 ) and the lowest content of Na+in the mycelia in the salt gradient test and X.chrsy enteron has the most tolerance to salt stress and rejection to Na+under salt stress.S.laricinus is the most sensitive to salt stress, its growth rate is depressed in salt content of 0.2 mol· L-1 , and its Na+content in the mycelia is the highest in salt content of 0.6-0.8 mol· L-1 .The growth rate and biomass yield of A.vaginata are reduced with the increase of salt content .