E读

双语推荐：西尼罗病毒

[目的]了解广东从化无规定马属动物疫病区野鸟和蚊子的种类、数量和分布等情况及其西尼罗病毒感染的情况。[方法]对鸟类在沿途设网抓捕取样；蚊虫采用紫外灯诱捕和网捕进行样品采集，随后利用荧光定量RT-PCR方法对西尼罗病毒进行检测。[结果]2012-2013年该地区共捕获鸟类110种381只，隶属于12目37科76属；共捕获蚊虫5种，共计3048只，其中淡色库蚊占50.66%、三带喙库蚊占32.12%、褐尾库蚊占12.99%、中华按蚊占3.61%和白纹伊蚊0.62%；对381份鸟泄殖腔棉拭子和3048份蚊子样品进行了西尼罗病毒的检测，结果均为阴性。[结论]虽然本次调查未发现鸟类及蚊子感染西尼罗病毒，但本地区存在西尼罗病毒引入以及在本地区传播的条件，存在西尼罗病毒病发生风险。因此，为继续维持广东从化无规定马属动物疫病区的无疫状态，有必要对媒介鸟类及蚊虫开展长期的调查和监测。

Objective To investigate the species,number and distribution of wild birds and mosquitoes and West Nile virus(WNV)the specific equine disease-free zone of Conghua,Guangdong.Method The birds were captured on the migration routes with nets,and mosquitoes by Ultraviolet light trapping and nets.The samples were detected with real-time RT-PCR assay for West Nile virus.Result All the 381 birds of 110 species and 3048 mosquitoes of 5 species collected were negative for West Nile virus.Conclusion No WNV-positive birds and mosquitoes were detected in the survey.There were amount of potential vectors of WNV found in the zone.To maintain the disease-free status of the specifi c equine disease-free zone of Conghua,further work was needed to monitor the bird and mosquito activities for long time.

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西尼罗病毒病(WND)是由西尼罗病毒(WNV)感染引起的一种人兽共患的急性传染病,应用各种诊断技术对该病进行准确、及时的诊断是预防和控制该病的前提。论文就近年来WND诊断技术研究进展情况进行综述,包括病原学诊断、血清学诊断和分子生物学诊断。在病原学诊断方面,主要包括病毒分离鉴定、抗原捕获ELISA及基于膜的电化学生物传感器技术等。在血清学诊断方面,主要包括ELISA方法、补体依赖性细胞毒性反应、基于微球的免疫测定方法及表面增强拉曼散射等。在分子生物学诊断方面,主要包括RT-PCR和RT-nPCR、real-time RT-PCR、实时快速反转录环介导恒温扩增及依赖核酸序列的扩增技术等,并对各种方法的前景和优缺点进行了阐述,为实际应用及新方法的建立提供参考。

West Nile virus disease (WND)is a seriously infectious zoonosis caused by West Nile virus (WNV).The application of different diagnostic tests for accurate and timely diagnosis of the disease is the premise for the prevention and control of WND.This article mainly reviewed the latest research progress on diagnostic techniques for WND.The diagnostic methods of WND include pathogenical,serological and molecular diagnoses.In the pathogenical detection aspect,these techniques include virus isolation and iden-tification,antigen capture ELISA and membrane-based electrochemical nanobiosensor.In the serological detection aspect,mainly include ELISA,complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC),microsphere-based im-munoassay (MIA)and surface enhanced Raman scattering immunoassay(SERS).In molecular detection aspect,mainly include RT-PCR,RT-nPCR,real-time RT-PCR,loop-mediated isothermal amplification as-say (LAMP)and nucleic acid sequence-based amplification assay (NASBA).In addition,the advantages, dis